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Biomedical subjects

C M Herman

Publications and source records attributed to C M Herman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Upper abdominal wall defects: immediate or staged reconstruction?

One-stage reconstruction of the central and lower abdominal wall with vascularized tissue has been well described. A few cases of one-stage reconstruction of the upper abdomen also are reported. We attempted this procedure in six of seven patients who had large abdominal wall defects that reached the xiphoid process. In three patients, the intraabdominal parts of the procedures went well and the reconstructive goals were accomplished. In three other patients, prolonged and difficult intraabdominal operations resulted in considerable intestinal dilatation that compromised the reconstruction. We therefore recommend being prepared to abort a planned immediate abdominal wall reconstruction following a difficult intraabdominal operation. The abdomen should be temporarily closed with skin flaps, skin grafts, or absorbable mesh, and definitive reconstruction of the fascia should be done at a later operation.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1990

Influence of job characteristics and organizational commitment on job satisfaction of hospital foodservice employees.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships among job characteristics, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and demographic variables for hospital foodservice employees. Questionnaires including 30 items on job characteristics, 15 items on organizational commitment, 6 items related to job satisfaction, and 7 demographic items were administered to 45 supervisory and 172 nonsupervisory employees of 11 randomly selected hospitals. The reliability for the total instruments, using Cronbach's alpha, was 0.87 and 0.89, respectively, for the supervisory and nonsupervisory employee questionnaires. Organizational commitment and job satisfaction were related positively, with an r2 of 0.38. For supervisors, job characteristics related positively (p = .019) to organizational commitment, with variety being the only significant individual characteristic. For nonsupervisory employees, the model was also significant (p = .0001), with variety and feedback being the only significant individual characteristics. For all employees, there was a positive relationship between job characteristics and job satisfaction, with variety and feedback being the significant individual characteristics. Age was the only demographic variable related to organizational commitment; older employees had higher commitment scores. Demographic variables were not related to job satisfaction. Supervisors had higher perceived variety, autonomy, feedback, dealing with others, and friendship opportunities scores and higher commitment and satisfaction scores than did nonsupervisory employees. The findings indicate that dietitians and foodservice managers may increase organizational commitment and job satisfaction by increasing the variety and feedback in employees' jobs.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of potentially preventable deaths among pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities.

The prehospital, emergency department, and in-hospital care of 84 patients who died following a pedestrian- or bicycle-motor vehicle collision in a four-county area was retrospectively reviewed using a systematic, detailed scoring system. The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of an advanced paramedic-regionalized trauma care system and to examine the usefulness of a systematic evaluation tool in identifying preventable and possibly preventable deaths. Among the 84 deaths, one was judged to be preventable and 18 possibly preventable. The one preventable death occurred in the emergency department, while the possibly preventable deaths more commonly occurred after 48 hours and were due to central nervous system injury, sepsis, and multiple organ failure. Prolonged prehospital and emergency department time and failure to establish an airway were the most common problems identified as contributing to fatal outcome. The use of explicit criteria was demonstrated to be an effective addition to the analysis of trauma care systems.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1978

Oxygen consumption from fresh versus 21-day-old ACD whole blood.

The oxygen delivery capacity of fresh whole blood was compared with that of 21-day-old blood in an isolated, perfused canine hindlimb preparation. At the outset, 21-day-old blood was found to have depressed levels of 2,3 DPG and higher p50's relative to those of freshly procured blood, implying an increased oxygen affinity of the former product. Despite this, oxygen consumption from 21-day-old blood was not demonstrated to be significantly different than that from fresh blood. It is concluded that significant improvement in oxygen delivery capacity alone should not be construed as justification for the choice of fresh over older blood clinical replacement therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Distribution of the hematozoa of Neotropical birds.

The literature pertaining to the prevalence of avian hematozoa in the Neotropics, together with unpublished records from the files of the International Reference Centre for Avian Haematozoa, has been examined with respect to the distribution of parasite genera by host family and region. The blood parasites of 35555 birds of 955 species (80 families) occurring in the Neotropics formed the basis for the comparisons. Only 3743 (10.5%) individuals harbored one or more species of hematozoa. Haemoproteus was the most commonly observed form exhibiting a 7.4% prevalence, followed by Plasmodium (1.9%), microfilaria (1.2%), Trypanosoma (0.6%), and Leucocytozoon (0.2%). Hematozoan prevalence varied markedly from region to region and among families. In comparison with a similar review of Nearctic avian hematozoan distribution, the Neotropics demonstrated a much lower prevalence and a near absence of Leucocytozoon.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The effect of complement depletion on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hemodynamic and hematologic changes in the Rhesus monkey.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from Salmonella minnesota R595 or from Escherichia coli 0111:B4 induces hypotension in rhesus monkeys with normal complement levels. This hypotension is accompanied by decreased total peripheral resistance. The depletion of C3 and terminal complement components by prior intraperitoneal administration of the anticomplementary protein cobra factor did not alter the hemodynamic changes which occur following the rapid injection of 5 mg/kg of R595 LPS, the infusion of 500 microgram/kg of R595 LPS, or the injection of 500 microgram/kg of 0111:B4 LPS. We conclude that the LPS-induced hemodynamic changes in the subhuman primate are medicated by pathways which do not require the participation of C3. The kinetics and extent of the neutropenia and thrombocytopenia resulting from the injection of 0111:B4 or R595 LPS were not latered by prior depletion of greater than 95% of the plasma C3.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Citrate anticoagulation and cell washing for intraoperative autotransfusion in the baboon.

Extracorporeal citrate was used for anticoagulation during autotransfusion of baboons. A cell-washing plasmaphoresis procedure was added in one group of animals in order to remove activated clotting materials. Both groups became hypocoagulable, but the cell-washed group had less evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation as well as lower plasma hemoglobin levels. Citrate anticoagulation plus cell washing is a potential alternative to heparinization for autotransfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Communicating drug information to physicians.

In this paper the authors present a review of the multitudinous studies of researchers who have attempted to identify the sources of drug information utilized by physicians. Consideration is given to both professional sources (for example, journal articles, colleagues, meetings, and pharmacists) and commercial sources (for example, detailmen, journal advertisements, mail advertisements, and samples). Also included is a discussion of the relationship between physicians' sources of drug information and their choice of drugs and of the relationship between the sources of information and the severity of the conditions being treated. The paper concludes with a brief review of some of the new sources of drug information being considered for utilization by the Food and Drug Administration.

Communication↗