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Biomedical subjects

C O Callender

Publications and source records attributed to C O Callender.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Spontaneous rupture of the renal allograft.

Spontaneous renal allograft rupture, an unusual complication of renal transplantation, occurred in a 35-year-old woman 10 days after transplantation. Unusual localized pain and tenderness at allograft site, oliguria, and hypotension, a triad frequently seen in renal allograft rupture, were present. Management by transplant nephrectomy was inevitable because of the patient's downhill course. Histopathologic findings diagnostic of acute allograft rejection support current thinking that spontaneous rupture may be the final outcome, although unusual, of renal allograft rejection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Pulmonary cavitation with Nocardia and Aspergillus in a renal transplant patient.

We present an autopsy case of concomitant pulmonary aspergillosis and nocardiosis undiagnosed during life in a long-term surviving renal transplant recipient. The patient had fever and a newly developed cavitary lesion on a chest x-ray. The working diagnosis was pulmonary tuberculosis with possible colonization by Aspergillus species. Cultures of bronchial washings became positive for Aspergillus fumigatus 1 day after death. The study of tissue from the lung cavity at autopsy revealed Aspergillus fumigatus (confirmed by postmortem culture) and the filaments of Nocardia species. Increased numbers of surviving immunosuppressed patients will require aggressive, comprehensive diagnostic techniques for the detection of polymicrobial infections.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1989

Prednisone when used as treatment for rejection correlates with poor outcome.

Since January 1974, 195 of 202 (95%) renal transplants have been performed on blacks at the Howard University Hospital Transplant Center. Hypertension is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) at this center (57%). The immunosuppressive regimens utilized were divided into four eras. The first era (1974-1980) consisted of the prophylactic administration of prednisone, Imuran (AZA), and Minnesota antilymphocyte globulin (MAG) with high prednisone dosage used to treat rejection. One-year, two-year, and five-year patient survival rates were 59% 54%, and 41%, respectively. Graft survival rates for the same period were 53%, 47%, and 36%. In the second era (1980-1983), the same immunoprophylaxis was used but only MAG was used to reverse rejection. One-year and two-year patient survival rates were 90% and 84%. Graft survival rates for the same period were 72% and 64%. When era 1 is compared with era 2, statistically significant improvement in patient survival is evident (P less than 0.005). Graft survival rates are statistically significant for one-year graft survival (P less than 0.05). In the third era (1983-1986), cyclosporine was the principal immunosuppressive agent used along with prednisone. Rejection in this era was treated by adjusting the cyclosporine dose to keep the level between 100 ng to 150 ng per mL and in addition to high prednisone. One-year patient survival and graft survival rates were 83% and 55%, respectively. The fourth era began April 1986 and was initiated because of previous bad experiences with high doses of prednisone to treat rejection in era 1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Organ donation in blacks: a community approach.

Our intent is to educate the black community about the dangers of hypertension and the need for kidney organ donors in a population that is uniquely affected by renal failure. The desired goal then is to stimulate the black community to: have annual blood pressure checks so that an early diagnosis of high blood pressure (hypertension) can be made and early treatment can be received; and become better informed about the "Gift of Life" concept and have family meetings in which donating organs after death is strongly considered. The adoption of these recommendations will likely result in a decrease in the incidence of renal disease, since the leading cause of renal disease in blacks is hypertension. This silent unrecognized killer produces renal failure in blacks 17 times more often than in whites. We expect that increasing the number of black organ donors will result in an improved success rate in black recipients of transplants from recently decreased persons. It is clear that the black community can play a major role in elucidating and, perhaps, eradicating this serious medical problem.

Black or African American↗