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Biomedical subjects

C M Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to C M Nelson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A combination of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific murine monoclonal antibodies exhibits synergistic antiviral activity in vitro.

A combination of HCMV-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reactive with glycoproteins in gcI complexes which exhibit synergistic antiviral activity in vitro is described. MAbs directed against different structural and biological properties of HCMV have been selected to increase the antiviral activity against all possible strains, and to reduce the likelihood that resistant strains will emerge with prolonged exposure. Furthermore, in vitro analysis demonstrates that certain of the MAbs in the combination augment the virus-neutralizing activity of other component antibodies, thereby decreasing the amount of total antibody protein required to inhibit HCMV infection. Certain MAbs have been selected to inactivate extracellular virus during the early phase of HCMV infection, whereas others have been selected to prevent its spread once cells have been infected. These data suggest that a MAb cocktail may be useful for prophylaxis and treatment of patients at risk of life-threatening HCMV infections.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

High-pressure, high-temperature bioreactor for comparing effects of hyperbaric and hydrostatic pressure on bacterial growth.

We describe a high-pressure reactor system suitable for simultaneous hyperbaric and hydrostatic pressurization of bacterial cultures at elevated temperatures. For the deep-sea thermophile ES4, the growth rate at 500 atm (1 atm = 101.29 kPa) and 95 degrees C under hydrostatic pressure was ca. three times the growth rate under hyperbaric pressure and ca. 40% higher than the growth rate at 35 atm.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1991

The human antibody response to streptococcal C5a peptidase.

An ELISA was developed to measure antibody, both IgG and IgA, against the streptococcal C5a peptidase (SCP), in human sera and saliva. Generally, sera and saliva from young, uninfected children lacked antibody to SCP. In contrast, most sera and saliva specimens from healthy adults had measurable levels of anti-SCP IgG and SCP-specific secretory IgA (anti-SCP sIgA). Paired acute and convalescent sera from patients with streptococcal pharyngitis possessed significantly higher levels of anti-SCP IgG than did sera from healthy individuals. Sera containing high concentrations of anti-SCP immunoglobulin were capable of neutralizing SCP activity. A survey of healthy adults and children also showed that the latter were significantly less likely to have anti-SCP sIgA in their saliva. Detection of this antibody in greater than 90% of the saliva specimens obtained from children who had recently experienced streptococcal pharyngitis demonstrated that children can produce a secretory response. This is thought to be the first report of a secretory IgA response in humans to a somatic antigen of Streptococcus pyogenes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Management of benign ureteral structures: open surgical repair or endoscopic dilation?

We reviewed 20 cases of ureteral strictures, 15 of which were secondary to ureteral trauma. Of the patients 6 were managed initially by open repair and 14 underwent endoscopic manipulation. All 6 open repairs were successful, compared to 9 of the 14 patients who underwent endoscopic dilation of the ureteral stricture. Of the 5 failures 3 were due to the inability to cannulate the strictured ureter with a guide wire and 2 failed to respond to balloon dilation. Of these 5 patients 4 were treated successfully by an open operation. There were no serious intraoperative or postoperative complications. The average hospitalization was less for the endoscopic group (2.1 days) compared to the open surgical group (8.3 days). Followup ranged from 6 to 48 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Antibody inhibition of HeLa cell invasion by Yersinia enterocolitica.

Antisera were prepared in rabbits against formalized and heat-killed bacteria of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:5,27 and against formalized bacteria of serotype O:8. Both strains used for immunization demonstrated adhesion to and invasion of HeLa cells. Coating of the bacteria with antibody did not greatly alter adhesion (i.e., extracellular attachment) to HeLa cells; however, antibody against formalized bacteria of both serotypes inhibited HeLa cell invasion by the homologous and heterologous strains. The Fab fragments from purified immunoglobulins also demonstrated cross-reacting inhibition of HeLa cell invasion. Antibody against heat-killed bacteria of serotype O:5,27 had no inhibitory activity. Adsorption of the antiserum against formalized bacteria of serotype O:5,27 with lipopolysaccharide from the homologous strain removed anti-lipopolysaccharide antibody but did not remove the inhibitory activity. The antiserum against formalized bacteria of serotype O:8 showed no antibody against lipopolysaccharide from serotype O:5,27 and no agglutinins against heat-killed bacteria of this strain. From these results, it is tentatively suggested that protein structures are important in mediating epithelial cell invasion by Y. enterocolitica.

Adsorption↗