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Biomedical subjects

C Mayes

Publications and source records attributed to C Mayes.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Paediatric renal transplantation in Northern Ireland (1984-1998).

Over the last 20 years a comprehensive paediatric nephrology service has been developed in Northern Ireland, based in the academic medical unit at the Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children (RBHSC). In the 15 years 1984-1998 a total of 77 renal transplants have taken place in patients aged 18 years and under. Initially transplants were only considered in children over five years of age but in the past eight years children as young as two years have successfully received kidneys. Aggressive nutritional support combined with peritoneal dialysis has enabled survival to a size when transplantation is feasible. The 5 year graft survival was 64%, with two children dying following transplantation. The complexity of managing this age group is reflected by the fact that a total of 10 transplants (13%) failed in the first 30 days. These figures compare favourably with statistics reported by similar paediatric centres from across the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, and with local results in adult patients. This demonstrates that a successful end stage renal replacement programme for children is achievable in a relatively small population, which is geographically isolated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Low dose hypersensitivity in the T98G human glioblastoma cell line.

PURPOSE: To examine the low dose-response of a human radioresistant glioblastoma cell line (T98G) using two different methods to measure surviving fraction and to define the influence of cell cycle phase on this response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survival of cells following exposure to single very low doses of X-rays in vitro was measured using either the Dynamic Microscopic Image Processing Scanner (DMIPS) or a Cell Sorter (CS). The DMIPS was also used to measure the low dose survival response of T98G cells following manipulation of their progression through the cell cycle. RESULTS: With both methods, T98G demonstrated marked low dose hyper-radiosensitivity (HRS) and the two methods produced very similar data in the low dose region of the survival curve. However, the CS protocol produced less variable results and was the more efficient method of generating low dose data. HRS was also demonstrated when these cells were irradiated while held in reversible arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, but the effect was less marked than in the asynchronous population. CONCLUSIONS: T98G glioblastoma cells demonstrate marked HRS, which is a characteristic of the whole population rather than being due to the influence of a small subpopulation of hyper-radiosensitive cells within a particular phase of the cell cycle.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1997

A scoring system for the prediction of successful delivery in low-risk birthing units.

OBJECTIVE: To establish and test the effectiveness of a low-risk scoring system to predict obstetric outcome for the selection of women suitable for confinement in low-intervention units. METHODS: Retrospective analyses were performed on data from 2900 women enrolled in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort Study and 1353 women managed at a midwifery-based birth center. A combination of the principal predictors of obstetric outcome, incorporating a previously published scoring system and various clinical features, was used to exclude high-risk cases at 18 weeks' and 36 weeks' gestation. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analyses of the remaining pregnancies then produced a low-risk scoring system. RESULTS: This system predicted a 55% chance of an uncomplicated delivery in a midwifery-based setting after allocating 54% of women to the low-risk category. It predicted an 82% chance of an uncomplicated delivery in a primary medical care setting with the allocation of 84% of women as low risk. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that adding induction and augmentation of labor, together with low pelvic instrumental delivery, to the treatment options in a low-intervention unit would raise the rate of successful confinement within the unit from 55% to 82%. Our scoring system now requires prospective evaluation to further assess its clinical value.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Myocardial rupture. Your patient's survival may depend on you.

Myocardial rupture is the second leading cause of in-hospital death from acute myocardial infarction. It is most likely to occur in the elderly, women, and patients with transmural infarction and no previous history of angina. A high index of suspicion is critical to the diagnosis. Myocardial rupture should be suspected when recurrent chest pain or hemodynamic instability develops after myocardial infarction. Rapid intervention and appropriate infarct-limiting therapy may reduce the mortality rate of this catastrophic complication.

Female↗
PubMed1990

A comparison of the efficacy, safety and withdrawal effects of zopiclone and triazolam in the treatment of insomnia.

A double-blind study comparing zopiclone and triazolam, in 48 healthy, chronic insomniacs, was undertaken in two centers to compare the hypnotic and withdrawal effects of both compounds. Comparable doses of 7.5 mg zopiclone and 0.25 mg triazolam were given at bedtime for 21 nights after a 3 day wash-out period, followed by 4 placebo nights of withdrawal monitoring. During the investigation, a 17 item post-sleep questionnaire was completed daily, the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale weekly, and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) at baseline and at the end of the study. Withdrawal effects were evaluated with a withdrawal symptom checklist and the CGI (withdrawal). Results indicated that both compounds improved sleep and were equally effective. However, a larger number of triazolam subjects withdrew from the study because of ineffectiveness or adverse side-effects. A greater number of zopiclone subjects experienced a transient modification of taste which disappeared with discontinuation of therapy. Significant deterioration in nearly all sleep parameters were noted after the first withdrawal night of triazolam; much fewer modifications of sleep parameters were observed following the discontinuation of zopiclone.

Adolescent↗