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Biomedical subjects

C Paleari

Publications and source records attributed to C Paleari.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Status epilepticus.

Status epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency. It requires prompt and adequate diagnosis and treatment, as it may induce CNS injury. It is mainly distinguished into generalised and partial SE on the basis of its major clinical features. There are very few data about SE physiopathology, but it is generally characterised by increasing unresponsiveness to treatment. SE diagnosis is based on EEG recording, associated with neuroimaging techniques and laboratory assays to detect underlying pathologies. During SE we distinguish three different conditions: initial, defined and refractory. Benzodiazepines represent first-line treatment, followed by phenytoin. Refractory SE requires ICU treatment to perform general anaesthesia.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Verapamil-induced changes in digoxin kinetics in cirrhosis.

The influence of a single low dose of verapamil (80 mg) on the serum levels of digoxin (single dose of 0.5 mg) was studied in 6 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and in 6 healthy volunteer controls. In the cirrhotic patients verapamil increased the peak serum level and the total AUC of digoxin by 98% and 32%, respectively. There was an associated 23% decrease in the renal digoxin clearance. In normal subjects only marginal alterations in digoxin kinetics were observed following verapamil administration. The results indicate that cirrhosis magnifies the influence of verapamil on digoxin kinetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A critical evaluation of the urinary inhibiting activity in idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis.

In order to obtain new insights into the relevance of inhibitors in whole urine by focusing on their reciprocal interactions, a statistical approach was followed in 35 controls and 27 calcium oxalate (CaOx) recurrent idiopathic stone formers. The inhibiting activity of CaOx crystal growth and the most widely accepted inhibitors (glycosaminoglycans, citrate, magnesium, pyrophosphate), stone constituents (calcium, oxalate, phosphate, urate) and other normal urinary substances were evaluated. It was seen that the inhibitors played a very small role in total inhibiting activity. On the other hand, considering other normal urinary constituents, almost all the inhibiting power of urine on crystal growth could be explained.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Influence of amiodarone on oral digoxin bioavailability in healthy volunteers.

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the possible influence of amiodarone on some basic parameters of acute oral digoxin kinetics. A single oral dose of digoxin (0.50 mg) was administered to six healthy volunteers both before and at the end of a 7-day treatment with with amiodarone. This treatment caused a clear-cut rise in peak serum digoxin levels (Cmax) from 2.92 +/- 1.09 to 5.87 +/- 1.68 ng/ml (p less than 0.005) and a decrease of the peak time (Tmax) in four out of the six subjects. The area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC) was increased by amiodarone with a high individual variability (30.71 +/- 6.15 vs 40.63 +/- 10.04 ng X h X ml-1). Also the 72-hour recovery of the glycoside in the urine was higher (258.77 +/- 68.41 vs 357.62 +/- 62.98 micrograms; p less than 0.01), while renal clearance (Clr) was not altered. These results show that amiodarone increases digoxin bioavailability by a mechanism which appears to be independent of changes in drug elimination.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinicopharmacologic study of blood carbamazepine levels in a group of epileptic patients].

Clinico-pharmacological evaluation on Carbamazepine serum levels was performed in a group of epileptic patients. CBZ (Carbamazepine) blood levels have been detected in a heterogeneous group of epileptic patients taking several other antiepileptic drugs. Patients in which there was a good reduction of epileptic seizures after CBZ was added, had a mean blood level of 4.2 plus or minus 1.4 microgram/ml. When Dyphenilhydantoine (DPH) and/or Phenobarbital (PB) were associated with CBZ they both decreased CBZ blood levels; on the contrary CBZ did not appear to modify DPH and PB blood levels.

Adolescent↗