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Biomedical subjects

C P Santos

Publications and source records attributed to C P Santos.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Pseudempleurosoma gibsoni n. sp., a new ancyrocephalid monogenean from Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Sciaenidae) from off the southeastern coast of Brazil.

Pseudempleurosoma gibsoni n. sp. (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalidae) is described from the oesophagus of Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Steindachner) from off the coast of Brazil. The type-species of Pseudempleurosoma Yamaguti, 1965, P. carangis Yamaguti, 1965, is redescribed and the diagnosis of the genus is amended. Metadiplectanotrema Gerasev et al. 1987 is considered synonym of Pseudempleurosoma. This genus now contains four species, including P. carangis, P. caranxi Gerasev et al., 1987 n. comb., P. myripristi Gerasev et al., 1987 n. comb. and the one new species.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Genetic markers in ribosomal DNA for the identification of members of the genus Anisakis (Nematoda: ascaridoidea) defined by polymerase-chain-reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Polymerase-chain-reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed to establish genetic markers in rDNA, for the identification of the three sibling species of the Anisakis simplex complex and morphologically differentiated Anisakis species, i.e. Anisakis physeteris, Anisakis schupakovi, Anisakis typica and Anisakis ziphidarum. Different restriction patterns were found between A. simplex sensu stricto and Anisakis pegreffii with two of the restriction endonucleases used (HinfI and TaqI), between A. simplex sensu stricto and A. simplex C with one endonuclease (HhaI), and between A. simplex C and Aniskis pegreffii with three endonucleases (HhaI, HinfI and TaqI), while no variation in patterns was detected among individuals within each species. The species A. physeteris, A. schupakovi, A. typica and A. ziphidarum were found to be different from each other and different from the three sibling species of the A. simplex complex by distinct fragments using 10-12 of the endonucleases tested. The polymorphisms obtained by restriction fragment length polymorphisms have provided a new set of genetic markers for the accurate identification of sibling species and morphospecies.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from the gills of Epinephelus spp. in Brazilian waters.

Pseudorhabdosynochus sulamericanus n. sp. from the gills of Epinephelus niveatus has a reniform proximal region of the cirrus-bulb which is divided in four chambers and contains a large, round reservoir of the male accessory glands, a partly sclerotised vagina which is enclosed in a muscular funnel cap and squamodiscs with 15-16 open concentric rows of elements. P. beverleyburtonae (Oliver, 1984) is redescribed from E. marginatus with additional morphological data. These are the first reports of Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. in South American Atlantic waters, where the potentiality for the mariculture of Epinephelus spp. is currently being evaluated. Pseudorhabdosynochus hargisi (Oliver & Paperna, 1984) n. comb. is proposed for Diplectanum hargisi.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Amapacanthus amazonicus n. g., n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Diplosentidae: Allorhadinorhynchinae) from Arius passany and Anableps microleps (Pisces) at Maraca Island off northern Brazil.

Amapacanthus amazonicus n. g., n. sp. is described from the intestine of Arius passany (Valenciennes) and Anableps microleps Müller. The most important diagnostic features are: a small globular proboscis armed with 6 diagonal rows of 3 stout hooks; middle hooks conspicuously stouter and larger than anterior ones; terminal hooks as long as middle hooks but straighter and more slender; a double-walled proboscis receptacle; a trunk bearing spines anteriorly; and two tubular cement glands in the males. Amapacanthus n. g. is differentiated from Allorhadinorhynchus, Golvanorhynchus and Slendrorhynchus, the other genera of the Allorhadinorhynchinae, by the presence of a globular proboscis armed with a small number (18) of hooks. A key to the species of the Allorhadinorhynchinae is presented.

Acanthocephala↗
PubMed1997

Ultrastructure of spermatogenesis of Atriaster heterodus (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea, Polypisthocotylea).

The development of spermatozoa in the Polyopisthocotylea Atriaster heterodus was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Spermatogonia were undifferentiated, with irregular nuclei and little cytoplasm. Primary spermatocytes had sparse chromatin and typical synaptonemal complexes. The nuclear chromatin of secondary spermatocytes was in patches along the nuclear envelope and throughout the nucleoplasm. The complete process of fusion of the early spermatids to a common cytoplasmic mass forming a rosette was elucidated. Nuclei migrated to the center of the mass and changed from round to lamellar or tubular in shape. At the borders of the common cytoplasmic mass, the irregular zones of differentiation had microtubules, mitochondria, nuclei, centrioles, and intercentriolar bodies that give rise to 2 flagella. The spermatozoa presented a continuous row of cortical microtubules surrounding 2 parallels axonemes of the 9+1 type.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effectiveness of the Program of Communication and Education in Health on the control of S. mansoni infection in some areas of the state of Bahia].

