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Biomedical subjects

C Liu

Publications and source records attributed to C Liu.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Immunofluorescent studies of human cell cultures and chick embryos inoculated with the ameboid cell-"lipovirus" complex.

Tissue culture cells of human origin (HeLa, Lich, and AV(3)) were inoculated with the AL complex. By immunofluorescent staining, AL complex antigen was detectable in the cytoplasm of infected cells as punctate fluorescent granules during the early stage and as homogeneous fluorescence during the late stage of infection. By combining fluorescence and phase-contrast microscopy, many infected cells with cytoplasmic AL complex antigen were shown to have a normal nuclear morphology indistinguishable from uninfected cells. Initiation of AL complex infection was interpreted as occurring by transfer of transmissible factor(s) from cell to cell by contact and mutiplication of such factor(s) therein. Chick embryos were susceptible to AL complex infection following allantoic or amniotic inoculations. Antigen and infectious AL complex were demonstrable in the liver, brain, intestines, lungs, and embryonic membranes. Further investigations on AL complex and its relation to human disease are suggested.

Animals↗
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Measles.

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Europe↗
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Alterations in the biorheological features of some soft tissues after limb lengthening.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a surgical limb lengthening procedure on the biorheological features of some lengthened soft tissues. In this procedure external fixators were applied to goats' right radius to stretch the tissues. The right forelegs of goats were lengthened by 2, 4 cm, respectively. After lengthening ceased, the goats were examined after different periods of time. The lengthened median nerves, arteries and veins were harvested and used to study their biorheological features. Tensile strength of lengthened and control specimens were measured and their stress relaxation features and stress-strain relationships were studied. Results showed that at the beginning of recovery, the stress-strain curves, relaxation curves and tensile strengths of the lengthened specimens began to deviate from those of their controls. However, with increasing recovery time, the curves and tensile strength of the lengthened specimens reverted to those of their controls. All the tissues studied exhibited the same behavior.

Animals↗
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Effects of ketamine on the adaptive responses of second-order vestibular neurons of the cat.

The adaptive characteristics of 80 neurons in the vestibular nuclei of ketamine-anesthetized cats were investigated. All types I and II neurons responded to stimulation of the horizontal semicircular canals by an 8 degree/sec2 stepwise angular acceleration of 40 sec. For the purpose of this study, vestibular adaptation was defined as a decline in response at a rate of greater than -0.01 spikes/sec/sec. According to this criterion, 71 neurons (89 per cent) behaved as adapting neurons, and nine (11 per cent) showed either no adaptation or reverse adaptation. The rate of adaptation varied from neuron to neuron; the average rate was -0.312 spikes/sec/sec. The average resting discharge rate, the maximum response level, and the average adaptation rate were compared with similar neural responses in barbiturate-anesthetized cats. Although the average resting discharge rates of the two groups showed no significant difference, the average adaptation rate and the maximum response level of the ketamine-anesthetized group were significantly higher than those of the barbiturate-anesthetized group. These data suggest that the gain of the second-order neurons is higher and more actively modulated in more alert (ketamine-anesthetized) cats than in barbiturate-anesthetized cats.

Animals↗
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Pulmonary artery rupture: serious complication associated with pulmonary artery catheters.

An analysis of the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database of the Food and Drug Administration was conducted to identify adverse event reports associated with pulmonary artery catheter use between 1993 and 1999. Of 714 adverse event reports, there were 48 deaths of which 42 (88%) were related to pulmonary artery rupture. A further analysis of risk factors was conducted and found "postmenopausal female" was a most significant finding. Further study is recommended to establish a causal relationship.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Penetration of cefoxitin into human cerebrospinal fluid: comparison with cefamandole, ampicillin, and penicillin.

Single, intravenously administered doses of cefoxitin and cefamandole did not penetrate into cerebrospinal fluid of normal humans. Multiple-dose administration with or without probenecid facilitated penetration of both antibiotics into the cerebrospinal fluid. Preliminary data showed that cefoxitin penetrated into cerebrospinal fluid of patients with inflamed meninges even when administered in a single dose without probenecid. However, the concentrations of cefoxitin in the cerebrospinal fluid of the individuals studied were not within the therapeutic range.

Administration, Oral↗
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Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim alone for prophylaxis of infection in granulocytopenic patients.

Prophylactic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) has been shown to reduce the incidence of fever, parenteral antibiotic usage, and infections with gram-negative bacteria in hospitalized patients with neutropenia. Furthermore, TMP-SMZ was found to be equivalent to or better than oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics in direct comparisons and to have an additive effect when given together with other oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics. Adults given TMP-SMZ continuously had fewer readmissions for infection than did controls given TMP-SMZ only while hospitalized. TMP-SMZ used continuously in children with acute leukemia was effective in preventing bacterial and Pneumocystis carinii infections. For prophylaxis in granulocytopenic patients, TMP appeared equivalent to TMP-SMZ both in efficacy and incidence of side effects. However, TMP was less effective in suppressing gastrointestinal flora, including TMP-resistant gram-negative rods. Thus, TMP-SMZ has some role in preventing infections in high-risk patients, but further studies, especially comparisons with untreated patients may still be required. TMP used alone offers little advantage and has the theoretical disadvantage of not preventing infections caused by P. carinii or TMP-resistant gram-negative bacteria.

Adult↗