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Biomedical subjects

C Moretti

Publications and source records attributed to C Moretti.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Naloxone inhibits exercise-induced release of PRL and GH in athletes.

Opiate peptides stimulate the release of GH and PRL, and such changes have also been reported following physical exercise. To investigate opiate involvement in the exercise-induced release of these hormones, eight professional athletes were exercised to 80% of their maximal heart rate on a bicycle ergometer. This exercise alone induced an increase in circulating mean GH (basal to maximal level, 3.1 +/- 0.9 ng/ml-27.3 +/- 5.9 ng/ml) and mean PRL level (6.1 +/- 1.1 ng/ml-19.5 +/- 1.9 ng/ml). Infusion of naloxone (0.3 mg/min) antagonized these responses in mean serum GH (5.6 +/- 1.0 ng/ml to 8.6 +/- 1.1 ng/ml) and PRL levels (6.4 +/- 1.1 ng/ml-8.1 +/- 1.2 ng/ml), which were both significantly less than during the control infusions (P less than 0.01). It is suggested that certain forms of stress stimulate the release of PRL and GH via endogenous opiate peptides.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The "nivrées", or ichthyotoxic plants of French Guyana].

An attempt to clarify the taxonomy, the biogeography and the ethnobotany of the fishing poisons of Guiana and adjacent countries is presented. Collections have been made for every drug and field-notes concerning all ethnic groups of Guiana. Data are compared with published sources, particularly those of the past centuries. Ichthyotoxic plants have been classified into three groups: rotenone-yielding plants (Lonchocarpus, Derris, Tephrosia), saponin-yielding plants (Sapindaceae), and the "kunami" group of plants (Compositae, Euphorbiaceae). For each drug the vernacular names, the synonyms still used, the most notable morphological characteristics are specified, as well as ethnological observations and active constituents when known. Drugs and fishing-related techniques were selected long ago by Amerindians then often diffused through Amazonian countries by mixed-blood populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of an automatic oscillometric method and of various cuffs for the measurement of arterial pressure in the neonate.

We compared simultaneous measurement of aortic, direct (Dir) and of indirect (Ind) systolic (S), mean (M) and diastolic (D) arterial pressure (AP) determined by an automatic oscillometric instrument (DINAMAP) in neonates with birthweight of 1000-3680 g. DINAMAP measurements were performed with cuffs of increasing width and length, recommended by the manufacturer for increasing arm circumference, and with a Standard sized cuff (2.5 X 15 cm), previously considered as suitable for neonates of any body size. In addition, we compared simultaneous measurements of Dir SAP and of Ind SAP determined by a Doppler technique and the Standard cuff. In DINAMAP SAP measurements with the Standard cuff, a statistically significant correlation between arm circumference and delta Ind-Dir SAP values (i.e. the difference between simultaneous Ind and Dir SAP measurements) was found. In DINAMAP MAP measurements with the cuff recommended for arm circumference, a statistically significant difference of the mean delta Ind-Dir MAP values was observed in infants whose arm was or was not completely encircled by the bladder of the cuff. In SAP as well as in MAP DINAMAP determinations, the overall error of measurement with the Standard cuff was smaller than with the recommended cuff. The Doppler method was found considerably more accurate than the DINAMAP method for the determination of SAP. In spite of these limitations, the DINAMAP method with the Standard cuff was considered to be reasonably accurate for the clinical determination of SAP and MAP, provided that several consecutive measurements are performed and averaged in order to minimize the error of measurement. When considering DAP measurements the error was so unacceptably high that the DINAMAP method cannot be recommended for clinical use. The need for a careful consideration of the cuff characteristics when evaluating new methods for the indirect measurement of AP in the neonate is emphasized.

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of benign fibrocystic disease of the breast with 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (CB 154).

