Biomedical subjects

C Laferriere

Publications and source records attributed to C Laferriere.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1985

Penetration of latamoxef, cefoperazone and piperacillin into the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis.

Concentrations of latamoxef, cefoperazone and piperacillin, administered intravenously, were measured in serum and sputum of cystic fibrosis patients with recurrent pulmonary infections, chronically colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Serum pharmacokinetic data were consistent with prior reports. Peak sputum to peak serum concentrations were approximately 3% for each antimicrobial. However, the more prolonged sputum concentrations of piperacillin were reflected in greater areas under the sputum concentration-time curve and a longer duration above the MIC50 of tested P. aeruginosa strains for that drug.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

The superior colliculus simultaneously modifies the responses of the lateral geniculate cells and of the oculomotor nuclei.

Descending and ascending influences of the superior colliculus (CS) were studied in the following way. In anesthetized and paralyzed rabbits two tungsten micro-electrodes were lowered in the (CS) and the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) for single unit recordings. A third semi-micro-electrode (dia. 100 microns) was positioned in the vicinity of the oculomotor nuclei. The final position of this electrode was determined at a location which yielded an eye movement with the lowest intensity of the electrical pulse. The typical experimental procedures required that a spontaneous collicular spike triggered the flash presentation and data acquisition. Results indicated that collicular endogeneous activity may be capable of modifying simultaneously the evoked neuronal responses of the LGN and in the vicinity of the oculomotor nuclei.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Effect of inoculum size on Haemophilus influenzae type b susceptibility to new and conventional antibiotics.

Thirty-three Haemophilus influenzae type b isolates, including beta-lactamase acetyltransferase-positive strains, were tested by microtiter broth dilution for susceptibility to eight beta-lactam compounds and chloramphenicol. All antibiotics except ampicillin and chloramphenicol were highly bactericidal against all isolates at an inoculum of 10(5) CFU/ml. However, at an inoculum of 10(5) CFU/ml, the minimal bactericidal concentrations of all drugs except ceftriaxone were above levels usually achievable in cerebrospinal fluid. Results of time-kill studies confirmed this inoculum effect. In vivo studies are needed to test the clinical impact of these observations.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Chloramphenicol: recent developments and clinical indications.

Recent developments (including more accurate assays) that have led to revised recommendations for route of administration, dosage, and indications for chloramphenicol are reviewed. Chloramphenicol is most bioavailable by the oral route; doses of 75 mg/kg/day provide adequate therapeutic concentrations for most clinical indications. Serum concentrations of the drug should be monitored to ensure adequate therapeutic concentrations and to avoid toxicity. This is particularly important in newborns, in patients with liver dysfunction, and in those receiving concomitant drugs that may influence free chloramphenicol concentrations. The indications for chloramphenicol therapy evaluated are: Haemophilus influenzae infections, anaerobic infections, salmonellosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and eye infections. Chloramphenicol is useful in the treatment of invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections resistant to ampicillin, in selected anaerobic and ocular infections, and for rickettsioses in patients under the age of eight years. Because the rare but life-threatening complication of chloramphenicol (aplastic anemia) persists, indications for the drug's clinical use are narrowing once again with the advent of third-generation cephalosporins highly active against gram-negative bacilli including ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae. Similarly, metronidazole or clindamycin may be preferred for some anaerobic infections.

Bacteroides Infections↗