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Biomedical subjects

C M Griffiths

Publications and source records attributed to C M Griffiths.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Sequence of the nucleocapsid protein gene of Machupo virus: close relationship with another South American pathogenic arenavirus, Junín.

The sequence of the nucleocapsid (N) protein of Machupo virus (causative agent of Bolivian haemorrhagic fever) has been determined, and used to infer a phylogenetic relationship to other arenaviruses. The relationship of the virus to Junín and Tacaribe viruses, together with previous demonstrations of antigenic similarity and cross-protection by heterologous viruses, suggest that vaccines developed against Argentine haemorrhagic fever might also be effective against the Bolivian disease.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1976

Lymphocyte response in patients with head and neck cancer: effect of clinical stage and radiotherapy.

Ffty-three patients with head and neck cancer tested before radiation treatment to determine numbers of blood lymphocytes and immunologic responses to mitogens of lymphocytes in whole-blood cultures had mean values that were 19% to 26% less than values for healthy individuals. Thirty patients whose disease was in stages III or IV had values similar to those in 23 patients whose disease was in stages I or II. Values for 45 patients tested at end of radiotherapy decreased to about 50% of pretreatment values; however, patients with advanced lesions experienced greater decreases (to 24% to 50%) than patients with localized lesions (to 71% to 84%). Patients with advanced lesions usually received radiation to larger areas than patients with localized lesions; therefore, the extent of decline in laboratory values was most likely dependent on volume of tissue treated.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1975

Cricoid arch replacement in dogs. Further studies.

Published reports by Delahunty et al and Alonso et al described the feasibility of correcting subglottic defects with cricoid arch transplantation. Using normal dogs, satisfactory results, including airway patency and vocal cord function, were reported. This report describes a second series of dogs in which subglottic stenosis was first induced by an open procedure and was subsequently repaired with an allotransplanted cricoid arch. The resulting subglottic defect in the donor dogs was repaired by autogenous hyoid arch transposition. No immunosuppressive measures or stents were used in either group. The animals were followed for periods up to one year prior to histologic study. Satisfactory results were obtained in both groups.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An implanted electronic laryngeal prosthesis.

The authors present a preliminary progress report on their investigations dealing with the development of an implanted electronic laryngeal prosthesis system. Their initial observations indicate success in the design and fabrication of the implantable, retropharyngeal transducer and secondary induction coil elements. The surgical procedure for implantation is described, and the complications encountered during the first thirteen procedures are reported. These complications included five seromas, one postoperative abscess, one partial wound breakdown secondary to animal-inflicited traumn, and two anesthetic deaths at the time of follow-up radiographic procedures. Additional observations are presented regarding the acoustical output of the transducer in air and after implantation. Projections are made concerning the use of this laryngeal prosthesis system in human patients for vocal rehabilitation after total laryngectomy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neoglottic reconstruction after total laryngectomy: a preliminary report.

This paper is a preliminary report on neoglottic reconstruction of the larynx after total laryngectomy following the techniques described by Staffieri. Also included are general observations on the criteria for selecting candidates for this procedure. At the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, this procedure has been attempted on eight candidates. Reconstruction was accomplished in six, of whom five achieved satisfactory speech, providing an 80% success rate. One of the five did not like the quality of his voice and refused to use it. The sixth produced speech with difficulty and is still undergoing speech therapy. One patient died from recurrence before a second stage could be carried out, and another patient did not have sufficient tissue for neoglottic reconstruction after total laryngectomy. Three patients developed salivary fistulas at the drain site, but all closed spontaneously with the application of pressure. From this data, one may conclude that this technique offers much potential and warrants further study.

Aged↗