A total of 192 patients with benign fibrocystic disease of the breast were studied. Diagnosis was based on the clinical picture, xerography, and/or mammography. Most of the patients were 30-45 years old. Hormonal studies including serum PRL, 17-beta-estradiol, progesterone, and gonadotropins were performed by means of specific and sensitive RIA techniques. Patients were allotted to treatment with 3 x 25 mg p.o. 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (CB 154, Parlodel, Sandoz) continuously for a period of 3 months. In an attempt to establish a possible relationship between PRL levels and the disease, patients were divided into two groups with high or normal levels of PRL. Results indicate an improvement or complete recovery in about 75% of the cases. These results are independent of PRL levels. According to our experience CB 154 seems to be the most effective treatment of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Endosteal hyperostosis with dominant transmission. Description of 8 cases in 3 generations of the same nuclear family].

The authors report on 8 patients with the dominant type of endosteal hyperostosis (Worth's disease), found in the same kindred over 3 generations. Three were males, five females, from 5 to 49 years of age. Major radiographic features were an increased density of bones of the skull and spine, with thickening of the diaphyseal cortex of tubular bones, without any change in remodeling. Seven patients were almost asymptomatic. A decompressive craniotomy had been performed in one, who showed a compression of the 2nd, 5th and 8th cranial nerves. Blood alkaline phosphatase was normal. The bone density increases with age, but in spite of this the clinical course if milder than in recessive type of generalized cortical hyperostosis (Van Buchem's disease, as reported in the 35 cases of endosteal hyperostosis (dominant type) previously described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Prolonged intermittent positive pressure ventilation by nasal prongs in intractable apnea of prematurity.

In order to avoid endotracheal intubation in very small newborn infants requiring prolonged intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), a method was developed allowing delivery of IPPV by means of nasal prongs (nasal IPPV). A series of 10 newborn infants weighing 1 200 g or less, and requiring nasal IPPV for 5 to 14 days because of intractable apnea has been reported. Five infants survived. With the exception of hearing defects in two survivors, no lesions possibly due to the ventilation procedure were observed. Follow-up examination showed severe mental and motor handicap in one infant, and apparently normal mental and motor development in 3 infants examined at the age of 12-27 months. It is suggested that nasal IPPV is an effective and safe method for prolonged ventilation of very small newborn infants with normal or not severely affected lungs, whereas it appears of very limited use in patients with stiff lungs, such as in severe HMD.

Apnea↗
PubMed1981

The analgesic effect of calcitonin in humans: studies on the role of opioid peptides.

The possibility that the analgesic action of calcitonin could be due to variations in beta-endorphin levels in both peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid was studied. A total of 40 microgram of synthetic salmon calcitonin was injected i. v. in four male volunteers undergoing minor operations under rachianesthesia. Beta-Endorphin was determined in blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples that were collected before and at regular intervals after calcitonin injection. No statistically significant variation in beta-endorphin levels was observed either in peripheral blood or cerebrospinal fluid. Since the injected calcitonin was free of contaminants (demonstrated by both high pressure liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay of endorphin made on the injected preparation) and since an increase was observed in the immunoreactive calcitonin in cerebrospinal fluid following calcitonin i. v., self-analgesic action may be hypothesized, even though action through prostaglandins or other systems cannot be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Physical exercise stimulates marked concomitant release of beta-endorphin and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in peripheral blood in man.

ACTH and beta-endorphin have been evaluated by means of a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay in athletes reaching a status of physical stress. A concomitant marked increase of these 2 peptides has been recorded. The implications of this finding lead to the conclusion that stress stimulates the synthesis of the common precursor (31 K) in the pituitary.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1980

[First results by means of non-ionic contrast medium (Iopamidol) in urography and angiography (author's transl)].

The non-ionic water-soluble contrast medium Iopamidol was used for urography in 10 patients and for angiography in 20 patients. In every investigation excellent visualization was obtained and non adverse reaction occurred. Good tolerability to Iopamidol permitted to carry out painless peripheral angiography and translumbar angiography without general anaesthesia.

Angiography↗