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Biomedical subjects

C Mäder

Publications and source records attributed to C Mäder.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Use of an in vitro absorption model system for predicting sustained release of verapamil.

It is shown that it is possible to characterize sustained release formulations in vitro using not only dissolution data but also an absorption model system. The mean dissolution time (MDT) has been shown to be a suitable parameter for evaluating sustained release formulations in vitro. t1/2 and mean residence time (MRT) have been shown to be convenient pharmacokinetic parameters for characterizing sustained release formulations. For comparing in vitro and in vivo results the quotients MDT normal/MDT retard and MRT normal/MRT retard do seem to be useful.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Decrease in LDL and increase in HDL concentrations in type II hyperlipoproteinaemic patients on low-dose combination therapy of cholestyramine and Complamin.

A low-dose combination of Complamin retard (1 g t.i.d.) and cholestyramine (4 g b.i.d.) was compared with each agent alone in 2 serial open trials without dietary restriction using type IIa and IIb hyperlipoproteinaemic patients. Complamin alone produced decreases in LDL and VLDL cholesterol concentrations (up to 20%) whereas cholestyramine alone produced only a modest reduction in LDL (up to 15%). The combination produced marked, progressive reductions in total cholesterol (up to 35%) and LDL (up to 40%); reductions in VLDL (up to 45%), total triglyceride (up to 60%) and free fatty acids (up to 60%) were found only in type IIb patients. The average increase in HDL-cholesterol from the 2 studies for combination therapy was 35%. No side-effects were reported or measured and compliance was excellent. The results demonstrate the potential of a method of achieving beneficial actions on lipoprotein levels with a well-tolerated therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Human neutrophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes display different levels of c-fos proto-oncogene expression: an in situ hybridization study.

The cellular homologue of the retroviral oncogene v-fos has been shown to be involved in cell differentiation of hematopoietic cells. By use of the human promyelocyte cell line HL-60, several in vitro differentiation studies suggested a selective activation of c-fos during monocytic differentiation of myeloid precursor cells. In contrast to these observations, we found high levels of c-fos mRNA in purified normal human granulocytes, whereas c-fos was only faintly expressed in blood monocytes. In situ hybridization revealed that the high level of c-fos expression is restricted to neutrophilic granulocytes, whereas c-fos transcription is not detectable in eosinophilic granulocytes. These results indicate that in vitro differentiation systems can be misleading and may not reflect the in vivo situation. The high level of c-fos expression in neutrophilic granulocytes may be caused by superinduction due to the reduced capacity for protein synthesis in these cells.

Eosinophils↗
PubMed1978

Efficacy of hypolipidemic treatment in inhibition of experimental atherosclerosis: the effect of nicotinic acid and related compounds.

The hypolipidemic and antiatherogenic effects of different nicotinic acid derivatives were studied. Five rabbit groups maintained on an atherogenic diet were given simultaneously various nicotinic acid derivatives (50 mg/kg body weight/day): nicotinic acid, Xantinol-nicotinate, beta-pyridylcarbinol or Pirozadil (bis-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate, 2,6-pyridindiyldimethylene). All 4 compounds showed a clear hypocholesterolemic and antiatherogenic effect, as measured by serum cholesterol, and by planimetric evaluation of the aortic lesions in terms of percent surface area affected in the aortas and coronary lumen. The simultaneously observed elevation of the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio of the aortic tissue possibly indicates an antiatherogenic effect of these changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Therapy of hyperlipoproteinemia type II with Xantinol-nicotinate (author's transl)].

In 61 out-patients with hyperlipoproteinemia type II the action of 50 mg Xantinol-nicotinate per kg body weight on lipids of plasma and lipoproteins was investigated in a three week trial. The results of six patients had been discharged: two patients failed to attend the follow-up examinations, in four patients a lipid lowering effect could not be demonstrated. 40 Type IIa patients and 15 Type IIb patients were examined. In this two groups cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides of plasma were significantly lowered. In Type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia mainly the LDL lipids and in Type IIb additionally the VLDL lipids decreased. In Type IIb patients the decrease of lipids were more rapid than in Type IIa patients. This effect is interpreted by the short half life of VLDL. Withdrawel of the drug resulted in an increase of the lipids to the mean values of the untreated patients within ten days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Diagnosis of primary hyperlipoproteinemia in umbilical cord blood (author's transl)].

