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C Oshiro

Publications and source records attributed to C Oshiro.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Urinary isoflavone excretion as a compliance measure in a soy intervention among young girls: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the compliance of young girls with a soy intervention. DESIGN: An 8-week dietary intervention and urine sample collection. SETTING: Free-living girls. SUBJECTS: A convenience sample of 8- to 14-y-old girls (20 started and 17 finished the study) recruited through flyers distributed to staff members and previous study participants. INTERVENTION: The girls consumed one daily serving of soymilk, soy nuts, or tofu, completed 3-day food records, kept daily soy intake logs, and collected weekly urine samples. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Compliance with the intervention was evaluated by daily soy intake logs, 3-day food records analyzed by the center's Food Composition and Food Groups Servings Databases, and weekly urinary isoflavone excretion using high-pressure liquid chromatography. The statistical analysis included paired t-tests, analysis of variance, and Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Daily soy intake logs indicated a mean intake of 6.28 servings out of a maximum of 7.0 servings per week. The food records revealed a six-fold increase in isoflavone intake during the study period (P<0.01) which was confirmed by an increase in urinary isoflavone excretion of similar magnitude (23.3-142.1 nmol/mg creatinine, P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the ability of young girls to consume one daily soy serving and the usefulness of urinary isoflavones as a primary compliance measure. The high urinary isoflavone excretion levels detected in girls as compared to adult women suggest less intestinal degradation and/or greater absorption of isoflavones in nonadult populations. This finding requires further investigations into the pharmacokinetics of isoflavones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Nutritional changes among premenopausal women undertaking a soya based dietary intervention study in Hawaii.

BACKGROUND: We conducted a 2-year nutritional intervention among premenopausal women. The goal was to incorporate two daily servings of soya into the regular diet. This report describes the dietary modifications and assesses their nutritional adequacy with regard to major nutrients. METHODS: In this analysis of 100 intervention and 106 control subjects, women completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire at baseline; throughout the study, they participated in at least three unannounced 24-h recalls. RESULTS: At randomization, both groups were similar in age and body weight, reported low soya intake, and did not differ by intake of major nutrients and foods. According to the 24-h recalls, women in the intervention group consumed nearly two servings of soya per day, while the control women remained at 0.2 servings. In comparison with the control group, the intervention group consumed fewer dairy products, primarily milk, but also less meat, nuts and seeds. As a result of the dietary modification, the intervention women consumed less-saturated fat and cholesterol and more protein, dietary fibre, calcium and vitamins than the control group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that women in the intervention group improved the overall quality of their diet by adding two servings of soya per day.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Ocular angiostrongyliasis without meningitis symptoms in Okinawa, Japan.

A 62-year-old female farmer presented with retinal detachment in her left eye, and an Angiostrongylus cantonensis worm was recovered by vitreous surgery. The case did not show typical clinical symptoms indicating meningitis, although the patient complained of a mild headache, a low-grade fever, and slight ataxia. The symptoms were treated as influenza before the onset of the retinal detachment. The present case is the first confirmed of ocular angiostrongyliasis in Japan.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis↗
PubMed1998

Direct effects of thyroid hormones on rat coronary artery: nongenomic effects of triiodothyronine and thyroxine.

To determine whether thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), have any direct, nongenomic effects on vascular smooth muscle cells, we evaluated the effects of these hormones on rat coronary arteries. Bolus injection of T3 or T4 elicited a transient, dose-dependent decrease in coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), as well as an increase in arterial vasodilation. Vasodilation occurred immediately after injection, peaked at 15 seconds, and lasted 80 seconds. Reverse T3 had no effect on CPP or vasodilation. The rapidity of these effects suggests that they are not mediated by the T3-nuclear receptor, but are direct, nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones. Our results also suggest that thyroid hormones may play a role in preventing myocardial ischemia by inducing coronary artery vasodilation.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Thyroid-stimulating antibody and TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulin in 277 Graves' patients and in 686 normal subjects.

TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb) are believed to cause hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease. Thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) and TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulin (TBII) have been measured as TRAb to diagnose Graves' disease and to follow Graves' patients. We intended to evaluate the clinical value of TRAb (TSAb and TBII) assay in establishing the diagnosis of Graves' disease and in predicting its clinical course. TSAb and TBII were studied in 686 normal subjects and in 277 Graves' patients before antithyroid drug therapy. We followed serial changes of TSAb and TBII in 30 Graves' patients before, during and after antithyroid drug therapy over 3.5-9 yr. We measured TSAb as a stimulator assay and TBII as a receptor assay. Both TSAb and TBII were distributed normally in 686 normal subjects. ROC curves demonstrated that both TSAb and TBII had high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of Graves' disease, and were equally sensitive and specific; 150% was chosen as cut-off value for TSAb and 10% for TBII. Of the 277 untreated Graves' patients, 254 (92%) had positive TSAb and positive TBII. All of the 277 untreated Graves' patients had positive TRAb (TSAb and/or TBII). We followed the serial changes of TSAb and TBII in 30 Graves' patients over 3.5-9 yr. During antithyroid drug therapy, TSAb and TBII activities decreased and disappeared in 27 patients (Group A), but continued to be high in the other 3 (Group B). The former 27 Group A patients achieved remission, but the latter 3 Group B patients continued to have hyperthyroidism. Of the 27 Group A patients, 16 (59%) had parallel decreases of TSAb and TBII activities; in 6, the changes were predominantly observed in either TSAb or TBII, and in 4, complex changes in TSAb and TBII activities were observed. Disappearance of TSAb and appearance of TSBAb was seen in one. The other 3 Group B patients continued to have high TSAb and TBII activities and to have hyperthyroidism. In conclusion, TSAb and TBII are of clinical value in establishing the diagnosis of Graves' disease and in predicting its clinical course. We clearly demonstrated its diagnostic usefulness. Both TSAb and TBII have high sensitivity and specificity. All of the 277 untreated Graves' patients had TRAb (TSAb and/or TBII). Serial changes of TSAb and TBII during therapy differ from one patient to another, and can be classified into several groups. Changes in TSAb and TBII activities reflect the clinical courses of Graves' patients. The simultaneous measurement of both TSAb and TBII is clinically useful, since TSAb and TBII reflect two different aspects of TRAb. TSAb and TBII are different.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Seventeen alpha-hydroxylase deficiency with one base pair deletion of the cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17) gene.

Mutation of the cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17) gene causes 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency (17OHD). Recently, several researchers have elucidated the molecular basis of 17OHD by gene analysis. We experienced a case of 17OHD and intended to reveal the abnormality of the CYP17 gene in this Japanese female with 17OHD. Leukocytes were obtained from the patient, her mother and sister, and normal control subjects. We amplified the CYP17 gene using polymerase chain reaction and performed the sequence analysis using the dideoxy terminator method and restriction enzyme analysis. We found that the patient had one base-pair deletion at the position of amino acid 438. An identical result was obtained with restriction enzyme analysis. This G deletion altered the reading frame and resulted in a premature stop codon at position 443; the ligand of heme iron (Cys: cystine 442) was absent. This small mutation may account for the patient's clinical manifestations of 17OHD. This is the first case of 17OHD with only one base pair deletion of the CYP17 gene.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