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Biomedical subjects

C M Weldon-Linne

Publications and source records attributed to C M Weldon-Linne.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Clinical characteristics of seven cases of diarrhea associated with a novel acid-fast organism in the stool.

In the last 4 years, we have identified an acid-fast, autofluorescent organism in the stool of seven patients with diarrhea. The organism was identified as a cyanobacterium-like organism by the Centers for Disease Control (Atlanta) and as a coccidian by researchers in Peru and at the University of Arizona (Tucson). We present reports on the seven cases and a review of the literature. Three patients were known to be seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). All complained of watery diarrhea that had begun 3 days to 8 months before presentation. Colonoscopy in two patients showed a normal mucosal pattern; a biopsy for one of these patients showed chronic nonspecific inflammation of the colon. Examination of stool for ova and parasites revealed multiple oval and round nonrefractile organisms with well-defined walls that resembled large cryptosporidia; they measured 8-9 microns in diameter. These organisms did not stain by Giemsa or gram methods but were acid-fast by Kinyoun carbolfuchsin and Ziehl-Neelsen stains. The organisms fluoresced as blue under ultraviolet light. In the immunocompetent patients, diarrhea lasted an average of 19 days and resolved spontaneously. Diarrhea persisted in the HIV-seropositive patients. The clinical course and organism resembled those reported for travelers and HIV-seropositive patients. This organism may represent a newly identified cause of watery diarrhea in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Acanthamoeba infection presenting as skin lesions in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Acanthamoeba organisms are a well-known, although rare, cause of central nervous system infection in immunodeficient hosts, including those with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Extracerebral acanthamebiasis, with the exception of contact lens-associated keratitis, is reported but little emphasized in the literature. We describe two patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in whom skin lesions were the primary manifestations of Acanthamoeba infection. Central nervous system disease was proved in one patient and suspected, but unproved, in the other. The skin lesions exhibited an intact epidermis with suppurative inflammation of the subcutis, associated with numerous amebic cysts and trophozoites. The amebic cyst walls stained with periodic acid-Schiff and Gomori's methenamine-silver stains, creating confusion with Blastomyces dermatitidis yeast in one instance. Immunofluorescence studies and culture identified the organisms as an Acanthamoeba species. Preliminary studies in one of the cases suggested a previously undescribed Acanthamoeba species as the etiologic agent. Our experience emphasizes that skin lesions may be the presenting sign of disseminated Acanthamoeba infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed1990

Bronchoscopy specimens in adults with AIDS. Comparative yields of cytology, histology and culture for diagnosis of infectious agents.

Bronchoscopy specimens from 183 known/suspected acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients were evaluated for pathogens. In each case, transbronchial biopsies were evaluated and bronchoalveolar lavage material was cultured for viruses, fungi and mycobacteria and examined cytologically. A specimen was considered positive for a pathogen if detected by any one of the methods (TBB or BALC or culture). BALC was more sensitive for Pneumocystis carinii than TBB (90 of 92 vs 67 of 80 cases). TBB and BALC had poor sensitivities for cytomegalovirus detection (six of 79 and ten of 91 cases, respectively): 80 of 91 CMV cases were detected by culture only. Nineteen of 26 MB cases were positive by culture only: BALC and TBB detected only three of 26 and five of 23 cases, respectively. Three cryptococcosis cases were detected by culture only. One coccidioidomycosis case was positive by BALC and culture. Culture and BALC in combination detected 212 of 216 all significant pathogens. We believe that TBB is not routinely necessary in AIDS-related bronchoscopies in the absence of suspicion of neoplasia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in a general prenatal population.

