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Biomedical subjects

C Milan

Publications and source records attributed to C Milan.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Strain dependence of rat macrophage natural tumoricidal capacity and its stimulation by endotoxins.

Without known stimulation in vivo and in vitro, resident peritoneal macrophages from 5 conventional or specific pathogen-free (SPF) rat strains [Hairless (H), BDIX, Wistar (W), Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Long-Evans (LE)] exhibited an in vitro strain-dependent cytolysis against DHD-K12/TS cancer cells. This natural cytolysis was also observed when polymyxin B was added to the culture medium. The percentage of natural cytolysis varied from one rat to another but was significantly different according to the strain. In the presence of 10 micrograms endotoxin/ml, macrophages from BDIX, W, SD and LE rats were always cytolytic, whilst those of H rats were irregularly cytolytic. Endotoxins induced or increased macrophage-mediated cytolysis from H, BDIX, W and SD rats, but they were without effect for LE rats. The endotoxin effect depended on the level of natural cytolysis. In contrast to mouse resident peritoneal macrophages, which were not naturally cytolytic and not activated in vitro by endotoxins, these results show that rat resident peritoneal macrophages can be naturally cytolytic. This cytolysis can be enhanced by endotoxins as the sole in vitro stimulus. Rat macrophage natural cytolytic activity is strain-dependent.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Cytolytic activity of macrophages from 5 strains of rats].

Resident peritoneal macrophages from 5 conventional or pathogen-free rat strains, without in vivo or in vitro stimulation, were generally tumoricidal in vitro against tumor cells: this spontaneous cytolysis rate varied from one rat to another but was significantly different according to the strains. Endotoxins induced or increased macrophage-mediated cytolysis from BDIX, Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats; they were without effect on those from Long-Evans rats and their effect was irregular on Sprague-Dawley Hairless macrophages. Endotoxin effect depended on natural cytolysis intensity.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Cancers of the rectum and colon in the Côte-d'Or department: treatment, prognosis].

The population based registry of digestive cancers in the french county of Côte-d'Or enables a study of the treatment and prognosis of colorectal cancers. During 1976-1981, 587 rectal cancers and 717 colon cancers were diagnosed. Curative resection was performed in 61 p. 100 of rectal and colon cancers. Operative mortality after curative resection was 9.7 p. 100 for rectal cancers and 13.1 p. 100 for colon cancers. The overall 5 year observed survival rate was 26.5 p. 100 for rectal cancers and 29.8 p. 100 for colon cancers. After curative surgery, 5 year corrected survival rates was 57.2 p. 100 for rectal cancers and 66.9 p. 100 for colon cancers. Five year survival rate was related to the topography of the cancer (it was lower for caecal cancers), to the macroscopic type of growth (it was higher for exophytic carcinomas than for infiltrative carcinomas) and to the size (it was higher for tumors less than 3 cm than for larger tumors). The major determinant of the survival was the pathological stage of the tumor. Patients with Dukes' A lesions at the time of curative surgery had almost the same life expectancy as persons without rectum or colon cancer. These data suggest that a substantial improvement in prognosis might result from earlier diagnosis of the disease. This commands modifications in the policy of detection of colorectal cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Colorectal cancer in the Department of Côte-d'Or].

The present study is based on the data of the digestive tract cancer registry set up for the French department of Cote d'Or (population 455,727). During 1976-1980, 581 colon cancers and 489 rectal cancers were diagnosed. They represent 47 per cent of all recorded gastro intestinal cancers. The annual adjusted incidence rates for colon cancers, adjusted to the world population were 17.5 for males, 13.3 for females. The corresponding rates for rectal cancers were 18.2 for males, 9.7 for females. These rates rank among the high rates found in North America and Western Europe. They are particularly high for rectal cancers. There was an urban predominance for colon cancer in males. Among colorectal cancers, 75 per cent were located in the rectum or sigmoid. Sixty-one per cent of the cases of large bowel cancer underwent curative surgery. The overall 5-year survival rate was 30.0 per cent for colon cancer, 27.4 per cent for rectal cancer. After curative surgery the 5 year survival rates were respectively 53.7 per cent and 47.8 per cent. The most important determinant of survival was the pathological stage of the tumour. These results underline the fact that by its frequency and its severity, colorectal cancer represents a major cancer problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Establishing a registry of malignant hemopathies in Côte-d'Or. Preliminary results].

