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Biomedical subjects

C Martín Cantera

Publications and source records attributed to C Martín Cantera.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Tackling tobacco dependency among a Health District's employees].

OBJECTIVE: To find the view of health and ancillary staff about tobacco consumption in Health Centres, smokers' profiles, and their degree of motivation to give up. DESIGN: Observational and crossover study.Setting. Primary Care district in the city of Barcelona (Eixample District). PARTICIPANTS: All the health and ancillary staff in the District (n=932). MEASUREMENTS: Personal questionnaire with anonymous reply on: personal details, tobacco habit, view on the function of example, compliance with regulations in force, and their attitude to tobacco in the work-place. MAIN RESULTS: 52% replied; 68.4% were women, with average age 46.9 (SD 9.9). 26.5% smoked; 43.8% had never smoked and 29.6% were ex-smokers. 87.5% thought example an important function; 68.1%, that prohibition signs were insufficient; 72.8%, that legal regulations were not complied with; 77.2% thought space should be reserved for smokers; and 61.2% were annoyed that there was smoking in the centre. 63.9% of the health staff counselled smoker patients as a matter of course. There was greater prevalence of smokers among clerical staff, nurses and the "others" group. Smokers consumed 16.6 cigarettes per day (SD 9.5), had been smoking for 23.2 years (SD 9.6). 54.3% had tried at least once to give it up. 59.1% had high dependency and 76.7% had high motivation. 64.8% would participate in activities to stop smoking and 72.4% thought that their employers should provide assistance. CONCLUSIONS: Those surveyed thought that example was an important function, signs were insufficient and the regulations in force were not respected. Half the smokers would be interested in taking part in activities to help them give up and think the company should help them.

Female↗
PubMed2000

[Design of a method for the evaluation of clinical competence in primary care].

OBJECTIVE: To measure clinical competence in primary care (PC). DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTING: Six PC teams in Barcelona. PARTICIPANTS: 25 family doctors volunteering out of a total of 60. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Three simulated visits took place on three different days, allocated at random as a prior appointment for hypertension. Clinical competence was measured through the Miller criteria, a method with open short-reply questions combining the clinical interview with standardised patients (SP), review of clinical histories (CH) and doctor's self-evaluation (DS). The following components of competence (CC) were evaluated: anamnesis, physical examination, further tests, differential diagnosis, management, clinical history and communication. 22 doctors completed the study. Each CC was weighted by a group of experts, who also agreed two minimum levels of competence, 50% and 60%. Each doctor's final score was the result of the addition of each of the three cases divided by the maximum score possible. The CC values were always higher with SP than otherwise. 63.3% of doctors surpassed the 60% mark, and 90.9% the 50% mark. Internal consistency, measured with Cronbach's alpha, was 0.94, 0.73 and 0.67 for each clinical case. The kappa reproduction test was 0.25. CONCLUSIONS: The use of SP is a good method of evaluation, as it enables anamnesis, management of the patient, physical examination and communication to be assessed. The study is very reliable, with low reproduction, which is probably due to the few cases used.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1997

[Mid-term evaluation of a help program for smokers].

BACKGROUND: Medical counsel to smokers is an intervention that has proved useful to motivate smokers to stop smoking. This study pretends evaluate the long-term impact (2 years and 9 months) of systematic and structured health counsel on the smoke habit from the primary health care. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In April 1990, in four primary care centers from Barcelona and Zaragoza, Spain, a program of systematic counselling to stop smoking with an offer of subsequent follow-up was initiated in all adult smokers (15-65 years of age). According to the answer, every patient was classified on one of seven established categories that allowed a individualized follow-up. Data from the total population included in the program from the beginning till January 1993, are analyzed. RESULTS: From 683 known smokers (59.2% males and 40.8% women), 20 were excluded for different reasons and 343 were included in the program (56.4% cover). Average age of included smokers was 35.1 years (SE = 0.6) and average number of visits of 5.3 (SE = 0.2) which was significantly higher than those not included in the program (33.4; SE = 0.6, and 2.7; SE = 0.1). An average follow-up of 14.3 months (SE = 0.5) and of 2.6 (SE = 0.1) interventions on each individual were done. The average daily number of cigarettes was 18.4 (SE = 0.6) in the initial period and 13.3 (SE = 0.6) on the last program evaluation. The final answers showed a 18.1% of quitters and a decrease of more than 50% on the initial consume on 32.6%. In 12% the answer was negative. CONCLUSIONS: Programs of systematic help for smokers show a higher level of favourable responses than does normal counselling.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The annual evaluation of a program to aid the smoker].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact over a year of a systematic, structured intervention with smokers, called the Smokers' Aid Project (SAP), at a primary care centre in Barcelona. DESIGN: Observational study with a descriptive intervention. SETTING: Urban primary care centre. PATIENTS AND OTHERS PARTICIPANTS: Between April, 1990, and March, 1991, every adult (over 15) who smoked more than one cigarette a day was counselled verbally and/or in writing. The different replies were placed into eight groups and a personal follow-up was made for each category. The groups were: winner, reduction, alone, with help, doubtful, backslider, negative and pending. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: There was a follow-up on 178 people. Among those monitored, the initial cigarette average was 15.0 (SD 11.4) and the final, 12.45 (SD 11.45). The response was favorable (winner or reduction) in 35.4%, with 10.6% showing a favorable attitude (alone and with help) and 16.3% showing a negative response. A follow-up programme of 7.5 months (SD 3.5) was implemented, with an average of 1.82 (SD 1.05) interventions for each individual. CONCLUSIONS: Programmes of systematic help to the smoker appear to provide more favorable responses than isolated counselling. The SAP can be put into practice within our Primary Care system, although effectiveness will have to be assessed over longer-term follow-ups.

Adolescent↗