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C Petersson

Publications and source records attributed to C Petersson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Consumption of psychopharmaceuticals in residential facilities for the elderly. Evaluation of the extent, indications and effects].

Previous studies have shown a high level of consumption of psychopharmacological drugs in nursing homes. A questionnaire study in Kronoberg County in the autumn of 1998 investigated treatment with psychopharmacological drugs at ten nursing homes with a total of 405 care recipients. The questionnaire included questions about the extent of treatment, indications, duration of treatment and evaluation routines. Some 59% of the recipients, with a variation of 48-73% in different homes, were in continuous treatment with psychopharmacological drugs. Disturbances of sleep, depression and anxiety accounted for 79% of all indications. For 84%, treatment duration was not time-limited ("until further notice"). Assessments by the care staff were the most common evaluation procedure. In only 43% of cases were patients' self-evaluations heeded. Neuroleptics were probably overused, often with indications other than psychotic symptoms. Repeated treatment evaluations involving different categories of staff are important if excessive medication is to be avoided.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

A new method to visualize the Helicobacter pylori-associated Lewis(b)-binding adhesin utilizing SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling.

Freeze-fracture replica labeling has become a versatile tool to visualize both membrane components and other cell structures using SDS-replica cleaning before specific immunogold labeling of proteins or lipids. We report here for the first time the adoption and optimization of the method to studies of bacterial envelopes, as applied to structural analysis of the distribution of the unique BabA-adhesin of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. BabA is important for bacterial adherence to the human epithelial cell lining of the stomach. The adhesin was found to be distributed all over the bacterial cell surfaces. Our results suggest that the SDS-replica labeling allows assessment of protein localization to distinct cell compartments and analysis of co-localization with neighboring membrane structures.

Adhesins, Bacterial↗
PubMed2000

Streptomyces halstedii K122 produces the antifungal compounds bafilomycin B1 and C1.

Streptomyces halstedii K122 was previously found to produce antifungal compounds on solid substrates that inhibit radial growth of fungi among Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes, Oomycetes, and Zygomycetes, and strongly affected hyphal branching and morphology. During growth of S. halstedii K122 in submerged culture, no antifungal activity could be detected. However, cultivation of S. halstedii in thin (1 mm) liquid substrate layers in large surface-area tissue culture flasks caused intense growth and sporulation of S. halstedii K122, and the biologically active compounds could be extracted from the mycelium with methanol. Antifungal compounds were purified using C18 solid phase extraction and silica gel column chromatography, and identified as bafilomycins B1 and C1, using 2D NMR and FAB MS. Production of bafilomycins, which are specific inhibitors of vacuolar ATPases, has not been reported from S. halstedii previously. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of bafilomycins B1 and C1, amphotericin B, and nikkomycin Z were determined at pH 5.5 and 7.0 for the target fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Mucor hiemalis, Penicillium roqueforti, and Paecilomyces variotii. Penicillium roqueforti was the most sensitive species to all the compounds investigated. The MIC values for amphotericin B were 0.5-4 micrograms.mL-1 for the fungi tested, and pH did not affect the toxicity. The MIC values for nikkomycin Z ranged from < 0.5 microgram.mL-1 for Mucor hiemalis to > 500 micrograms.mL-1 for Aspergillus fumigatus, and pH had no influence on toxicity. Bafilomycins B1 and C1 were equally active against the fungal species tested, with MIC values in the range of < 0.5-64 micrograms.mL-1. All fungi were more sensitive to both bafilomycin B1 and C1 at pH 7.0 than at pH 5.5.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1999

Structures of the O-specific polysaccharides from Yokenella regensburgei (Koserella trabulsii) strains PCM 2476, 2477, 2478, and 2494: high-resolution magic-angle spinning NMR investigation of the O-specific polysaccharides in native lipopolysaccharides and directly on the surface of living bacteria.

The structures of the carbohydrate O-specific side-chain moiety of the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Yokenella regensburgei, strains PCM 2476, 2477, 2478, and 2494, have been investigated by (1)H and (13)C NMR, fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry (FAB-MSMS), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis, and immunological methods. It was concluded that the O-specific polysaccharides of strains 2476, 2477, 2478, and 2494 are composed of the same basic trisaccharide repeating unit having the structure -->3)-alpha-D-FucpNAc-(1-->2)-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1-->3)-6-deoxy -alpha-L- Talp-(1-->, in which L-alpha-D-Hepp is L-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptopyranose. The detailed analysis revealed, however, differences in O-acetylation patterns of the 6-deoxy-L-talose residue, with 2- and 4-O-acetyl disubstituted -->3)-6-deoxy-alpha-L-Talp-(1--> in strain PCM 2476 and a 2-O-acetylated residue in strains 2477, 2478, and 2494. These structures represent novel, trisaccharide repeating units of bacterial O-antigens that are characteristic and unique to the Y. regensburgeispecies. By use of the high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HR-MAS) technique, (1)H NMR spectra of the O-polysaccharides directly in isolated LPS were obtained. This allowed for almost full assignment and structural determination of the polysaccharide. By this technique the O-polysaccharide components were also observed in their original form directly on the surface of living bacterial cells.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1999

Which women stop smoking? A population-based study of 403 pregnant smokers.

