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Biomedical subjects

C Noro

Publications and source records attributed to C Noro.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Selective thermocoagulation of unresectable malignant tumors using radiofrequency].

Based on our experimental findings on porcine liver, we have been conducting a clinical trial of selective hyperthermia by radiofrequency (RF) capacitive heating with laparotomy for patients with unresectable malignant tumors. In 10 patients with malignant tumors (8 carcinoma of the pancreas, 2 carcinoma of the gallbladder), laparotomy and RF heating were performed after informed consent. The local heat coagulation was produced by heating equipment using 13.56 MHz radiofrequency produced by Omron Corporation, Japan. Four 2-cm electrode needles were placed in the tumor in a square array at intervals of 2.0 cm. Hyperthermia was given for 30 min with a controlled temperature of 50 degrees C in the RF field (2 x 2 x 2 cm3). That of the surrounding area was maintained at less than 40 degrees C. The calculated volume treated by RF ranged between (2 x 2 x 2 cm3) x 1 and (2 x 2 x 2 cm3) x 6. We followed all patients by computed tomographic (CT) scan 2 weeks after coagulation. Tumor markers in the blood were assayed before and 14 days after heating. Follow-up CT scans demonstrated that after the tumor mass had been heterogeneously enhanced, it changed to a homogeneous low-density area in 6 of 10 patients. The levels of tumor markers decreased to lower than the pre-treatment values in 9 of 10 patients. In all patients, the changes in CT scans and/or decrease in the markers were confirmed. Complications such as bleeding or abscess formation were not observed. It was suggested that the selective hyperthermia was safely produced by this equipment. The encouraging results in these patients justify further clinical trials.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1992

[Comparison of treadmill exercise, handgrip, and cold-pressor tests: with particular reference to the effects on hemodynamics, respiratory gas exchange, and sympathetic nervous activity].

The treadmill test (TM), handgrip test (HG) and cold-pressor test (CP) are now frequently used clinically for multiple purposes. However, gas exchange analysis has not been a common procedure during HG. In particular, during CP, it has not been previously reported. Relationships between these 3 tests and blood pressure, heart rate (HR), respiratory gas exchange and the sympathetic nervous activity of normal subjects have not been reported, either. This study was undertaken to clarify these points. Symptom-limited TM was performed in 11 normal male subjects with a mean age of 45 +/- 8 yrs according to the Bruce protocol, with the HG using the weight-sustaining method (equal weight of 50% maximal voluntary contraction) for 3 min, and CP for 2 min. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (Ps, Pd) were recorded; HR was measured every 30 sec, and gas exchange variables, such as oxygen uptake (VO2) and carbon dioxide production, were documented every 10 sec using an aereomonitor AE-280 (Minato Medical Science Co). In 10 of 11 subjects, concentrations of plasma noradrenaline (PNA) and plasma adrenaline (PAD) were measured at rest and at the times of peak values of the 3 tests. The peak values of Ps and HR were much higher during TM than during HG and CP (p < 0.01), while the peak values of Pd during HG and CP were higher than during TM (p < 0.01). The VO2 increased significantly for all of the 3 tests (TM: +781%, HG: +65%, CP: +20%), with the increment being the greatest during TM. Both PNA and PAD increased significantly for the 3 tests, with the increments of PNA and PAD being the greatest during TM. The percent change in PAD was more prominent during HG and CP than during TM. This tendency was not as clear for PNA as for PAD. There was no correlation of delta Ps and delta Pd between the 3 tests, but values of delta HR correlated partially. No significant correlations of peak VO2 were observed between the 3 tests. The peak PNA correlated between HG and CP (r = 0.77, p < 0.01), and the peak PAD correlated between TM and CP (r = 0.67, p < 0.05). In summary, numerous differences in hemodynamic and respiratory responses and in sympathetic nervous activation were observed in the 3 tests. When the 3 tests are undertaken, careful attention should be paid for their characteristics, discrepancies and limitations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of cardiac function at rest and under acute loading in patients with essential hypertension using pulsed Doppler echocardiography].

We studied 45 untreated patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (EH) and 27 normotensive controls to assess the relationship between pulsed Doppler echocardiographic parameters and cardiac function, and the effects of acute changes in preload or afterload on these parameters. The following pulsed Doppler parameters were measured: as left ventricular (LV) inflow parameters, rapid filling peak velocity (R), presystolic peak velocity (A), and A/R; as LV outflow parameters, preejection period (PEP), ejection period (ET), ET/PEP, and peak velocity (PV). These parameters were compared with those relating to cardiac function, such as age, interventricular septal thickness (IVST), LV mass index (LVMI), % fractional shortening (%FS), LV end-systolic wall stress (WS), blood pressure, and heart rate. The changes in preload and afterload were induced by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or phenylephrine infusion, which caused decreases or increases in the mean blood pressure by approximately 15%. 1. LV inflow parameters: Compared to normals, A and the A/R were higher in the group EH (p less than 0.01). IVST in the group EH correlated with R and the A/R, but LVMI did not correlate with these parameters. In normals, A correlated with %FS and WS, but did not in the group EH. R and the A/R correlated with age in normals, but not in the group EH. 2. LV outflow parameters: There were no significant differences between the two groups. PV in the group EH correlated positively with %FS, and negatively with WS. The ET/PEP in normals correlated with %FS and WS, but not in the group EH. 3. Effects of SNP: Reduction in preload caused a decrease in R and an increase in the A/R in both the groups (p less than 0.01). At the same time, reduction in afterload induced increase in PV. 4. Effects of phenylephrine: An increase in afterload did not change A, R or the A/R, though PV decreased significantly in normals and tended to decrease in the group EH. In summary, though the significance of the pulsed Doppler parameters of the LV was not always the same between the two groups, these parameters may be used to evaluate cardiac function in EH, if we pay attention to the influence of preload and afterload.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Differences in hemodynamic responses to dynamic exercise between borderline and sustained hypertension].