Controversy surrounds the issue of screening for the human immunodeficiency virus in pregnancy. The question remains: Which pregnant women should be tested? To answer this question, it is clear that local prevalence data of seropositivity must be known. At present, these figures are unavailable for midwestern metropolitan areas such as ours. Therefore an obstetric human immunodeficiency virus screening committee was formed to determine the prevalence of seropositivity of this virus in our obstetric clinic population. During a 14-month period of time all patients registering for prenatal care were offered human immunodeficiency virus antibody testing. A total of 585 out of 751 patients (78%) gave informed consent. Forty-two of these patients had risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus infection. The rate of seropositivity in this group was 7.1% (3 of 42). The remaining 543 patients had no risk factors and none of these patients had positive test results. From our preliminary results, screening only those prenatal patients with identified risk factors appears to be justified.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Peliosis hepatis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

We report two cases of peliosis hepatis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Hepatic tissue, obtained by needle biopsy from one patient and at postmortem examination from a second patient, demonstrated lesions grossly and microscopically consistent with previous descriptions of peliosis. Peliotic lesions were also identified in the spleen and porta hepatis lymph nodes in the second case. In at least one of the cases, peliosis was thought to play a significant role in the patient's morbidity and ultimate demise. Peliosis hepatis should be included in the differential diagnosis of hepatic disease among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Type II pneumocytes in pulmonary tumors. Implications for histogenesis.

Bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (n = 45), intravascular bronchiolo-alveolar tumors (n = 8), and sclerosing hemangiomas of the lung (n = 2) were stained for surfactant apoprotein by the immunoperoxidase method. Of the bronchiolo-alveolar carcinomas, 12 were found to be carcinomas of type II pneumocytes and the remaining 33 tumors were designated as nontype II pneumocytic bronchiolo-alveolar carcinomas. Twenty-five of these tumors displayed trapped benign type II pneumocytes within the tumor masses. In the case of intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumors, none of the tumors demonstrated staining of tumor cells for surfactant apoprotein. In the two cases of sclerosing hemangiomas, the type II pneumocytes were exuberant and numerous, and in one case contained intranuclear inclusions of surfactant apoprotein. This article discusses the implication of the presence of benign type II pneumocytes in pulmonary tumors.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1983

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of a case with a rapidly fatal outcome following surgery.

In 1979, researchers described a series of young patients with clinically and histologically distinctive supratentorial gliomas which were designated pleomorphic (meningocerebral) xanthoastrocytomas (PXA). Significantly, patients with these neoplasms were reported to have a relatively favorable prognosis. The authors present a new case of PXA in a 32-year-old man. This case is unique for two reasons: (1) a relatively rapid fatal outcome with death 21 months after diagnosis; and (2) the presence, at autopsy, of extensive recurrent tumor with features of a malignant astrocytoma. Detailed electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies, supporting the proposed subpial astrocytic origin of PXA, are presented. Literature pertaining to PXA is reviewed. This report illustrates the unique features of PXA and demonstrates its potential for aggressive behavior.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1983

Malignant Brenner tumor of the ovary. Electron microscopic study of a case responsive to radiation and chemotherapy.

A patient with malignant Brenner tumor of the ovary is presented. The tumor responded to combined therapy with radiation plus doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide despite earlier failure on a single alkylating agent (levophenylalanine mustard). The patient next exhibited a brief response to chemotherapy with hexamethylmelamine + cyclophosphamide + amethopterin + 5-fluorouracil. The histologic findings and ultrastructure of the tumor are discussed in detail. The morphologic features are consistent with the proposed origin of Brenner tumors from coelomic epithelium through a process of secondary urothelial metaplasia.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Benign ovarian cystic teratomas with homunculi.

Two benign ovarian cystic teratomas, each containing a partial human body-like structure (homunculus), are described. One was found in a 30-year-old woman, and the second occurred in a prepubertal 10-year-old girl. Each of the 2 homunculi resembled the lower half of a miniature human body with buttocks, a pair of legs with recognizable feet, and a phallus-like structure in the anterior midline. A relatively well-developed osteocartilagenous skeleton was identified in each of the specimens. The literature pertaining to these so-called fetiform teratomas is reviewed. Only 17 previous cases have been described or mentioned in the English-language literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Angiogenic nature of the "intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor" of the lung: an electron microscopic study.

An intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor of lung (IVBAT) was studied with electron microscopy. Based on ultrastructural evidence and information obtained from the literature, we propose the following: (1) IVBAT is a true pulmonary neoplasm with distinctive morphologic features; (2) it consists of cells with endothelial characteristics and is probably derived from multipotential mesenchymal reserve cells; (3) it is not related to the typical bronchioloalveolar tumor of lung; (4) a more appropriate designation for this unusual pulmonary neoplasm is "sclerosing angiogenic tumor."

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