The Program for S. mansoni Control (PCE) has been developed in some areas of the State of Bahia by the Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FNS). In 1989, activities on Information, Education, Communication and Community Mobilization (IEC/MC) were initiated. This study evaluates the epidemiological impact of the IEC/MC, using a quasi-experimental study design strategy, comparing the prevalences of infection for S. mansoni in areas of IEC/MC and estimates of other areas. The data used were routinely collected by the local staff of the FNS. A decrease on the prevalence of S. mansoni infection was found in all study areas, specially in those of IEC/MC activities. Findings indicate that PCE activities are more effective among school-age individuals and male adults, although IEC/MC allows for higher epidemiological impact among women, reflecting the differences among the strategies. These findings point out the need for qualitative evaluation research, as well as cost benefit and cost effectiveness analyses, that are more appropriate for decision making processes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A nematode parasite of the penguin Spheniscus magellanicus (Forster) (Ascaridoidea, Anisakidae)].

The nematodes were collected from the penguin Spheniscus magellanicus (Forster) (Sphenisciformes). A study from the main species of Contracaecum that occur in penguins and piscivorous birds from the south hemisphere is made, more specifically the C. eudyptulae Johnston & Mawson, 1942a, C. eudyptes Johnston & Mawson, 1953, C. heardi Mawson, 1953, C. antarcticum Johnston, 1938, C. prevosti Tchéprakoff, 1966, C. spiculigerum (Rudolphi, 1809), C. osculatum (Rudolphi, 1802), C. scotti (Leiper & Atkinson, 1914) and C. pelagicum Johnston & Mawson, 1942b. C. pelagicum is redescribed and turns to be a new reference for Spheniscus magellanicus (Forster).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The ultrastructure of the gastrodermis and the nutrition of the gill parasitic Atriaster heterodus Lebedev and Paruchin, 1969 (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea).

The gastrodermis of Atriaster heterodus Lebedev & Paruchin, 1969 (Polyopisthocotylea), a gill parasite from Diplodus argenteus (Valenciennes, 1930), is composed of "U"-shape hematin cells and a connecting syncytium, both having cytoplasmic lamellae. These cells show outgrowths and bent folds which were sent to enclose lumen material. The trapped material was then subjected to endocytosis. The nature of ingested food material was comparatively analyzed by cytochemical and histochemical test. Blood residue were detected in the gut but tests for mucins were negative. No intact erythrocytes were observed in the gut lumen.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) Pereirai annereaux, 1946 (Nematoda: Camallanidae), with new host records and new morphological data on the larval stages.

Larval stages and adults of Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pereirai Annereaux, 1946 are described from naturally infected Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Steindachner) (Sciaenidae) from the coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The translucent first-stage larvae have a denticulate process at the anterior end, no buccal capsule or esophagus undifferentiated into anterior muscular and posterior glandular parts and an elongate tail; third-stage larvae have a tail with three terminal projections, a buccal capsule divided into an anterior portion with 12-20 ridges running to the left and a posterior smooth portion, and an esophagus with muscular and glandular regions. Fourth-stage larvae exhibit a buccal capsule lacking a distinct basal ring with ridges running to the right and a tail with two terminal processes, as in adults. New host records are reported and their role in its life-cycle are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the tegument of Atriaster heterodus (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea).

The tegument of the polyopisthocotylean monogenean Atriaster heterodus Lebedev & Parukhin, 1969 was studied using transmission electron microscopy. The outer syncytial layer of the tegument is connected to the internal cell bodies by cytoplasmic extensions which interweave between the muscular fibres. The free surface of the syncytium has projections of the external membrane which are similar to microvilli. The undulating basal membrane, with numerous narrow elongate projections, is associated with the basal lamina situated between the syncytial and muscular layers. The cell bodies and syncytial layer of the tegument exhibit two types of vesicles, one with fibrous contents and one with electron-dense contents; these were analysed using two cytochemical tests, the E-PTA and alcian blue methods, used for the first time on monogeneans.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morbidity among job applicants in the Metropolitan Region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil].

This cross-sectional study evaluates the pre-employment health status of job applicants, based on prevalence estimates of abnormal laboratory test results, clinical diagnosis, and a physician-signed fit-for-work assessment, which is mandatory in Brazil. The study population was a random sample of 1,237 male workers selected from medical records (1988-1996) from an Occupational Medical Center located in Salvador, the capital of Bahia State, Brazil. The data were from a single pre-employment medical assessment for each individual. The most common diseases were intestinal parasites (51.7%), anemia (12.8%), and hypertension (12.7%). Drivers showed a high prevalence of overweight (38.2%) and hypertension (16.2%). In addition to work-related risks and diseases, occupational hygiene and safety programs need to address prevailing illnesses and risk factors, which in this population are typical of poor living conditions. Special attention should to be given to drivers, who are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Adolescent↗