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Biomedical subjects

C Patterson

Publications and source records attributed to C Patterson.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo response times for a heated skin surface CO2 electrode during rest and exercise.

The continuous, noninvasive estimation of arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) by heated skin surface electrodes has recently become available for pediatric patients. Skin surface (PsCO2) electrodes can enhance the safety of procedures such as intubation, bronchoscopy, ventilator changes, sleep studies, or measurement of the ventilatory response to CO2 or hypoxia. However, clinical situations that include rapid changes in PaCO2 demand knowledge of the in vivo response time. We compared the response of a heated PsCO2 electrode to end tidal CO2 (PetCO2) during abrupt changes in inspired CO2 from room air to 7% CO2 and back to room air. We obtained 54 curves on nine healthy subjects. There was an initial lag time with less than a 10% change in PsCO2. Then PsCO2 approached PetCO2 exponentially. For subjects at rest changing from breathing room air to 7% CO2, the initial lag time was 40 +/- 2 seconds and the 50% response time of the exponential portion was 46 +/- 3 seconds. Thus, it took 86 seconds for the electrode to record a 60% response to an abrupt increase in inspired CO2. The initial lag and 50% response time were considerably shorter during exercise (30 +/- 2 and 33 +/- 2 seconds) and even shorter when switched from breathing 7% CO2 to room air (23 +/- 2 and 21 +/- 2 seconds). Exercise did not further reduce the response time when CO2 was initially elevated, suggesting the faster response time was due to vasodilation of the skin due to elevated CO2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laboratory diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia: an overview.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: To determine the diagnostic values of laboratory tests used in the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia, the authors conducted a systematic overview of the relevant literature. Computerized searches of the MEDLINE database yielded 1,179 potentially relevant citations. Fifty-five studies included the results of laboratory tests and histologic examination of the bone marrow for at least 50% of an identifiable patient group. In these 55 studies, quality was assessed and descriptive information concerning the study populations, the tests conducted, and the results was extracted, all in duplicate. RESULTS: Serum ferritin radioimmunoassay was by far the most powerful test, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.95. Test properties differed for populations of patients with inflammatory, liver, or neoplastic disease and patients without these conditions. Likelihood ratio lines, which allow precise interpretation of results across the entire range of ferritin concentration values, were constructed for the individual populations. CONCLUSION: Serum ferritin radioimmunoassay is an extremely powerful test for the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia and, appropriately interpreted, can be applied to the complete range of patients.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of the dietary fatty acid component on the release of 14C-taurocholate, 14C-bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate transaminase by isolated rat liver cells.

Rats were fed liquid diets for 7 days containing either triolein or Liposyn, which is rich in linoleic acid, as fat sources, and liver cell suspensions were prepared following collagenase perfusion. The release from isolated cells of alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase during a 3-hr incubation did not differ. The uptake and release of 14C-taurocholate during a brief incubation was lower but not significantly in Liposyn-fed rats (0.1 greater than p greater than 0.05): the uptake was 9.74 +/- 1.58 vs 16.7 +/- 3.3 nmol/mg protein in triolein-fed rats; the release was 3.17 +/- 0.65 vs 5.35 +/- 1.01 nmol/mg protein in triolein-fed rats. The uptake of 14C-aminolevulinic acid was similar in both groups, but release of 14C-bilirubin during a 30-min incubation was 5,420 +/- 1010 in the Liposyn group vs 12,030 +/- 2,200 dpm/mg protein in the triolein group (p = 0.02). It is concluded that a diet high in linoleic acid decreases bilirubin release in isolated liver cells consistent with the ability of this diet to cause cholestasis in vivo.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The advanced nurse practitioner: common attributes.

Nurses practice at different levels of expertise regardless of education, specialty area and primary, secondary, or tertiary care setting; therefore, education, specialization and location of practice must not be the sole determinants of advanced nurse practitioners. Rather, it is the appropriate knowledge base combined with specific characteristics and behaviors which clearly set them apart from other practitioners in nursing. Through a review of relevant literature this article defines advanced practice, describes different roles assumed by the advanced nurse practitioner and identifies and discusses some of the attributes and behaviors which are evident in all advanced practitioners.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The economic value of nursing.

The economic value of nursing relates to the purchaser's perspective. A three-level model of nursing services purchasers is presented. Selected economic/management concepts are examined in relation to nursing's economic value and these three purchaser perspectives.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