An outbreak of pseudorabies in swine in Pingtung.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
C M Cheng
Publications and source records attributed to C M Cheng.
Rapid quantitative method for Salmonella detection in polluted waters.
A procedure has been developed for the enumeration of salmonellae in polluted waters using several modifications of existing techniques. Confirmation of salmonellae is achieved within 48 hr. This procedure includes selective enrichment in m-Tetrathionate Broth (22 +/- 1 hr), plating on Brilliant Green Sulfa Agar (20 +/- 1 hr), and confirmation by flagellar (H) agglutination of the growth in a mannosecontaining medium (6 +/- 1 hr). An incubation temperature of 41.5 C was used throughout this procedure. Dilution to extinction techniques (most probable number) were employed to enumerate salmonellae. Large sample volumes were concentrated through the use of membrane filters. This technique proved to be rapid and reliable for the enumeration of salmonellae in water, waste water, and waste-water sludges.
Agar↗
Test report on the efficiency of Fuji air purifier.
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Air Microbiology↗
The kinetics of baboon fibrinogen adsorption to polymers: in vitro and in vivo studies.
Fibrinogen adsorption on polymers from blood may mediate or potentiate thrombosis because of its involvement in both the intrinsic clotting system and the formation of platelet aggregates. While the kinetics of fibrinogen adsorption from plasma in vitro have previously been found to be very different on polar and nonpolar surfaces [T. A Horbett, "The kinetics of adsorption of plasma proteins to a series of hydrophilic-hydrophobic copolymers," ACS Org. Coat. Plas. Chem. 40, 642-646 (1979)] the significance of this difference with respect to thrombogenesis in vivo has not been clarified. In this study, the kinetics of deposition of baboon 125I fibrinogen from plasma in vitro or from blood in vivo on a series of polymers was measured. The polymers chosen for this study had previously been found to have a large range in surface polarity and reactivity in the in vivo baboon shunt model. The kinetics of fibrinogen adsorption in vitro were observed to be of three types, depending on the polymer: high initial adsorption decreasing to a lower steady state value; constant throughout the time course; low initial adsorption rising steadily to a plateau value. In vivo, fibrinogen deposition kinetics were of two types: low, constant deposition throughout the time course, independent of heparinization; low deposition initially followed by a second phase of greatly increased deposition (probably as fibrin) which was prevented or greatly decreased by heparinizing the animals. Polymers for which fibrinogen adsorption increased to a plateau in vitro were found to have a heparin inhibitable second phase of enhanced in vivo fibrinogen deposition. These polymers also have been found in previous studies to enhance the rate of platelet destruction when used as in vivo shunts on baboons. Conversely, most polymers with high initial in vitro fibrinogen adsorption followed by a decrease had low fibrinogen deposition behavior in vivo and were also minimally destructive of platelets. The adsorption kinetics of fibrinogen to polymers from blood in vivo and in vitro and the consumption of platelets in vivo induced by the polymers all vary with polymer polarity. More polar polymers had in vitro fibrinogen kinetics characterized by a rise to a plateau, in vivo fibrinogen deposition characterized by a second stage of great increase inhibitable by heparin, and enhanced platelet consumption. The correlation of three separate indicators of surface thrombogenicity with surface polarity suggests that more polar materials may be more thrombogenic because of an influence on the way in which fibrinogen interacts with these surfaces.
Adsorption↗
Assessment of reliability and validity of the behavioral observation record for developmental care.
Due to time constraints, clinicians are rarely able to carry out neurobehavioral assessments that use the Naturalistic Observation of Newborn Behavior Instrument. The content validity, interrater reliability, and criterion-related validity for a less time-consuming instrument, the Modified Infant Behavioral Observation Record (MIBOR) for developmental care was evaluated in this study. Eight developmental care specialists evaluated the MIBOR for content validity. Fifteen infants (birth weight < 1,500 g) were observed to determine interrater reliability, and three were observed to evaluate criterion-related validity. The content validity of the MIBOR, as determined by average congruence, was 96.9%. Interrater reliability for each developmental care subsystem ranged from 67% to 98%. Three of the four subsystems on the MIBOR achieved criterion-related validity, achieving an agreement of r = .60.
Attention↗
Medicare physician payment changes: impact on physicians and beneficiaries.
The Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997 generally reduced Medicare payments for surgical services while increasing them for other services. Concern about implications of these fee reductions prompted the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission to sponsor a national survey of physicians to learn their views on Medicare payment and whether access to care has changed for Medicare beneficiaries. Results suggest that beneficiaries' access to care has not declined. While physicians are concerned about Medicare reimbursement, they are more concerned about reimbursement from managed care plans and Medicaid. Continued monitoring will be important to detect any emerging access problems accompanying upcoming payment reductions.
Aged↗
Over-the-counter hearing aids: electroacoustic characteristics and possible target client groups.
Over-the-counter hearing aids (OTCs) are those directly purchased from retail outlets, without the benefit of prior professional hearing health care. They are particularly common in developing countries. This study examined the amplification characteristics of a selected sample of OTCs to determine if any target client group or groups were suitable for the OTCs. The electroacoustical performance of 10 OTCs was measured. The measurements included saturated sound pressure level curve, high-frequency average full-on gain, frequency response, total harmonic distortion, equivalent input noise level, and input-output curve. The full-on gain curve of each hearing aid was used to estimate the hypothetical hearing loss of target clients for each aid as it would be calculated by four hearing aid prescription formulae. Real-ear probe tube measurements were also performed on 10 adult subjects to determine the amplification that could be achieved by the OTCs before audible feedback occurred. The OTC hearing aids were not able to meet the prescription gain requirements of the majority of elderly clients who usually purchased them.
Adult↗