A registry of malignant haematological diseases was established on January 1st 1980 in order to assess the incidence and epidemiologic features of these diseases in the department of Côte-d'Or (population 470 000). Information was collected from various sources (public or private laboratories, public or private hospitals and death certificates). During the course of two years (1980 and 1981) 194 news cases were recorded. This registry collects acute leukaemia, lymphoid and myeloid proliferative diseases, lymphomas in leukaemic phase and myelodysplastic syndromes. The crude incidence rates were 25.0/100,000 in men and 16.1/100,000 in women. Sex ratio : 1.5. Compared to other French population based registries the incidence is higher in Côte-d'Or, showing the value of specialised registries. The rates are similar to those reported in Geneva and Connecticut.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Postoperative radiotherapy of rectal cancer. A retrospective study within the population of the Department of Côte-d'Or].

The registry of digestive cancer set up for French department of Cote d'Or (455,727) collects all newly diagnosed cases of rectal cancers occurring among residents. It allows to study the place and the results of postoperative radiotherapy among Dukes' B and C patients. From 1976 to 1980 postoperative radiotherapy was theorically indicated in 177 patients. Ten of the 95 Dukes' B patients (10.5 p. 100) and 26 of the 82 Dukes' C patients (31.7 p. 100) were actually irradiated postoperatively (P less than 0.001). All of the studied variables (i.e. age, sex, operative procedure, number of lymph nodes containing metastases) were not statistically different between the two groups of patients. The mean size of the tumor was slightly larger in the group treated with radiotherapy. Minor reactions after radiotherapy were frequent. There were two major complications: a small bowel obstruction and a perineal abscess with chronic fistula. The probability of local recurrence was correlated with the stage of disease and the mode of treatment. Dukes' C patients showed a 5-year local recurrence rate of 30 p. 100 after surgery alone and of 0 p. 100 after surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (P less than 0.001). The corresponding 5-year local recurrence rates for Dukes' C patients were 75 p. 100 and 26 p. 100 (P less than 0.01). The risk of local recurrence increased regularly during the 4 years following surgery. The modes of treatment did not influence the risk of developing distant metastases. Survival curves were the same for patients treated with surgery only and patients treated with combined therapy. The only difference was the 5-year survival rate of Dukes' C patients: 25 p. 100 after surgery and postoperative radiotherapy and 12 p. 100 after surgery alone but the difference was not statistically significant.

Female↗
PubMed1982

[Factors of early prognosis in medically treated haemorrhages of upper gastrointestinal tract in cirrhotic patients. Statistical study (author's transl)].

In order to define immediate criteria of prognosis for patients with cirrhosis, hospitalized in emergency for upper gastrointestinal tract haemorrhage, 164 cases of haemorrhages medically treated were reviewed. A prognostic study of each variant points to the clinical, endoscopic and biological data connected with death. That study illustrates the prognostic value of traditional data. Patients who died within the first 30 days had a significantly higher incidence of hepatic encephalopathy, hematemesis, ascites, low blood pressure, bleeding oesophageal varices during endoscopy, hypoprothrombinemia, hyperbilirubinemia. Those who survived had a significantly higher incidence of aspirin intake, numerous haemorrhages, good state of health, non bleeding peptic ulcer. Several series of multivariant analysis: multiple regression and linear discrimination, differing from one another in variates were done. They have allowed identification of 11 variables used in establishing a prognostic index. In the series studied, it gives an 87% probability of correct differentiation. Such an index allows an objective estimate of the value and limits of a group of patients in which the efficiency of other treatments could be tested in controlled trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cancer of the esophagus. An incidence study of Côte d'Or (Burgundy).

The registry of digestive cancer set up for the French department of Côte d'Or (455, 727) enables a morbidity study about esophageal cancer to be made among residents. The crude animal incidence rate was 16.7/100,000 for males and 1.2/100,000 for females. Corresponding age-standardized rates were 13.2 and 0.5. The sex ratio is extremely high. Among other cancer registries Côte d'Or is in the intermediate range for males, and in the low range for females. 40% of tumors were in the middle third, 37% in the lower third, and 23% in the upper third. Most cancers were squamous cell carcinomas (94%). The risk of an associated aerodigestive tract tumor is important (16%). 10% of patients were operated upon for cure, 53% had radiotherapy. The 1 year crude survival rate was 25%.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[Factors of early prognosis in medically treated haemorrhages of upper gastrointestinal tract in cirrhotic patients. Statistical study (author's transl)].

