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Biomedical subjects

C Monney

Publications and source records attributed to C Monney.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Turner syndrome].

This article is based on the study of 52 cases of Turner's syndrome, born between 1980 and 1996 and recorded in the Registry of Congenital Anomalies in the Canton of Vaud. In most cases the cytogenetic analysis was based on maternal multiple-marker screening, sonography findings or maternal age. The most common chromosome abnormality is complete monosomy X. The rare cases of mosaic and the one case of isochromosome mainly involve livebirths. Morphological analysis of foetuses revealed hygroma colli (84%) and hydrops (63%), frequently associated with major cardiac malformations. The livebirths present growth retardation, pterygium colli and facial dysmorphic features, but rarely complex malformations. In the light of our data, the probability of survival to birth is 0.8% and the prevalence in all clinical pregnancies is 1.1%.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Determination of the enantiomers of mianserin, desmethylmianserin, and 8-hydroxymianserin in the plasma and urine of mianserin-treated patients.

An HPLC method is presented which allows the measurement in the same run of the enantiomers of mianserin, desmethylmianserin, and 8-hydroxymianserin in plasma and urine of mianserin-treated patients. Limits of quantitation for the (S)- and (R)-enantiomers of mianserin and desmethylmianserin were 4 and 2.5 ng/ml, respectively, in plasma, and for the (S)- and (R)-enantiomers of mianserin, desmethylmianserin, and 8-hydroxymianserin 5, 2.5, and 5 ng/ml, respectively, in urine. The measured ratios of (S)-mianserin/(R)-mianserin and (S)-desmethylmianserin/(R)-desmethylmianserin in the plasmas of 10 mianserin-treated patients, all extensive metabolizers of debrisoquine as determined by CYP2D6 genotyping, varied, respectively, from 1.0 to 4.06 and from 0.19 to 0.64. As the enantiomers of mianserin differ in their pharmacological profile, these results could partially explain why, until now, no consistent relationship has been established between the therapeutic response and total [(S) + (R)] plasma levels of this antidepressant.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Enantioselective amitriptyline metabolism in patients phenotyped for two cytochrome P450 isozymes.

In 26 hospitalized patients with depression, a combined pharmacogenetic test with dextromethorphan, a substrate of cytochrome P450IID6, and mephenytoin, the S-form of which is hydroxylated by a P450IIC isozyme, was carried out before amitriptyline therapy. Metabolites were determined in 24-hour urine samples collected on treatment day 8, and the contributions of individual compounds, including the four isomers of 10-hydroxyamitriptyline and 10-hydroxynortriptyline to total excretion were calculated. Formation of (-)-E-10-hydroxyamitriptyline and (-)-E-10-hydroxynortriptyline apparently depends on the activity of cytochrome P450IID6 because negative correlations existed between the log metabolic ratio of dextromethorphan and the relative quantities of these enantiomers. In contrast, correlations were positive for nortriptyline, (+)-E-10-hydroxynortriptyline, (-)-Z-10-hydroxynortriptyline, and (+)-Z-10-hydroxynortriptyline. The mephenytoin hydroxylase seems to participate in side-chain demethylation to the secondary and primary amines, because the log metabolic ratio of mephenytoin correlated negatively with the relative quantity of E-10-hydroxydidesmethylamitriptyline and positively with that of amitriptyline and its N-glucuronide.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Dextromethorphan and mephenytoin phenotyping of patients treated with thioridazine or amitriptyline.

The metabolism of most tricyclic antidepressants and some phenothiazine neuroleptics is under the genetic control of hepatic cytochrome P-450IID6, which also regulates the metabolism of dextromethorphan. This study investigated the effect of treatment with amitriptyline or thioridazine on testing for genetically regulated efficiency of the metabolism of dextromethorphan and mephenytoin. One group of 33 patients was treated with 150 mg amitriptyline a day (the AMI group); 25 other patients received a daily dose of thioridazine, either 200 mg (200-THD group; n = 7) or 400 mg (400-THD group; n = 18). Before and after 10 days of this treatment, all patients were tested with 25 mg dextromethorphan and 100 mg mephenytoin to determine their pharmacogenetic status with respect to their hepatic drug oxidizing systems (cytochrome P-450IID6 and P-450 MP). Two patients were poor metabolizers (PMs) of dextromethorphan and three of mephenytoin. Treatment with either psychotropic drug was without significant effect on the metabolism of mephenytoin, but both amitriptyline and thioridazine increased significantly the metabolic ratio of dextromethorphan/dextrorphan. Thioridazine had the effect of changing the pharmacogenetic status of 15 efficient metabolizers of dextromethorphan to poor metabolizers; amitriptyline did not have such an effect. There was no significant correlation between day-11 plasma levels of thioridazine, mesoridazine, or sulforidazine and the metabolism of dextromethorphan, but there was a correlation between the metabolism of dextromethorphan and plasma levels of amitriptyline and nortriptyline. Amitriptyline (p less than 0.05), but not thioridazine, decreases the ratio of conjugated/total dextrorphan in urine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The approach to "normality". Study of patients pronounced "normal" consulting the Lausanne university psychiatric polyclinic 1957 to 1979].

The author studied the variation of the use of the diagnostic item "without apparent psychic symptoms" by the physicians of the University Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic in Lausanne between 1957 and 1979. The results showed a rise and then a fall of the use of this diagnostic item; the variation is related more to institutional habits and opportunity than to the concept of "normality". The rise can be explained by diverse circumstances amplifying the opportunity to use this item, while the fall is in relation to a change in habits of formulation and codification. It is fortunate that consulting psychiatrists leave a place for the appreciation of apparent normality. The explicit or implicit formulation of this appreciation as well as the frequency of its use is of little importance, as they are function of arbitrarily defined habits or opportunities.

Abortion, Legal↗