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Biomedical subjects

C Olcott

Publications and source records attributed to C Olcott.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Diagnosis of arterial prosthetic graft infection by indium-111 oxine white blood cell scans.

Early and accurate diagnosis of infected prosthetic arterial grafts is difficult, despite the application of diverse diagnostic modalities. Delay in making the diagnosis is largely responsible for the high amputation and mortality rates associated with this complication. In nine patients with suspected graft infections, indium-111 white blood cell scanning was useful and accurate. Graft infection was proved in five cases and ruled out in three. One false-positive scan was due to a sigmoid diverticular abscess overlying the graft. Indium-111 white blood cell scans may improve the accuracy of diagnosing infected prosthetic grafts, which may result in better limb and patient salvage rates.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Planned approach to the management of malignant invasion of the carotid artery.

A planned approach to the evaluation and management of patients with tumor involvement of the cervical carotid artery is presented. Preoperative arteriography and determination of carotid back-pressure permitted a rational approach in these high risk patients. One patient found to have an extremely low carotid back-pressure was advised not to undergo carotid resection. Six patients with satisfactory carotid back-pressure tolerated carotid resection and reconstruction.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1980

The carotid "string" sign. Differential diagnosis and management.

Seventeen patients with arteriographic findings consistent with the carotid "string" sign are presented. Five separate clinicopathologic categories were present, and each required special consideration for proper management. The arteriographic findings alone were insufficient to allow categorization or to predict intraoperative findings. Special emphasis is placed on the importance of examining the apparently occluded carotid artery for signs of the carotid string sign which, if found, indicates continued patency. Familiarity with the broad spectrum of clinicopathologic entities associated with the carotid string sign facilitates management of these often complicated problems.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Carotid back pressures in conjunction with cerebral angiography.

A method for obtaining carotid back pressures at the time of cerebral angiography is described. These preoperative measurements were compared to intraoperative measurements in 18 patients. Preoperative mean carotid back pressures (usually common carotid pressures) were obtained by occluding the artery with a double-lumen balloon catheter and recording the pressure distal to the balloon. Although the mean arterial blood pressure and the arterial carbon dioxide tension proved to be variables, the correlation of the pressures measured at angiography and at surgery was high (p less than 0.001).

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1979

Visceral artery syndromes and reconstructions.

Acute and chronic visceral ischemia are now well recognized clinical entities and extensive progress has been made in both the evaluation and treatment of patients with these lesions. The visceral vessels and the nature of their collateral pathways can also be of critical importance when dealing with other intra-abdominal pathology. Poor anastomotic healing, or the formation of strictures and intestinal fistulas may result when the mesenteric circulation is slowly compromised. Hence, it is imperative that the visceral arteries, their lesions, and their collateral pathways be understood by all surgeons operating in the abdominal cavity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Unusual problems of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Complications other than rupture occurred in 12 per cent of 254 patients operated on for an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. The unusual problems encountered included aortocaval fistula, inflammatory aneurysm, aortoenteric fistula, aortic thrombosis, peripheral embolization, and retropsoas rupture. The clinical manifestations and management of these lesions are discussed.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1978

Renosplenic shunt for control of esophageal variceal hemorrhage.

The left renal vein was used to perform a renosplenic (38 patients) or an adrenosplenic (5 patients) shunt in forty-three patients with esophageal variceal hemorrhage. All patients were successfully decompressed without recurrence of variceal bleeding in the postoperative period. One shunt thrombosed six months postoperatively and one kidney was removed because of venous hypertension and spontaneous rupture two days postoperatively. Overall mortality was 16 per cent, including a 22 per cent mortality in the emergency group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Renovascular hypertension.

In summary, renovascular surgery has evolved during the past 20 years to become a highly efficacious therapeutic modality provided proper patient selection is practiced. Surgical techniques are now well established, and with the advent of ex vivo techniques practically any extraparenchymal renal artery lesion may be repaired. At present, much investigative work is in progress in an attempt to develop better means of selecting patients who will benefit from renovascular surgery. The newer modifications of renal vein renin assays may permit better patient selection. Many factors must be weighted when considering medical versus surgical management of hypertension. Paramount among these must be the quality of life of the patient. The inconstancy of pressure control and the frequency of undesirable side effects in the more extreme medical regimens are the primary disadvantages of nonsurgial management. An aggressive surgical approach appears to be warranted in selected patients with atherosclerosis and in almost all patients with fibromuscular dysplasia.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1977

Endoaneurysmorrhaphy for visceral artery aneurysms.

The clinical histories and surgical management of two patients with mycotic aneurysms involving the hepatic and superior mesenteric arteries are presented. Endoaneurysmorrhaphy was used to successfully manage these patients. This technic permits the preservation of maximum blood flow to the abdominal viscera. The clinical features and surgical technic are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Urological complications of renal transplantation can be prevented or controlled.

Our incidence of urological complications in 860 consecutive renal transplants in 3.4 per cent. A further reduction in incidence is demonstrated in the most recent 250 transplants of this series. Urological complications have been kept to a minimum by strict adherence to certain principles in donor nephrectomy, management of multiple and small arteries, and the technique of graft implantation. When urological complications were suspected early and judicious use of 131I hippurate scintiphotographic techniques has proved to be the most helpful method to evaluate patients. If a urological complication did occur prompt recognition and treatment were responsible for a high rate of graft salvage, low incidence of sepsis and absence of patient mortality.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1976

Specialized blood filters and fresh whole blood.

Platelet counts and platelet functions were determined in fresh whole blood before and after it passed through two types of specialized transfusion filters. Both filters were capable of trapping 20% to 40% of the functional platelets, necessary for hemostasis, especially if heparin was used as the anticoagulant. When fresh whole blood is needed to treat the bleeding patient who has already received massive blood transfusions, these specialized filters should probably not be used.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1976

Intra-arterial embolization in the management of arteriovenous malformations.

Eighteen patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVM's) involving the extremities, pelvis, or head are reported and their treatment is discussed. Our experience has led us to the following conclusions: (1) careful selective angiography is mandatory to delineate the vascular anatomy, extent, and major afferent vessels supplying the AVM; (2) ligation of afferent vessels to an AVM never is indicated; (3) intra-arterial embolization (IAE) can be used prior to surgical removal of extensive but resectable AVM's; (4) IAE may be employed for symptom control of inoperable AVM's.

Adolescent↗