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C Paredes Cencillo

Publications and source records attributed to C Paredes Cencillo.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Prevalence of dental caries: comparison between immigrant and autochthonous children].

INTRODUCTION: Immigration to Spain has been high in recent years, especially in some autonomous communities. In both deciduous and permanent teeth, immigrant children have a higher number of dental caries and a lower number of restored teeth than autochthonous schoolchildren. Few studies have compared the prevalence of dental caries between immigrant and autochthonous children. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of dental caries in two groups of children: an immigrant group and an autochthonous group. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study sample consisted of 600 children (235 immigrant children and 365 autochthonous children) aged between 6 and 10 years old who were living in the autonomous community of Valencia. The children were examined by two specialists, an odontologist and a pediatrician. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental caries was higher in immigrant children than in autochthonous children. In deciduous dentition, the prevalence of caries was 47.23 % and 32.05 % in immigrants and autochthonous children, respectively. In permanent dentition, the prevalence was 53.19 % and 35.34 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of dental caries was higher in immigrant children than in autochthonous children. Pediatricians and/or odontologists should aim to improve knowledge of good dental health care and habits among immigrant children and their parents.

Child↗
PubMed2005

[Black stain: a common problem in pediatrics].

BACKGROUND: Black stain is a common discoloration in pediatric patients. It is caused by microorganisms present in the saliva and is characterized by distinctive dark dots localized at the tooth surface parallel to the gingiva, both in deciduous and permanent dentition. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of black stain in a group of children in Valencia, Spain and its relationship with dental caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 1,100 children aged between 4 and 11 years old were examined by a single observer between January and June 2003. RESULTS: The prevalence of black stain varied in the children studied. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of black stain was 7.54 % in our study. No differences were found between sexes or between anterior and posterior teeth. Treatment of black stain consists of professional cleaning every couple of months since the discoloration frequently tends to reappear.

Child↗
PubMed2005

[Prevalence of oral habits and teeth alterations in schoolchildren from Valencia (Spain)].

INTRODUCTION: Oral habits are acquired through the repetition of actions that serve to calm an emotional need of the child. All these oral habits can change the position of the teeth and arches. Pediatricians should identify these habits to instigate successful treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of oral habits in 1,100 Valencian schoolchildren and identify the dental alterations associated with these habits. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between January and June 2003, 1,100 children aged between 4 and 11 years old were examined by two observers, a dentist and a pediatrician, who were specially trained to detect anomalous habits. RESULTS: The prevalence of each of the distinct habits studied varied. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusions of our study were: a) the prevalence of oral habits was 53 %; b) no differences in oral habits were found between boys and girls, and c) open bite, maxillary cross-bite and overjet can be related to oral habits, although this association was not statistically significant.

Child↗
PubMed2004

[Congresses of the Spanish Association of Pediatrics: bibliometric analysis as a springboard for debate].

BACKGROUND: Congresses are periodic meetings that are required to make known and discuss advances in the various fields of medicine. Bibliometric indicators are important tools used to determine the quality of scientific publications. However, this type of study is infrequently performed in free communications of congresses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A bibliometric study of all the free communications published in the congresses of the Spanish Association of Pediatrics over 4 years, divided in two periods (1996-1997 and 2000-2001) (n = 2677) was performed. Bibliometric indicators were classified into quantitative (productivity), qualitative (statistical accessibility) and scientific evidence. RESULTS: Quantitative indicators: There were 928 free communications in 1996, 681 in 1997, 560 in 2000, and 508 in 2001. Eighty-eight percent were in poster format and 87 % were in structured format. There was a median of six authors per communication. The main subject areas were infectology, neonatology, hemato-oncology, neurology and endocrinology. Ninety-five per cent of communications were signed by hospitals with a marked contribution by hospitals in Andalusia and Madrid. Qualitative indicators: Statistical accessibility < 2 in 86 % and > 7 in 2.9 %. Scientific evidence indicators: The quality of scientific evidence was good in only 1 % and was average in 9 %, since 90 % of all the studies were descriptive (mainly clinical cases). Evidence-based methodological concepts were used in only 1.9 %. Compared with 1996-1997, in 2000-2001 there were fewer communications, more posters, and more structured communications, as well as greater statistical accessibility and better scientific evidence indicators, but these differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Bibliometric study of the congresses of the Spanish Association of Pediatrics is a good starting point to analyze the quality of pediatric meetings and discuss possible solutions: a rigorous scientific committee with quality criteria, more analytical and/or experimental studies and fewer descriptive studies (especially clinical cases); restricting the number of authors per communication, greater collaboration with epidemiologists and/or biostatisticians, and favoring structured communications would also improve quality.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMed1998

[Stimulation increase in evoked acoustic otoemissions].

