PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Montesani

Publications and source records attributed to C Montesani.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

HIV-1 gp120 accelerates Fas-mediated activation-induced human lamina propria T cell apoptosis.

Intestinal mucosa represents an important portal of entry of HIV and a site of virus reservoir and active replication. Recently, in HIV patients, an early depletion of intestinal lamina propria T lymphocytes (LPT) has been described. HIV-1 gp120 has been demonstrated to promote apoptosis in noninfected isolated peripheral blood T cells, therefore we investigated whether gpl20 modulates apoptosis of normal human intestinal lamina propria T cells. Purified T cells were obtained by immunomagnetic negative selection from human lamina propria mononuclear cells isolated from surgical specimens by enzymatic procedure. Cells were incubated with or without recombinant gpl20 (10 microg/ml) and cultured either in the absence of any stimulus or in the presence of plate-bound anti-CD3 Ab (OKT3) or soluble anti-CD2 Ab (T11(2) + T11[3]). Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometric analysis after propidium iodide staining. We demonstrated that preincubation of normal LPT cells with HIV-1 gpl20 accelerates the apoptosis observed during CD2-pathway stimulation of LPT cells. This process is mediated by Fas/Fas ligand interaction and related to an increased induction of Fas ligand mRNA by gpl20. Therefore HIV-1 gp120 could contribute to the depletion of noninfected LPT cells inducing a premature cell death.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1998

[Latent thyroid diseases in obesity].

We have investigated 2672 obese subjects (2324 females and 348 males); of these, the following two groups were considered: obese subjects with or without thyroid disease. Subjects were stratified according to age, sex, and BMI. The prevalence of thyroid disease was correlated to age, sex and BMI increased body weight. Our data showed that 22% of patients affected by essential obesity and not resident in area of iodine deficiency is affected by thyroid diseases which are not diagnosed (18%). In the obese subjects, presence of goiter is more frequent than in the normal weight subjects and affects mainly adult males. Chronic thyroiditis is typical of females (9:1 female:male ratio) with no difference between normo and overweight subjects. Prevalence of single nodule in the obese is similar to the normal weight subjects, it is more frequent in adults and in subjects with medium size obesity. However, occurrence of carcinoma (8%) in single nodules appears higher in the overweight (5-6%) as compared to the normal weight subjects.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1998

[Thyroid tumors in obesity].

BACKGROUND: The presence of nodules in the thyroid gland is the most frequent cause of endocrinopathy. The prevalence of thyroid nodules in the United States is estimated to be between 3-10%, whereas the prevalence of thyroid nodules in European adult population is estimated to be between 4-10%. At our Clinic of Obesity, the presence of nodules in the thyroid gland of obese patients is often found, incidentally, for this reason, we decide to investigate the prevalence of this pathology in obese patients and to quatify the number of times in which the presence of nodules had not been previously diagnosed. METHODS: 3248 obese patients were examined during in the last six years (1991-1996); of these patients 747 were affected by obesity and thyropathy; of these 747 we took into consideration only those with a cold single nodule and correlated the presence of the nodule with BMI, sex and age. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of a cold single nodule in the obese patients was 31%, of which 83% has not been previously diagnosed. Of cold nodules 8% was represented by carcinoma. The carcinoma appeared more often in females than in males (3:1). The incidence of cold nodules was more frequent in adults and in mild-medium obesity.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1997

[Incidentaloma of the adrenal gland. A clinical case].

The case of a 58 years-old woman with incidental adrenal tumor without endocrinological features of Cushing's syndrome, dexamethasone nonsuppressible uptake of 131I-19 iodocholesterol on right adrenal gland, and no uptake of the left, is described. Right adrenalectomy was performed with the diagnosis of adrenal tumor. The histopathological study revealed that the mass was an adrenal adenoma composed of mixtures of clear and compact cells. Postoperative course was uneventful without replacement therapy with cortisol. This case report suggest that in patients with incidental adrenal tumor, the adrenocortical scintigraphy is very useful for the identification for autonomously functioning adrenal mass.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMed1995

[Restorative proctocolectomy. A morphological-functional study by computed tomography with coronal scans].

Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch has become the surgical treatment of choice for patients with ulcerative colitis and familial polyposis of the colon. Defecography is the radiologic technique commonly used to obtain detailed information on function and morphology of the ileal pouch, but it fails to depict the pelvis. Computed Tomography (CT), with coronal images only was used to examine 10 patients with ulcerative colitis, submitted to restorative proctocolectomy. Coronal CT, yielding a panoramic view of the pelvis, represent an effective alternative technique to defecography. In fact, the two techniques provide comparable information relative to the ileal pouch; coronal CT also depicts the possible thickening of pouch walls and of pelvic fat tissue. Coronal CT also depicts the continence of ileo-anal and ileo-ileal anastomoses and the functional changes of the perineal muscles at rest and during squeezing. Coronal CT images allow easy and clear detection of such major postoperative complications as pelvic inflammation and fistulae (less frequently stenosis or dehiscences of the anastomosis).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Critical evaluation of the anastomoses in large bowel surgery: experience gained in 533 cases.

