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Biomedical subjects

C Perris

Publications and source records attributed to C Perris.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Cognitive therapy in the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorders.

Cognitive therapy, originally conceived for the treatment of emotional illnesses, has been successively used also in treating patients with more severe mental disorders. In this article, the results obtained by Shearin & Linehan (this volume) in a few controlled trials of dialectical behavior therapy in patients with borderline personality disorders are discussed. Differences between the treatment approach followed by Shearin & Linehan, which focuses on the modification of specific behaviors, and that favored by the author, which is aimed at restructuring dysfunctional working models of self and environment, are highlighted. In the conclusion it is emphasized that the use of a structured, didactic and cognitive-behaviorally oriented approach focused on personal growth might represent an important and much wanted breakthrough in the treatment of the most disturbed patients with a borderline personality disorder.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1994

Cognitive therapy with schizophrenic patients.

Cognitive therapy has emerged as a feasible and valuable complement to the treatment of patients suffering from a schizophrenic disorder. It can be carried out at various levels and with different goals in mind and its use is not in conflict with concomitant and strictly individualized medication. In the article some of the approaches most commonly used are pointed out and some of the results of various approaches are highlighted.

Cognition Disorders↗
PubMed1992

Determinants of recall of parental rearing behavior. The influence of age or loss of parents by separation or death.

In a study of 562 psychiatric inpatients and 251 healthy controls, relationships between age of proband and related life events (divorce of parents, death of a parent) and the perceived parental rearing have been investigated. The inverse relationships obtained could be explained by the higher number of divorced parents among younger subjects with negatively experienced parental rearing practices on the one hand and an idealization of the parents who had died on the other hand. In psychiatric patients these relationships and differences were more pronounced pointing to the importance of parental rearing as a vulnerability factor for mental problems during adulthood. The necessity to control for age in studies of perceived parental rearing became obvious by the present results.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The distinction between unipolar and bipolar mood disorders. A 25-years perspective.

The paper deals with a critical appraisal of the state of art of the distinction between bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent affective disorders. However already propounded several years earlier by Leonhard, a distinction between bipolar and unipolar affective disorders has first been taken into general consideration during the last quarter of a century. It is currently firmly established in the most widely accepted international classification systems, and is taken into account in the major psychiatric textbooks. Looking back at the evolution of this distinction, to which research work by the present author has greatly contributed, there are reasons to feel both satisfied and unsatisfied at the same time. Satisfaction arises from the fact that a distinction between bipolar and unipolar affective disorders has contributed to advance our understanding of the nosology of the depressive states, hence, contributing to a higher degree of homogeneity in the populations of patients in research. Dissatisfaction, instead, is born by the ever increasing widening of the scope of the concept of bipolar and unipolar to which current classification systems greatly contribute.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1991

An interactionistic integrating view of depressive disorders and their treatment.

The development of a depressive disorder is often considered from the perspective of biological causation, mental processes, or with a focus on possible social determinants, even though the possible concomitance of factors belonging to the different domains is generally acknowledged. In this article, a further development of an interactional model previously described is presented. The model is focused on the concept of individual vulnerability, which is assumed to result from a continuous interplay of the individuals with their environment, and from the effect of factors belonging to different domains that interact. A closer definition of individual vulnerability suggests that it consists of the interaction of biological characteristics of the person and a basically dysfunctional self-schema. Empirical studies in support of some of the hypotheses which can be derived from the model are briefly reviewed, and the implications of the model for the treatment of depression is underscored.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMed1990

Patterns of course in patients with a cross-sectional diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder.

The authors conducted a longitudinal study on two samples of patients, fulfilling Research Diagnostic Criteria for schizoaffective disorder and for major affective disorder, respectively. The long-term course in patients defined cross-sectionally as schizoaffective was very heterogeneous. Ten different patterns of course were identified. In schizoaffectives showing a bipolar course with the occurrence of pure affective episodes, the outcome was not different from that in patients with a cross-sectional diagnosis of major affective disorder, whereas in schizoaffectives whose course was characterized by the occurrence of schizodepressive episodes only, or of schizodepressive and schizophrenic episodes, the outcome was significantly poorer than in patients diagnosed as affective.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The importance of Karl Leonhard's classification of endogenous psychoses.

