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Biomedical subjects

C Morley

Publications and source records attributed to C Morley.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

The use of denial by patients with cancer.

Denial can be necessary to maintain psychological health in times of stress. Health-care professionals often view denial as maladaptive. Denial is an effective coping strategy for individuals with cancer.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Baby check in India: assessing the severity of illness in babies in a Calcutta out-patient clinic.

The objective was to assess whether Baby Check could be used in a different cultural setting to where it was developed. Babies were scored using Baby Check and then assessed by a physician who had no knowledge of the score. Out-patient clinics were held at the Child In Need Institute, Calcutta, India. The subjects were 100 babies aged between 0 and 12 months. Ninety-five babies were successfully scored and independently graded by a doctor. The total scores ranged 0 to 53 with a median of 11. Physicians graded two babies as seriously ill that required urgent admission; eight required admission for observation and/or treatment; 51 were thought to require careful observation and treatment at home; and 34 were considered to be mildly ill or well. There were several difficulties using Baby Check in Calcutta. Baby Check is designed to assess the severity of acute systemic illness in babies. Many babies seen had chronic conditions such as malnutrition, as well as an acute illness. There were difficulties translating some of the checks. In the study design there is no 'gold standard' against which to test physicians' grading of illness or the Baby Check score. Despite these problems Baby Check detected the majority of ill babies in the study: with a total score cut-off of 12-13 Baby Check had a positive predictive value of 86 per cent for detecting babies that required medical attention. Of the babies scoring less than 8, 97 per cent did not need admission to hospital.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child Welfare↗
PubMed1995

What do mothers remember about the 'back to sleep' campaign?

A campaign was launched by the Department of Health late in 1991 to advise mothers how to reduce the risk of cot death. OBJECTIVE--To investigate whether mothers remember receiving this advice, their sources of information, and the advice they were given. SETTING--Questionnaires filled in by mothers of babies born in three maternity units in East Anglia. METHOD--150 mothers of full term babies born throughout 1992 were enrolled. All of them should have received the information. They were sent a questionnaire when their baby was 6 months old. RESULTS--399 (89%) questionnaires were analysable. Sources of information were: television, 72%; magazines, 59%; midwives, 55%; health visitors, 48%; and doctors, 11%. 23% said they received no advice from a health professional about reducing the risk of cot death. Doctors, who had all been informed by the Department of Health, were surprisingly poor at passing on the information. Advice on sleeping position was remembered by 72%, overheating by 60%, and smoking by 35%. Problems in following the advice were reported by only 5% of mothers. CONCLUSIONS--The media was most influential in spreading the new advice. Basic infant care advice is not the preserve of doctors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Spying on mothers.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1993

OSIRIS trial.

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Drug Administration Schedule↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of two endotracheal suction regimes in babies ventilated for respiratory distress syndrome.

All low birthweight babies ventilated for the respiratory distress syndrome during a period of fourteen months were randomised to receive endotracheal suction 12-hourly or 6-hourly. There were no significant differences in respiratory outcome between the groups. These observations suggest that it is safe to aspirate endotracheal tubes infrequently during the first few days in uncomplicated respiratory distress syndrome.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Analogues of cisplatin derived from diaminodideoxytetritols. Synthesis and activity against the ADJ/PC6 plasmacytoma in mice.

Four new analogues of the anticancer drug cisplatin have been prepared that contain a diaminodideoxytetritol derivative as the amine ligand moiety, and their activities have been measured against the ADJ/PC6 plasmacytoma in mice. Two of these compounds, the enantiomers of cis-dichloro(1,4-diamino-1,4-dideoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidenethreitol) -platinum(II) , show a higher TI value than cisplatin when administered by intraperitoneal injection and, importantly, show significant antitumour activity when administered orally.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

A cell-specific activator in the Xenopus A2 vitellogenin gene: promoter elements functioning with rat liver nuclear extracts.

Transfection experiments using Xenopus vitellogenin A2 gene constructs allowed us to identify an activator which increases the activity of the thymidine kinase promoter. The activator is located between -121 and -87 of the A2 vitellogenin gene and is separated by a stretch of curved DNA from the estrogen-responsive DNA element at -331. The activator functions in a cell-specific manner, as it is active in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) as well as hepatoma cells but not in fibroblasts or HeLa cells. The activator is composed of at least three elements: elements 1 and 2 which form a partial palindrome, function independently, but act synergistically when combined. Element 3 is not active on its own, but supports elements 1 and 2. A TATA box region derived from the Xenopus albumin gene is sufficient for the function of the activator. In vitro transcription experiments using rat liver nuclear extracts demonstrate that the activator interacts with transcription factors. These factors are distinct from those recognizing HP1, a regulatory element common to several genes specifically expressed in hepatocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Tracheal aspirates from neonates during endotracheal intubation: detection of surfactant by polarized light microscopy.

A technique for detecting the presence of pulmonary surfactant in the tracheal aspirates obtained from preterm babies is described. The specimens were examined by means of polarized light microscopy. Surfactant could be simply and rapidly identified by its appearance as birefringent particles in volumes of aspirate as little as 1 microliter. Tracheal aspirate specimens from 108 babies, obtained on the first day of life, were examined without knowledge of the patient's clinical details. When the samples from each baby were subdivided into three groups on the basis of the amount of surfactant particles seen, this subgrouping corresponded well with the babies' ventilatory requirements at the time of sample collection. This method of detecting surfactant material may prove valuable in determining the degree of surfactant deficiency in individual preterm babies with respiratory illness.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Effect of indomethacin and of prostaglandins on extrarenal erythropoietin production in rats.

Indomethacin elevates the plasma erythropoietin titer of hypoxic anephric rats and probably does so by increasing extrarenal erythropoietin production. Because indomethacin is a potent cyclooxygenase inhibitor, we postulated that it alters extrarenal erythropoietin production via its effects on tissue prostaglandin levels. Studies were, therefore, performed to determine the effects of indomethacin on hepatic prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) titers. Indomethacin significantly decreased the PGF2 alpha level but its effects on the PGE2 level were, in most experiments, insignificant. We next studied the effects of infusing PGF2 alpha and PGE2 on the plasma erythropoietin levels of hypoxic rats. PGF2 alpha significantly reduced the plasma erythropoietin titer of anephric rats and neutralized the effect of indomethacin when both substances were administered. PGE2 infusion, on the other hand, did not significantly affect the plasma erythropoietin level of anephric rats. The data support the conclusion that PGF2 alpha is a potent inhibitor of extrarenal erythropoietin production, and that indomethacin enhances the rate of extrarenal erythropoietin production by reducing the PGF2 alpha titer in the liver.

Animals↗