To observe the effects of anatomical distribution of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the differences in blood pressure on cardiac function, borderline hypertensives (group A) and mild or moderate sustained hypertensives (group B) were studied at rest and during dynamic exercise and their results were compared with those of normal controls (group C). LVH was estimated by M-mode echocardiography, and cardiac function was assessed by radionuclide (RI) first pass and multigate methods. In each subjects, 0.5 watt/kg and 1.0 watt/kg loads of ergometer exercise were administered for 16 min in the supine position. The main results were as follows: 1. In borderline hypertension, there was significant hypertrophy of the interventricular septum, and the left ventricular mass index was greater than that in normal controls. 2. The cardiac index in borderline hypertension did not differ from that of normal controls, but that of sustained hypertension was significantly reduced. 3. Significant positive correlations were observed between blood pressure and the left ventricular mass index at rest and during exercise. 4. No difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at rest was observed among the three groups, but that in sustained hypertension during exercise was markedly less than that of the other groups. LVEF at 1.0 watt/kg load and delta LVEF correlated inversely with the left ventricular mass index. 5. Left ventricular end-systolic volume determined by an RI count method decreased significantly during exercise in normals and borderline hypertension, while that in sustained hypertension was not reduced during exercise. Accordingly, cardiac function in the latter group was judged to be impaired. 6. In borderline hypertension, regional LVEF in the septal portion was slightly reduced at rest and during exercise. This reduction might have been caused by an imbalance of hypertrophy between the septal and free wall portions. In sustained hypertension, regional septal LVEF was maintained at rest, but was markedly less during exercise as compared with the other groups. Regional LVEF in the free wall portion was similar in degree to that of LVEF at rest and during exercise in the three groups. 7. Though the peak filling rate (PFR) in borderline hypertension did not differ from that in controls, that of sustained hypertension was significantly reduced at rest and during exercise. Significant positive correlations were obtained between PFR and LVEF at rest and during exercise. In summary, elevated blood pressure at rest and during exercise was thought to be the most important causative factor of LVH in hypertension.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Clinical evaluation of myocardial contractility and its problems.

Studies were performed to assess clinical applicability and usefullness of several non-invasive indices of myocardial contractility, especially, ET/PEP, Pd/ICT and (Pd/ICT)(AO/EO). In dogs preload, afterload or myocardial contractility was altered by durgs. The ET/PEP was influenced by preload as well afterload and PdICT by afterload, respectively. A correction of Pd/ICT with preload, (Pd/ICT)/(AO/EO)showed a satisfactory correlation to Vmas even when the preload and/or afterload were altered. In clinical cases, ET/PEP, Pd/ICT and (Pd/ICT)/(AO/EO) all changed following administration of positive inotropic substances. Moreover, in azotemic cases with primary change in preload the gradient of the Frank-Sterling's curve increased progressively and the entire curve was located upwards with increase of (Pd/ICT)/(AO/EO) value. In case of high-resistance type hypertension, nevertheless, (Pd/ICT)/(AO/EO) showed a tendency to change in association with alteration of its constituent factor Pd. Since there exists no absolutely perfect non-invasive index of myocardial contractility available for clinical application as yet, it would be appropriate to make overall evaluation of myocardial contractility by combined use of several indices, with underlying pathological conditions and characteristics of individual parameters taken into consideration.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Evaluation of myocardial contractility by the non-invasive method.

In evaluation of cardiac function by the non-invasive method, the possibility of separation of cardiac muscle performance from cardiac pump performance was studied. Among the non-invasive values, SV/ET, SV/(AO/EO), Pd/ICT, Pd/PEP, 1/ICT2, ET/PEP, and ET/ICT were considered as parameters for myocardial contractility. This research especially focused on Pd/ICT and ET/PEP. In auricular fibrillation it was possible to draw Starling-like curves and 3 dimensional coordinates to estimate a Vmax-like value. However this method could not be used in sinus rhythm. Whereas, in hypertension with abnormal afterload and uremia with abnormal preload, myocardial contractility was expressed by Pd/ICT under the influence of almost pure preload and ET/PEP under the influence of both preload and afterload. Therefore Pd/ICT was corrected with preload (AO/EO) and (Pd/ICT)/(AO/EO) may be used as the index for myocardial contractility.

Aged↗