Biomedical subjects

C O Bekibele

Publications and source records attributed to C O Bekibele.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

5-fluorouracil vs. beta-irradiation in the prevention of pterygium recurrence.

The aim of this study was to compare 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with beta-irradiation in the prevention of pterygium recurrence. A retrospective non-randomised review of cases of fleshy pterygium treated with bare scleral excision and adjuvant 5-FU were compared with similar morphologically appearing pterygia, matched for age and sex, treated with bare scleral excision and adjuvant beta-irradiation. All surgeries were carried out at the university college hospital and Ojulowo eye hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Twenty-seven eyes of 24 patients who had pterygium excision with adjuvant treatment with 5-FU were compared with 31 eyes of 24 patients who were treated with excision and beta-irradiation. The mean age for the 5-FU group was 46.1 years while that for the beta-irradiation group was 46.9 years. Both sexes were equally represented, 12 males and 12 females. There were seven (25.9%) initial recurrences in the 5-FU group but four of these became atrophic, and therefore, cosmetically acceptable leaving three eyes (11%) with unacceptable recurrent pterygia. The beta-irradiation group, however, had seven (22.5) initial recurrence but five of these became atrophic and fell short of the cornea, leaving two (6.5%) with clinically unacceptable recurrence. The difference was, however, not statistically significant (Zc = 0.74 and p > 0.1). The associated complications were mostly mild in both groups and included cornea opacity of 10 (37%) complications, conjunctivitis of three (11%) complications, sclera granuloma of three (11%) complications and conjunctiva necrosis of one (3.7%) complication for the 5-FU group, and while the beta-irradiation group had corneal opacity of one (3.7%) complication and conjunctivitis of three (11%) complications. The non-statistical significance of a lower-pterigium recurrence rate with use of beta-irradiation for the treatment of fleshy pterygium compared with 5-FU may have been partly due to the small number of patients studied. A randomised-controlled study using a larger sample size is therefore proposed. However, the fact that over half of those with initial recurrence in the 5-FU group became atrophic (and therefore cosmetically acceptable) over time as well as less cost implication in the purchase of 5-FU relative to Strontium-90 association with few and mild complications makes it a desirable adjuvant therapy in depressed economies. However, beta-irradiation still has a place when cost issue is not an inhibiting factor in view of its clinically superior outcome.

Antimetabolites↗

PubMed2003

Visual outcome of pressurised bottled drinks related eye injuries in Ibadan.

Records of 15 patients presenting with pressurised bottled drinks related eye injuries between January 1996 and 2001 were reviewed to identify factors contributing to accidental eye injuries from pressurised bottled drinks, reason for poor outcome and to make recommendations. In all, 16 eyes of 15 patients were studied out of which 7 were males (M:F, ratio 1:1.1). Age range, 3 years-49 years, mean 23.6 years. The majority of those affected were students 46.7%, and traders 26.7%. The commonest activity leading to injury was explosion during the process of arranging the bottles or crates of drinks (43.8%) and accidental fall of bottle from hand or height (37.5%). Drinks implicated include, Coca-cola 50%, beer 25%, others (Fanta, Legend stout, Mirinda, Grape juice) 25%. Complications arising from the injury included, hyphema 43.8%, vitreous haemorrhage 12.5%, and retinal detachment 12.5%. The globes were retained in 12 (75%) cases, 3 defaulted and one eye became phthisical. The final visual acuity was 6/18 or better in 25%, between 6/24 and 6/60 in 12.5% and less than 6/60 in 31.3%. The final visual acuities of three patients who were lost to follow up were unknown. Reason for poor visual outcome include severity of injury with resultant serious complications, and delay with instituting surgical treatment. Eye injuries resulting from exploding bottled drinks are potentially very serious and therefore best prevented. It is recommended that conversion of bottled drinks to canned or plastic containers be considered by the manufacturers. Greater care should be taken with the handling of bottled drinks by the sellers, factory workers and consumers. High risk occupations such as bottled drink sellers and factory workers may need to wear protective goggles during handling. Public health education on need to seek prompt and proper treatment as well as need for Government to institute the National health insurance scheme to cater for indigent patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

A clinicopathological study of orbito-ocular diseases in Ibadan between 1991-1999.

To describe the pattern of ocular diseases seen during the study period. Retrospective review of surgical pathology and cytology records from January 1991 to December 1999. Reference was also made to case notes where necessary. A total of 225 orbital and ocular surgical pathology specimens were reviewed. One hundred and twenty-five (56.8%) were from males and 100 from females (ratio: 1.3:1). Over 50% of the specimens were obtained from children and young adults less than 20 years of age. There were 168 tumours, with malignancies accounting for 73.8% of all tumours. Other pathological lesions included, inflammatory conditions, benign tumours, and degenerative conditions, which represent 21.8%, 19.6%, and 2.2% of all lesions respectively. Retinoblastoma accounted for 57.3% of all malignancies, the age range was 3 months to 12 years, mean 2.65 years. The modal age was 2 years. Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva, accounting for 12.1% of all malignancies was the commonest malignancy seen in the adult age group. Malignant melanoma was rare and no case of Kaposi's sarcoma was seen. Commonest non-neoplastic lesions resulting in enucleation of the eye were panophthalmitis and endophthalmitis. Human immunodeficiency virus screening was only done in 3 of 8 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and was positive in 2 of them. Malignancies of the eye and orbit continue to make up majority of orbit and ocular pathologies requiring enucleation in children and young adults. Despite an observed increase in the frequency, insufficient information precludes evaluation of a link between HIV and squamous cell carcinoma as well as other obito-ocular lesions such as Kaposi sarcoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

The Ibadan glaucoma study.