We critically examined the morbidity and mortality of manual and stapled colorectal anastomosis in a retrospective study of 533 patients who underwent colorectal resection for neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease. The clinically detected anastomotic dehiscence rate was 4.5%, and the mortality rate 1.8%. The extraperitoneal site of the anastomosis after rectal anterior resection with stapled anastomosis and surgery for cancer showed a statistically significant predisposition to anastomotic dehiscence. Age, emergency surgical intervention, curative versus palliative resection, the location of the anastomosed intestinal segments, type of anastomosis and presence of a protective colostomy did not appear to be statistically significant factors for anastomotic dehiscence. While the stapler may offer an advantage in the individual case, the low incidence of morbidity and mortality for manual anastomosis in this study reaffirms the soundness and importance of the manual colorectal anastomosis in the surgeon's technical armamentarium.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Extended resection in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Between 1975 and 1990, 525 patients underwent resection of colorectal cancer in our unit. Of these, 38 had tumour invading adjacent structures and underwent an extended resection. Overall, there were 67 cases treated palliatively. Of these, three were in the group of 38 having an extended resection. When the groups of radical not extended (n = 423) and radical extended resections (n = 35) were compared, respective values for mortality (1.9% vs 0) and morbidity (12.8% vs 11.3%) were not different. Respective local recurrence rates (13% vs 26%) were significantly greater after extended resection. Five-year survival after extended resection was 30%, no different from the general survival rate for standard resections for T2-3 node-positive tumours. Extended resection is thus a safe and important approach for locally advanced tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Duodenogastric reflux and gastric histology after cholecystectomy with or without sphincteroplasty.

Sixteen patients who had undergone cholecystectomy plus sphincteroplasty, 14 cholecystectomized patients and ten control patients were studied to evaluate whether differences existed in duodenogastric reflux and whether these were related to morphological damage of the gastric mucosa. Duodenogastric bile reflux during fasting was evaluated by measuring the concentration of total bile acids (by an enzymatic method) and single bile acids in the gastric juice by high performance liquid chromatography. The damage was evaluated histologically by systematic endoscopic biopsy of the antrum and body of the stomach. There was a statistically significant difference in fasting bile reflux between the three groups (Kruskal-Wallis test, P less than 0.001), and the group that underwent cholecystectomy plus sphincteroplasty had a significantly higher median value than the cholecystectomized group (P less than 0.05) and the control group (P less than 0.01). The distribution of chronic antral atrophic and superficial gastritis was different in the three groups (chi 2 test, P less than 0.005). Chronic atrophic gastritis was associated with cholecystectomy plus sphincteroplasty (P less than 0.01), while chronic superficial gastritis was more frequent in cholecystectomized patients. These results suggest that there may be more duodenogastric reflux after cholecystectomy plus sphincteroplasty than after cholecystectomy alone, and that there may be a correlation between the amount of duodenogastric reflux and the severity of mucosal damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[What happened to Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?].

Three Zollinger-Ellison syndrome patients were treated during the period January 1977 to June 1978. The first patient is in good health 11 years 3 months after a total gastrectomy as is the second patient, 11 year after the enucleation of a cephalo-pancreatic gastrinoma. However the third patient died from malignancy 5 years after a total gastrectomy and enucleation of a cephalo-pancreatic gastrinoma followed by therapeutic cycles with streptozotocin and 5-fluorouracil. The decline in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome over the last ten years is examined and the type of surgical treatment is discussed. Total gastrectomy once advocated as the preferred treatment, is now reappraised because of the effectiveness of medical therapy in controlling ulcers and because of the frequent malignancy of pancreatic gastrinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Restorative proctocolectomy with J reservoir in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.

The results of 16 cases of restorative proctocolectomy with J-pouch and ileoanal anastomosis performed for ulcerative colitis, associated with polyposis in one, and for diffuse polyposis in the last one, are reported. Satisfactory functional results as for continence, number of daily bowel movements and with moderate nocturnal leakage in a single patient, were obtained. The anal sphincter function, assessed manometrically about one year after surgery was shown to be normal in all cases except for the loss of sphincteric and inhibitory reflex. In spite of the still debated problems, it is concluded that this procedure based on the absence of operative mortality, acceptable morbidity and satisfactory long-term results, is the treatment of choice in surgery of ulcerative colitis with severe rectal lesions or dysplasia and of familial polyposis with carpeting rectum and/or cancer.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1984

Antisecretory activity of pirenzepine versus cimetidine in man: a controlled study.

Antisecretory effect of single oral therapeutic doses of pirenzepine (25 mg and 50 mg) and cimetidine (200 mg and 400 mg) was studied in 12 patients with duodenal ulcer. Gastric secretion was studied in basal condition and after stimulation with pentagastrin. Basal, maximum and peak acid output, basal and maximum acidity, and basal and maximum volume were calculated after computerised correction for pyloric loss and duodenal reflux. Both drugs showed dose-related inhibition of all facets of gastric secretion. Cimetidine (200 mg) had a greater inhibitory effect on gastric basal secretion, but a similar effect on pentagastrin stimulated secretion as with pirenzepine (50 mg). Cimetidine (400 mg) showed about twice the inhibitory activity of pirenzepine (50 mg) both on basal and stimulated secretion.

Adult↗