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Biomedical subjects

C Mobley

Publications and source records attributed to C Mobley.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Methods used to assess pulmonary deposition and absorption of drugs.

The assessment of pulmonary drug absorption and deposition is becoming increasingly important in drug development. Absorption information can be used to maximize pulmonary selectivity, to screen drug candidates and to help evaluate the bioequivalence of generic inhalation products. Several methods are available to investigate pulmonary drug absorption and deposition, ranging from in vitro experiments to in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses. In combination, these methods can indicate the fate of an inhaled drug.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Supplemental and complementary alternatives to hormone replacement therapy.

Tables 1 and 2 offer a summary of information currently available on the sources, dosages, and proposed health benefits of the supplemental and complementary nutritional therapies that can be suggested as alternatives to hormone replacement therapy. These therapies have the additional benefit of being broadly available to women of all socioeconomic strata, and should be acceptable to women of various ethnicities and cultures. Adequate intakes (AI) of vitamins are recommended based on observational or experimentally determined approximations of the average nutrient intake, by a defined population or group, that appears to sustain a defined nutritional state (Food and Nutrition Boar, Institute of Medicine, 1997). Reviewing the empirical evidence concerning the use of vitamin supplements leads to the conclusion that doses higher than AI or recommended daily requirements is not warranted. For those individuals who choose to supplement, counseling should be provided to caution about tolerable upper limits, those maximum levels of nutrient intake judged unlikely to pose a risk for adverse health effects (Food and Nutrition Boar, Institute of Medicine). Supplemental and complementary therapy directed at ameliorating symptoms or reducing the risk of menopause related illness (osteoporosis and CHD) becomes a decision balance of the woman's preferences, risk and health history, and personal and financial resources. There appears to be some protection of morbidity and mortality from CHD with antioxidant dietary intake. Osteoporosis appears to be delayed with calcium supplementation. Menopausal symptoms, CHD risk, and osteoporosis risk appears to be reduced with phytoestrogen supplementation, although doses have not been established. Research concerning the safety and efficacy of these therapies continues. Findings from current clinical trials, such as the Women's Health Initiative may render these and additional alternative therapies to HRT more precise in the near future.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1999

Motion at the modular acetabular shell and liner interface. A comparative study.

Excessive polyethylene debris generated from a total hip arthroplasty can lead to osteolysis and premature revision. Most of this polyethylene debris comes from the concave articulation. However, abrasive wear on the convex side of a modular polyethylene component also may play a role in this problem. Motion of a modular polyethylene liner with respect to its shell can lead to such abrasive wear. Six samples of modular acetabular components from eight manufacturers were tested for motion between the shell and the liner. Motion at the shell liner interface was detected by five fiberoptic sensors in the x, y, and z planes. Micromotion occurred at the shell liner interface in all designs tested. The magnitude of motion varied between manufacturers, ranging from 5 to 311 microns. Design features that limit motion may be advantageous in limiting the amount of polyethylene debris.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1997

Oral health screening guidelines for nondental health care providers.

Clues identified in oral health screening can be associated with medical conditions, medical treatments, and overall health status. Thorough oral health screening involves not only talking with the patient, but touching and exploring the mouth. Oral health screening expands the role of dietitians in improving the nutritional and dietary practices of clients.

Diagnosis, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Asthma management by preschool children and their families: a developmental framework.

Sixty-one low-income, African-American mothers of preschool children with asthma were interviewed about asthma management. Additionally, 15 nurses provided information for a developmental schedule of asthma self-management activities. Most children had been diagnosed with asthma prior to age 18 months. Children participated in asthma management by 20 months, yet their mothers did not expect them to be able to manage their asthma by school age. Mothers expended considerable effort in coordinating asthma management with others. We suggest that asthma education with this population promote developmentally appropriate parent-child partnerships and effective involvement of family members and secondary settings.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1989

Nutrition beliefs, practices, and perceptions of young dancers.

Forty-nine dancers from 21 states and Mexico ages 13-20 years participated in a study designed to further explore nutrition beliefs and dietary practices of young dancers. Subjects completed a previously used questionnaire that identifies nutrition beliefs and practices. The correlation between actual height and weight and subjects' perceived height and weight was significantly different (p = less than or equal to 0.5). Subjects requested that additional nutrition education be included in their training programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

In vivo diagnosis and therapy of human tumors with monoclonal antibodies: selection of antibodies and preliminary clinical studies in small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Initial monoclonal antibody therapy trials include an attempt to control malignant proliferation of small cell lung cancer by blocking the autocrine stimulation of gastrin releasing peptide. A critical issue is the adequacy of antibody penetration into the tumor bed to effect immunologic blockade of the mitogenic peptide. The use of an indium-111 antibody chelate which is coadministered with the first therapeutic antibody administration facilitates analysis of the pharmacokinetic dynamics for this trial. If this approach is successful with gastrin releasing peptide, other peptide hormones with autocrine effects could also be targeted. A combination of anti growth factor therapies could lead to successful therapeutic control of this lethal disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Decision-making styles of dietitians.

Four decision-making styles (technician, planner, teacher, artist) were distinguished with Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) results for 61 dietitians and 55 dietetic students. The "technician" style (impersonal, matter-of-fact analysis expressed in technical skills) was preferred to other styles by the greatest percentage of subjects studied. Subgroups of clinical dietitians, those 40 years old or older, and dietetic internship graduates preferred the "technical" style that is related to academic achievement in applied and physical sciences. Dietitians in administration, consulting, education, and public health indicated a preference for the "artistic" style (an insightful approach to possibilities expressed in an ability to communicate well with others). CUP graduates indicated the most diversity in style preferences. The "planner" style identified with researchers was preferred to the "artistic" style by students. Available data from groups of dietitians studied by other investigators supported these findings and indicated similarities among dietitians, school administrators, and medical technicians. Comparison between students in this and other samples indicated more differences than similarities, which may be due to differences in programs. Since all styles are useful within the profession, it is suggested that the identification and adaptation of style be included in education programs for dietetic students and practitioners.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of risk factors for residential fire and burn injuries in an American Indian community.

Fatality rates from residential fires are high among American Indians. Contact burns and scalds are also among the leading types of thermal injuries. Information about the prevalence of risk factors for burn injuries is required to design interventions aimed at reducing residential fire and burn injuries. The authors conducted a survey in July and August 1992 of 68 households located in a small American Indian community in Washington State to ascertain the prevalence of selected risk factors for residential fire and burn injuries. Nearly all households (96 percent) in the study had a smoke detector, and 95 percent of those tested were functioning. However, a high prevalence of other household characteristics associated with excess risk of residential fire and burn injuries was identified: 59 percent of households had at least one member who smoked, 25 percent had a member who smoked in bed, 38 percent had a member who drank alcohol and smoked at the same time, 46 percent used wood stoves as a heat source, and 15 percent of households were mobile homes. Thirteen percent of households had at least one fire during the previous 3 years, and the incidence of burns due to all causes and requiring medical treatment was 1.5 per 100 persons per year. Hot water temperature was measured to determine the potential risk for scald burns, and 48 percent of households had a maximum hot water temperature of 130 degrees or more Fahrenheit. Such surveys can guide intervention strategies to reduce residential fire and burn injuries in American Indian communities.

Adolescent↗