In this paper the author highlights the importance that the classificatory work carried out by Leonhard has had for recent international developments in the classification of mental disorders. In particular, the diagnostic relevance of a distinction between bipolar and unipolar affective disorders and the separation of the cycloid psychotic disorders from other major psychoses is underscored.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1990

[The EMBU project--a multinational study of the importance of parental child rearing behavior for the development of psychopathologic phenomena].

The influence of childhood experience on psychological development is discussed from various scientific viewpoints. Against this background, the origin of the cross-cultural, multinational EMBU Project on the relationship between upbringing in the family and psychopathology is described. It becomes obvious that a systematic, cross-cultural, and theory-orientated approach can bring significant material for the development of psychiatric theory.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Cross-national generalizability of dimensions of perceived parental rearing practices: Hungary and The Netherlands; a correction and repetition with healthy adolescents.

In a previous study, an attempt was undertaken to examine whether dimensions of parental rearing style as measured with the Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran (EMBU) on dimensions of Rejection, Emotional Warmth, Overprotection, and Favoring Subject can be generalized from Dutch adult samples, for whom they were originally interpreted from factor analyses, to an Hungarian adult sample. The findings suggested either differences in the meaning of the constructs between Hungarians and the Dutch or the presence of errors of translation in the Hungarian version. To rule out the possibility of inadequate translation, the Hungarian item-content was cross-checked by our Hungarian coworkers and, after reformulating several items, used for obtaining new data with a sample of adolescents. On the whole, negative findings with the old version disappeared with the new; clear evidence was found here for qualitative similarity/identity of the Rejection, Emotional Warmth, and Overprotection dimensions across the Dutch and Hungarian samples. Further studies with Hungarian persons are needed to examine whether these dimensions generalize from (nonpatient) adolescent to adult samples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A theoretical framework for linking the experience of dysfunctional parental rearing attitudes with manifest psychopathology.

The results of several investigations suggest a possible relationship between a subject's experience of the rearing attitudes of his parents and the later development of various kinds of psychopathological disorders. Most studies, however, are based on small populations and on dubious assumptions about linear causal relationships between parental rearing practices and poorly defined mental disorders. This article gives a theoretical background to a comprehensive multinational study of rearing practices and psychopathology, now in progress. It is suggested that dysfunctional parental rearing practices may contribute to the development of dysfunctional self-schemata by the offspring and that these dysfunctional self-schemata represent an important pathogenetic link between rearing practices and psychopathological disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The early family situation of Hungarian depressed patients.

In a series of fifty depressed patients and 258 controls possible differences in the early family situation as concerns parental rearing practices have been investigated by means of the Swedish EMBU inventory. The results show that the depressive experienced their parents as more "rejecting", more "overprotecting" and less "emotionally warm" as compared to their normal counterparts.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The concept of cycloid psychotic disorder.

The concept of cycloid psychosis or cycloid psychotic disorder has been used in the European psychiatric literature for almost half a century. However, it has now for the first time been comprised into the 10th revision of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) that is currently in the phase of field trials. In this article evidence is presented that supports the independence of cycloid psychotic disorder from other major psychotic disorders. In particular, evidence is presented in favour of the clinical and predictive validity of the cycloid psychosis construct. Issues related to treatment are discussed and suggestions for future research are given.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Age at onset of affective disorders in Italian and Swedish patients.

Variability of age at onset in affective disorder is a complex event where several variables play a role, resulting in a detectable observed distribution which can be viewed as related to the structural mechanism of the disease. To confirm previous results on factors affecting the distribution of onset in affective disorders, we studied its distribution pattern in two different populations, Italian and Swedish, with an analytic approach that does not require specifications of any a priori hypothesis. The findings in this study, however, tend to confirm the biological nature of the age of onset phenomenon and to exclude cultural determinants. On the other hand, it does not exclude that other factors, not considered in this study, may be operating. This result is very important under the hypothesis of a genetic ethiopathogenesis of affective disorders, and some of its implications are discussed.

Adolescent↗