In order to define immediate criteria of prognosis for patients with cirrhosis, hospitalized in emergency for upper gastrointestinal tract haemorrhage, 164 cases of haemorrhages medically treated were reviewed. A prognostic study of each variant points to the clinical endoscopic and biological data connected with death. That study illustrates the prognostic value of traditional data. Patients who died within the first 30 days had a significantly higher incidence of hepatic encephalopathy, hematemesis, ascites, low blood pressure, bleeding oesophageal varices during endoscopy,. hypoprothrombinemia, hyperbilirubinemia. Those who survived had a significantly higher incidence of aspirin intake, numerous haemorrhages, good state of health, non bleeding peptic ulcer. Several series of multivariant analysis : multiple regression and linear discrimination, differing from one another in variates were done. They have allowed identification of 11 variables used in establishing a prognostic index. In the series, it gives an 87% probability of correct differentiation. Such an index allows an objective estimate of the value and limits of a group of patients in which the efficiency of other treatments could be tested in controlled trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Emission computerized axial tomography from multiple gamma-camera views using frequency filtering.

Emission computerized axial tomography is achievable in any nuclear medicine department from multiple gamma camera views. Data are collected by rotating the patient in front of the camera. A simple fast algorithm is implemented, known as the convolution technique: first the projection data are Fourier transformed and then an original filter designed for optimizing resolution and noise suppression is applied; finally the inverse transform of the latter operation is back-projected. This program, which can also take into account the attenuation for single photon events, was executed with good results on phantoms and patients. We think that it can be easily implemented for specific diagnostic problems.

Brain↗
PubMed1980

Incidence of digestive tract cancers in a well defined population in France.

A systematic registration of mortality and morbidity from digestive tract cancers was started in January 1976 in the French department of Cote d'Or (population 455,727). In the course of 3 years 1356 newly diagnosed cases were recorded. In males cancer of the rectum is the most common digestive tract cancer, coming before cancer of the stomach and cancer of the colon. In females cancer of the colon prevails over cancer of the rectum and cancer of the stomach. The survey allows comparison with the incidence rate of digestive cancers in other countries. Results of treatment underline the lateness of diagnosis.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

[Congenital malformations. 1,238 cases of malformed infants in a 25-year (1950 to 1974) continuous series of 49,665 deliveries. Epidemiological and statistical study].

In a study carried on 25 years and about 50 000 births, the authors analyse 1 238 malformed children, with two purposes: 1. to determine a maternal population with high risk of malformations, in order to have a better survey and to look for many anomalies before the birth: 2. to make a "portrait" of the malformed child in order to suspect the existence of congenital anomalies during the obligatory examination in neo-natal time.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1979

Primary liver cancer in Cote d'Or (Burgundy). Results of three year's systematic registration in a well defined French population.

The registry of digestive tract cancers set up for the department of Cote d'Or (455, 727) was used to study primary liver cancer. The crude annual incidence rate was 10.4 per 100 000 for males, 2.3 per 100 000 for females. Among other cancer registries annual age standardized rates: 7.6 per 100 000 in males, 1.4 per 100 000 in females are in the intermediate range, close to the figure reported in Geneva and higher than incidence rates reported elsewhere in Europe. Most cancers were hepatocullular carcinomas (83%). Significant etiological factors were the sex ratio (5, 4), alcoholic cirrhosis associated with primary liver cancer in 61% of the patients. The one year crude survival rate was 8%.

Europe↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[General practitioners' experience in a mass screening campaign of colorectal cancers].

In a mass screening campaign of colorectal cancer, general practitioners play an essential role for obtaining a high rate of participation from people. It is important to analyze the reasons for the participation and their actual experiences in the campaign. Out of 71 GPs participating in the campaign, 67 have been interviewed by a sociologist and 51 GPs (76%) considered themselves "motivated" for participating after an instruction course in small groups. Sixteen GPs were sceptical about the outcome or not highly motivated. However thirteen of them participated by moral obligation vis à vis their patients or for not being different from their colleagues. All GPs appreciated being actively involved in the organization of the screening campaign and considered that the public had been well informed. Such information covered the information leaflet, the press campaign at the beginning of the campaign and the recall letter for those who had not been consulted during the time when the test was distributed by GPs. The main constraint was the time spent to convince the patients to do the screening test and explain its importance. The additional time, 5 to 10 minutes per consultation was important to the GPs. They thought it was fair to be paid for their active participation. These data suggest that it is possible to motivate GPs for a mass screening campaign, on the condition that they are actively involved and participate in an instruction course for small groups.

Aged↗