The aim of the present investigation was to assay the frequency of primary dyslipoproteinemia in a random sample of one hundred newborns and to describe the minimal methodical requirements for sound diagnosis. After comparison of different methods total lipids were determined by gravimetry, cholesterol and triglycerides by enzymatic methods, nonesterified fatty acids by direct colorimetry; phospholipids were estimated indirectly. All measurements were applied to umbilical cord sera and to lipoprotein fractions separated by selective precipitation. The diagnosis of hyperlipoproteinemia type IV, which is the most frequent one in adults, is highly afflicted with pitfalls in the postnatal period. A primary hyper-alpha-liproteinemia occured in one case and type II-hyperlipoproteinemia in two cases, one of the parents being involved in each case. For mass screening triglycerides should be assayed in serum and cholesterol in precipitated and resolubilized LDL-fraction, for which the minimal requirements are described.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1976

[Xantinol-nicotinate in primary type-V hyperlipoproteinaemia (author's transl)].

The effect of xantinol-nicotinate (50 mg/kg body-weight) on serum lipids and lipoproteins was tested in 16 out-patients with primary type V hyperlipoproteinaemia. The lipids and lipoproteins were measured before treatment, during a three-week period of drug administration and ten days after it had been stopped. There were no side effects such as flushing or gastritis, and no notable reduction of weight. Each serum-lipid fraction (triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, phospholipids, ester-cholesterol and free cholesterol) decreased significantly, regaining the initial values ten days after the drug had been stopped. While chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) decreased, there was a significant increase in low-density lipoproteins (LDL). High-density lipoproteins were not significantly changed. The decrease in chylomicrons and the significant decrease in VLDL with xantinol-nicotinate was opposite to that seen with dietary treatment. In none of the patients did LDL increase to abnormally high levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Corneal arcus and hyperlipoproteinemia (author's transl)].

In 60 patients with corneal arcus the incidence of hyperlipoproteinemia was examined by serum lipid and lipoprotein analysis. An elevation of the serum lipid, or lipoprotein contents was found in every patient. 52 patients showed a primary type II hyperlipoproteinemia, three had a type IV, and one a type V pattern. In three cases hyperlipoproteinemia was found to be secondary to a severe cholestasis. The results show that the occurrence of corneal arcus in nearly every subject under 50 years of age and in most subjects over 50 years of age is highly suggestive of the presence of type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Until atherosclerotic complications appear, the course of the type II hyperlipoproteinemia is lingering and shows poor symptoms. Therefore, corneal arcus is of special importance for the early detection of this type of hyperlipoproteinemia.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Disc-electrophoretic protein pattern of cervical mucus in cases of humoral sensitization against spermatozoa.

Midcycle cerevical mucus samples from 20 fertile women with negative, and from 6 infertile women with positive serum-sperm agglutinating activity were subjected to a qualitative protein analysis by the Ouchterlony-technique, to polyacrylamide (PAA) discelectrophoresis and after purification on spermatozoa they were also run against rabbit antihuman serum in the Laurell immuno-electrophoretic technique. By the Ouchterlony method the main serum protein fractions were shown to occur also in cervical mucus. No significant differences could be found in the protein pattern of samples from fertile and infertile females as detected by polyacrylamide (PAA) electrophoresis. In all samples a split protein fraction corresponding to serum albumin and a band preceding the protein fraction corresponding to serum preablumin were observed. In 2 samples from infertile females it could be demonstrated that immunoglobulins occurring in the cervical mucus were directed towards antigenic sperm components.

Cervix Mucus↗
PubMed1975

[Lipid constellation in low density lipoproteins of primary type II hyperlipoproteinemia (author's transl)].

The lipid composition of purified low density lipoproteins (LDL) was investigated in normal subjects and in type II a and b hyperlipoproteinemia. A significant increase of ester cholesterol in LDL of type II a patients and a decrease of phospholipids in LDL of type II b patients as compared with normal controls, were encountered. The results are compared with other reports from the literature and discussed with regard to the disturbance of LDL metabolism in type II hyperlipoproteinemia.

Adolescent↗