OBJECTIVE: To describe, in detail, the smoking cessation process during pregnancy, and to find out which women are most and least successful at reducing or giving up smoking. DESIGN: Prospective, population-based study. SETTING: All antenatal clinics in Kronoberg County in southern Sweden. SUBJECTS: Four hundred and three women, smoking at the time of conception, and registered for antenatal care in the period June 1993 to September 1994. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported number of cigarettes smoked per day and percentage of smoking women in different weeks of pregnancy. Noted by midwives on special forms. RESULTS: At the time of registration at the antenatal clinic, the proportion of smoking women had fallen from 100% to 76%, and at the postpartum check-up, the proportion had fallen further to 56%. For the women still smoking, the mean number of smoked cigarettes per day fell from 14.1 before the pregnancy, to 8.6 in week 12, and 6.3 in week 40, and then rose to 9.5 after the pregnancy. Heavy smokers and women with smoking partners continued smoking to a greater extent, as did multiparae and women in unqualified jobs. CONCLUSION: The individual anti-smoking advice given during pregnancy should be aimed primarily at these risk groups, and the partner should be involved in the woman's attempt to cease smoking. There is much left to be done at the antenatal clinic, as more than half of the women were still smoking a few months after pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Screening for type 2 diabetes is justified].

Screening for type II diabetes can be implemented opportunistically in primary care. Random blood glucose testing of people consulting in primary care, and at high risk of diabetes (i.e., those with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, obesity, or diabetes heredity, and Asian and African immigrants), followed by annual monitoring, will detect approximately 60 per cent of cases of hitherto undetected diabetes. As the World Health Organisation has proposed a fasting blood glucose value of > 6.1 mmol/L as the cut-off level for diabetes, in primary care a random value of > 6.7 mmol/L would be an appropriate indicator for further examination. The age-group to be screened will depend on demographic criteria and the workload at the centre.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed1998

[Screening in primary health care. How do the new criteria affect the incidence of diabetes?].

That type 2 diabetes is a disease fulfilling most of the criteria justifying screening is argued in the article. Currently there are probably 50-100,000 cases of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Sweden, i.e., 6-12 per 1,000 of the population, a figure that could be substantially reduced by more consistent use of opportunistic screening in primary care. With good organisation of daily work routines, the screening itself need not require significantly more resources. However, satisfactory management of newly diagnosed patients may require further resources and other, more effective reception facilities, particularly if the more stringent diagnostic criteria adopted in the USA in 1997 are ratified by inclusion the WHO recommendations soon to be published.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1998

The Malmö-Klaipeda WFH twinning programme: a comparative description of the haemophilia cohorts.

In 1994, the Malmö-Klaipeda twinning programme was approved by the World Federation of Hemophilia. One of the first steps in the collaboration has been to set up a registry of the haemophilia patients in the Klaipeda area. In order to collect important clinical data the patients have been examined jointly by experts on haemophilia from the two centres. Seventeen out of 25 patients with severe haemophilia known at the Klaipeda centre were examined and compared to a matched cohort of patients from the Malmö centre. The main differences between the cohorts were that home treatment was not available to the Klaipeda patients, they received less treatment in general, had higher joint scores and more frequent bleeds. The pattern of transmission of blood-borne virus was very similar, with a high prevalence of hepatitis C antibodies. We conclude that the twinning programme between Malmö and Klaipeda has resulted in several achievements, including training of staff and a necessary inventory of the patients. This should not only form a suitable platform for the future development of haemophilia care in Lithuania, but could also serve as an example for liaisons between other haemophilia centres.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Structural studies of the O-specific chains of Hafnia alvei strains 744, PCM 1194 and PCM 1210 lipopolysaccharides.

The structures of the O-specific chains of the Hafnia alvei strain 744 and PCM strains 1194 and 1210 lipopolysaccharides have been investigated. Methylation analysis, dephosphorylation, NMR spectroscopy, matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry were the principal methods used. It was concluded that the polysaccharides of strains 744 and PCM 1194 are composed of the same pentasaccharide repeating unit having the following structure: [structure in text] and that the polysaccharide of strain PCM 1210 is composed of a pentasaccharide repeating unit having the following structure: [structure in text].

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Structural studies of the O-specific chain of Hafnia alvei strain PCM 1190 lipopolysaccharide.

The structure of the O-specific side-chain of the lipopolysaccharide of Hafnia alvei strain PCM 1190 has been investigated. Methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis, Smith degradation, NMR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF, and FAB mass spectrometry in combination with collision-induced-decomposition MS/MS were the principal methods used. It was concluded that the polysaccharide is composed of heptasaccharide repeating units having the following structure: [formula: see text] Only 80% of the repeating units are complete, whereas 20% of them are lacking the alpha-D-glucopyranosyl group.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Structural studies of the O-specific polysaccharide of Hafnia alvei strain PCM 1206 lipopolysaccharide containing D-allothreonine.

The structure of the O-specific side-chain of the Hafnia alvei strain PCM 1206 lipopolysaccharide has been investigated. Methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis, FAB-MS/MS and 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy were the principal methods used. D-Allothreonine (D-aThr), amide-linked to the D-galacturonic acid, was identified as a constituent in the polysaccharide and the following structure of a pentasaccharide repeating unit was established: [structure: see text].

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Karyotypic abnormalities in fibroadenomas of the breast.

Short-term cultures of 50 fibroadenomas of the breast were cytogenetically analyzed. Nine tumors were found to display clonal chromosome aberrations. One had multiple, cytogenetically unrelated clones, whereas the others had a single abnormal clone each. Four cases had one balanced translocation as the sole anomaly, and one had a complex intrachromosomal rearrangement of chromosome 3, leading to loss of 3p material. One fibroadenoma had a single numerical aberration, and one had supernumerary ring chromosomes. The remaining 2 cases had both numerical and structural aberrations. The only recurrent alterations were trisomy 20 and rearrangement of chromosome arm 1p. The finding of similar chromosomal aberrations in fibroadenomas and carcinomas suggests that women with karyotypically abnormal fibroadenomas may have an increased risk of developing subsequent breast cancer. If so, different chromosome anomalies might have different pathogenetic and/or prognostic significance.

Adolescent↗