To obtain epidemiological data on the prevalence and risk factors for open angle glaucoma in hospital workers of African origin, and investigate appropriate methods of a rapid, cost-effective screening procedure for glaucoma. A cross-sectional study of workers in the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan, using a structured questionnaire for data collection. The variables available for data analysis include workers demographic characteristics, visual acuity, pupil status, intraocular pressure, cup-disc ratio, central visual fields, family history of glaucoma, chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. The data was analysed with EPI-INFO version 6.02 for simple analysis, while the SPSS package was used for multivariate analysis. A total of two thousand, one hundred and nine (2,109) UCH workers participated in the screening exercise for glaucoma. A high majority of the workers 1794 (85.1%) were negative to the diagnosis of glaucoma, while the remaining 315 (14.9%) were suspected to have glaucoma out of which 57 (2.7%) were confirmed as definite glaucoma cases. The prevalence of glaucoma among UCH workers was 27 per 1000, 95%, confidence interval = 20 per 1000, 35 per 1000. Factors associated with glaucoma were relative afferent pupillary defect, cup-disc ratio greater than 0.7, intraocular pressure, family history of glaucoma and the presence of chronic diseases such as diabetes. The left eye appears to have a higher probability of ocular problems compared with the right eye. The prevalence of glaucoma among hospital workers was 2.7% The cup-disc ratio appears to be a better diagnostic tool for glaucoma since it gives the best positive predictive value (with a cut-off point of 0.7) than all other variables.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Anterior chamber intra-ocular lens surgery at Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria.

The objective of this paper is to assess the visual outcome and complications associated with anterior chamber lens implantation. A retrospective review of all patients who had anterior chamber lens insertion at St Mary s Catholic Eye Hospital Ago-Iwoye between October 1998 and October 1999 was made. Follow up was from two months to one year. 14 eyes of 14 patients had anterior chamber lens implantation. The mean age was 62.6 years. Indications for surgery included, uncorrected uni-ocular aphakia 28.6%, inadvertent posterior capsule rent 14.2%, and uncomplicated extra-capsular surgery 57.1%. 50% of the patients had best corrected post-operative acuity of 6/18 or better. Post-operative astigmatism was minimal. The observed complications included, vitreous loss (21.4%), iridodialysis (7.1%), cornea striae (14.3%), posterior capsule opacity (21.4%), uveitis (42.9%) and raised intraovular pressure (14.3%). Anterior chamber lens implantation for visual rehabilitation of uni-ocular aphakia is safe and effective.

Female↗

PubMed2002

Evaluation of the effectiveness of post-operative beta-irradiation in the management of pterygium.

A retrospective review of cases of pterygium excision using the bare sclera method followed by application of 2500-3500 rads of Sr 90 beta-radiation carried out between 1994 and the year 2000 at Ojulowo Eye clinic Ibadan and St Mary's Catholic Specialist Eye Hospital Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria. Follow up period was between six months and six years. A total of 124 eyes from 95 patients were operated. 58 (61.1%) were males and 37 (38.9%) were females. The youngest patient was 10 years old while the oldest was 89 years mean 46.1 +/- 2 STD of 13.5. Most pterygia were unilateral and nasal in location. Improvement in visual acuity of between 2-6 lines on snellen chart occurred in 6 (4.8%) of operated eyes. Recurrence necessitating repeat surgery and additional radiation occurred in 8 eyes (6.9%). The complications of surgery and beta radiation consisted of conjunctiva inflammation 10 (8.6%), cornea opacities 4 (3.2%), gritty sensation 3 (2.6), cataract 1 (0.8%). No case of sclera necroses was observed. Post-operative beta-radiation is safe and effective in preventing recurrence of pterygium.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Goldenhar syndrome: a case report and literature review.

The case of a 24-year-old female Nigerian with features of Goldenhar syndrome is presented and the challenges of management especially with reference to reconstructive facial surgery and general anaesthesia are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of 56 trabeculectomy operations at Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Records of 56 eyes of 34 patients who had trabeculectomy between February 1998 and October 1999 at the St. Mary's Catholic Eye Hospital Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State were reviewed retrospectively. There were 22 (64.7%) males and 12 (35.3%) females. Age range was from 18 years to 80 years, mean age 54 years. 22 patients had bilateral trabeculectomy and 12 patients had uniocular surgery. Intra ocular pressure control less than 21 mmHg post operatively was 74.1%; 96.2% was achieved with additional use of antiglaucoma medication; 3.7% could not be controlled on medication post operatively. Here was a statistically significant decrease in visual acuity post operatively. The Intra-operative and post-operative complications were minimal.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Orbital cellulitis: a review of 21 cases from Ibadan, Nigeria.

This study was set up to review cases of orbital cellulitis admitted to the eye ward of our hospital between 1994 and 1998, and to compare the findings with similar studies. Twenty-one (14 males, 7 females, age range 45 days to 50 years [mean 13 years]) of 35 patients with an initial diagnosis of orbital cellulitis were reviewed (14 patients were excluded from the final analysis). Most of the cases were associated with pansinusitis, the commonest organism isolated being Staphylococcus aureus. All the patients were co-managed with ortorhinolaryngologists, and sometimes also with bacteriologists and paediatricians. Seventy-five per cent of the patients made a full recovery. Complications included orbital abscess (28.6%), optic atrophy (10%), cornea opacities (10%) and seizures (5%). Orbital cellulitis remains a childhood infection with potentially devastating consequences. There appears to have been a reduction not only in the number of cases admitted to the eye ward but also in the number and severity of complications. Prompt treatment and a multidisciplinary approach to management may be partly responsible for the improved outcome. This approach therefore needs to be encouraged.

Adolescent↗