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Biomedical subjects

C O'Halloran

Publications and source records attributed to C O'Halloran.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Developing common learning: the new generation project undergraduate curriculum model.

This paper describes the curriculum model developed for an ambitious interprofessional education programme for health and social care professions implemented in two universities in the south of England (the New Generation Project). An outline of how the New Generation Project has interpreted the meaning of interprofessional learning is presented first. This is followed by an outline of the structure of the programme, describing both learning in common and interprofessional learning components. The pedagogies underpinning this curriculum initiative are presented and an integrated pedagogical model, facilitated collaborative interprofessional learning, is proposed. The New Generation Project curriculum is then discussed as an extension of an established typology of interprofessional education.

Allied Health Occupations↗
PubMed2002

Can a postgraduate course for general practitioners deliver perceived benefit for learners, patients and the NHS?: a qualitative study.

The focus of continuing professional development in general practice is shifting towards professional development and away from following personal areas of interest. Previous work has suggested that much CPD has not had an obvious impact in the three areas of professional development: the needs of individual doctors, patients and the needs of the NHS. We report on the results of a programme of study where developments in all three were perceived as being achieved. This outcome was realized by basing learning around real problems course members encountered in their daily work, using these real situations to identify theory, then reinforcing this learning through practical application.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2000

Clarifying the concepts of confidence and competence to produce appropriate self-evaluation measurement scales.

INTRODUCTION: This paper reviews the literature on self-evaluation and discusses the findings of a small-scale qualitative study which explored the terms 'confidence' and 'competence' as useful measures in a self-evaluation scale. Four pre-registration house officers took part in interviews and completed a provisional instrument to assess their perceived competence. FINDINGS: Competence and confidence are useful terms for house officers expressing beliefs about their ability to perform their job but the terms should not be used synonymously. In our study, 'competent' represented what individuals knew about their ability and was based on the individual's previous experience of the task. 'Confident' described a judgement which influenced whether an individual was willing or not to undertake an activity. Confidence was not necessarily based on known levels of competence and therefore performance of tasks which were unfamiliar to the house officer also involved the assessment of risk. The authors give examples of task and skill scales which may be useful in the process of self-evaluation by pre-registration house officers. CONCLUSIONS: The authors suggest that the process of assessing oneself is complicated, and by its very nature can never be objective or free from the beliefs and values individuals hold about themselves. Therefore self-evaluation instruments are best used to help individuals analyse their work practices and to promote reflection on performance. They should not be used to judge the 'accuracy' of the individual's evaluation.

Attitude↗
PubMed1999

Identifying appropriate tasks for the preregistration year: modified Delphi technique.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the tasks that should constitute the work of preregistration house officers to provide the basis for the development of a self evaluation instrument. DESIGN: Literature review and modified Delphi technique. SETTING: Northern Deanery within the Northern and Yorkshire office NHS executive. SUBJECTS: 67 educational supervisors of preregistration house officers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Percentage of agreement by educational supervisors to tasks identified from the literature. RESULTS: Over 61% of communication items, 70% of on call patient care items, 75% of routine patient care items, 45% of practical procedure items, and over 63% of self management items achieved over 95% agreement that they should be part of the house job of preregistration house officers. Poor agreement was found for the laboratory and clinical investigations that house officers could perform with or without supervision. CONCLUSIONS: The tasks of house officers were identified but issues in using this method and in devising a universally acceptable list of tasks for preregistration house officers were apparent.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed1992

Critical performance behaviors of radiology residents: evaluation of two category systems.

OBJECTIVE: Previous research has suggested that certain behavioral aspects of job performance are critical for successful performance in a diagnostic radiology residency. We report two studies conducted to determine the long-term stability of critical performance behaviors for radiology residents and refine their definitions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A trained psychology graduate student conducted critical incident interviews with 20 senior faculty in diagnostic radiology. From these interviews, the faculty generated 120 descriptions of exemplary or poor resident performance. These descriptors were then independently sorted by two radiologists into the previously defined categories of behaviors to evaluate consistency of the behaviors. As a second study, the 120 descriptors were sorted into an expanded behavioral definition system and the reproducibility, using the expanded system, was compared with the original results. RESULTS: The interrater reliability for placing the current incidents in the originally described behavioral categories was good (Cohen's kappa 0.70). The overall distribution of incidents showed strong similarity to the original data. Sorting into the expanded categories improved the Cohen's kappa from 0.70 to 0.92, indicating that the expanded behavioral definitions improved reliability for categorizing a behavioral incident. CONCLUSION: The critical behaviors necessary for successful performance in diagnostic radiology residency are stable over time. The expanded and refined system of definitions of these behaviors is more efficacious than the original system was.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1992

Referral expectations of radiology.

In summary, the data suggest that the traditional role of the radiologist as an expert consultant who provides an accurate written report is still the dominant perception. This study emphasizes the importance of development of communication skills and communication standards, with particular emphasis on written data as the single most important factor in keeping a strong clinician referral base.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