OBJECTIVE: Evoked otoacoustic emissions (OEAE) are an excellent evaluation method of the hearing organ and are principally useful in newborn screening. During the performance of this technique, doubtful cases sometimes exist and they are customarily considered as failures of the test, increasing the group of children to be re-evaluated. The program IL088 has the possibility of increasing the stimulus intensity (gain). We applied this gain to all children with doubtful OEAE in attempts to give a pass or fail score. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The record of OEAE was accomplished with the system IL088 v3.5. It was applied to 70 ears of healthy newborns, a gain of +15 dB initially and/or +21 dB (if a pass score was not obtained). Some normal ears were included in this group as controls. Of the explored ears, 23 had a normal OEAE, 17 presented a doubtful response and in 30 cases the answers were negative (fail). RESULTS: This study demonstrates that in doubtful cases, the usefulness of increasing the gain is very high permitting that these cases accomplish pass criteria (15/17). In the ears with a lack of response there is an increased response, but it usually does not reach a passing level (6/30). In children with normal response the pass rate does not vary. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in gain in ears with a doubtful response offers a high a rentability, reducing the the initial failure rate of OEAE without altering the real failure rate or affecting those that initially pass allowing a reduction in the number of second evaluations.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1997

[Evoked otoacoustic emissions in school children].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to determine the usefulness of evoked otoacoustic emissions (OEAE) as a screening method for the diagnosis of hearing loss in schoolchildren. PATIENTS AND METHODS: To this end and by using this method, we have studied 1,202 ears of 616 children in the 1st and 2nd grades of elementary school with a mean age of 6.2 years. The equipment employed was an Otodynamic Analyzer (ILO 88) by Otodynamics, Ltd and the program ILO 88, version 3.94. RESULTS: The results were OEAE positive in 1,041 ears (86.6% passed the test) and OEAE negative in 161 ears (13.4% failed the test). We have determined the percentiles of all the parameters of the test and of the responses in order to establish the normal values in this age group. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the OEAE for the detection of hearing loss should not be restricted to newborns. The OEAE can also be used as an auditive screening test in schoolchildren.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1997

[Influence of the middle ear on the measurement of otoacoustic emissions].

OBJECTIVE: Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) provide an objective, non-invasive measurement of cochlear function. OAEs have proven to have a high sensitivity and reasonable specificity for hearing impairment diagnosis, especially when used for infant screening. The lower specificity could be due to middle ear function and that this affects otoacoustic emissions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have carried out a study in 1,202 ears with a mean age of 6.2 years. Clinical otoscopy and OAE measurements were performed in all cases and tympanometry in those cases with a negative result in the recorded emissions. RESULTS: Statistical analysis of tympanogram type indicated significant association with tympanogram type B and the absence of OAEs, as well as with otoscopic findings of secretory otitis media. CONCLUSIONS: Middle ear function must be taken into consideration when OAEs are used in clinical application. The problem of low specificity is mainly due to the fact that middle ear function affects the presence or absence of emissions with normal cochlear function.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1996

[Diagnosis of otitis media with effusion by acoustic reflectometry].

OBJECTIVE: Acoustic reflectometry is a new technique based on a sonar that enables the diagnosis of middle ear effusion. Our objective was to assess its value and to know the cut-off figure for pathology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 586 children, from 1 month to 14 years of age, we performed bilateral otoscopy looking for signs of middle ear effusion. Afterwards, 3 measurements with the acoustic otoscope (ENT, Inc.) were taken and the results between the two methods compared. RESULTS: There was a significant association (p < 0.0001, Chi-squared) between results > 4 and middle ear effusion with a sensitivity of 84.2% and a specificity of 98.9%. CONCLUSIONS: Acoustic reflectometry has shown to be a very quick (< 10 seconds/ear), accurate and objective technique. It is painless and easy. It can be made in any child, without collaboration (crying or moving) and at any age.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1993

[Comparative study of tonal liminal audiometry and evoked otoacoustic emissions in school screening programs].

Early diagnosis of deafness is an important objective during the pediatric age. This study compares two different audiological techniques, otoacoustic emissions (OEA) and tonal audiometry (AUD), to be used as screening methods in school revisions programmed for 6 years olds. The correlation between techniques is very good (97% of the positives and 92% of the negatives). The OEA method is objective and faster if the environmental noise is low; if not, AUD seems to be more reliable. At this age (6 years), the otoacoustic emissions have characteristics of the adult age.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1992

[Results of a study of the presence of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in the newborn].

An otoacoustic emission is that part of sound that can be detected in the ear canal and is produced by the physiological cochlear activity involved in the auditive process. Some people have spontaneous oto-emissions (SOAE), which are emissions that can be registered without any stimulus. These are normal functional sounds of some cochleae. he aim of this study was to assess the presence of SOAE in newborns, as well as to study its incidence and relationship with the auditive process. The number of tested neonated was 364, 209 of whom had at least one ear with SOAE+ (57.4%). It was possible to do a bilateral test in only 324 newborns, 114 of whom had SOAE+ in both ears (35.18%). The total number of ears tested was 961 and in 453 of these a SOAE+ was detected (47.1%). This high incidence of SOAE corresponds to a very good cochlear condition compared to that of older people.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[Comparative study of evoked otoacoustic emissions and auditory potentials of the brain stem in the neonatal period].

Evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAE) are a recently discovered technique that is related to a good audiological status. It is a quick, simple and harmless test that can be used in neonatal screening. We report and compare here the results from a series of neonates in which we have performed both, this test and a brainstem response (ABR) test. The correlation between techniques was good, especially in normal positive neonates where the correlation was 100%. However, EOAE only explores the cochlear status and will not detect retrocochlear pathologies.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