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Biomedical subjects

C Piérard-Franchimont

Publications and source records attributed to C Piérard-Franchimont.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Cutaneous adverse effects of lithium].

Oral administration of lithium is used as treatment in psychiatry. The drug frequently induces cutaneous side effects corresponding to acneiform or maculo-papular eruptions, psoriasis and folliculitis. Men are more frequently affected than women. These manifestations are characterized by the accumulation of neutrophils in the skin. Alopecia and classical drug reactions are also possible. Topical applications of lithium used to treat some dermatoses do not induce similar side effects, probably because dosages are much lower.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

[The calcipotriol-betamethasone dipropionate association].

The topical treatment of psoriasis benefits from the alternate use of dermocorticosteroids and vitamin D3 analogues. A new galenic formulation allows to combine them in a single application. Dovobet (LEO Pharma) ointment is the association of calcipotriol 50 microg/g with betamethasone dipoprionate 0.5 mg/g. This formulation boosts the therapeutic activity of calcipotriol. It also decreases the irritative inflammatory reaction due to calcipotriol without increasing the atrophogenic risk of the dermocorticoid.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2005

[From love apple to skin bouquet ... and if it also exhaled phaeromones?].

Skin exhales odours forming a bouquet which seems unique for each individual. The westernised socio-cultural behaviour tends to suppress them and to replace them by perfumes. The existence and the role of human phaeromones remain unsettled. Physiological and behavioural effects can be modulated by body odours and their putative phaeromones.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

Itraconazole corneofungimetry bioassay on Malassezia species.

Yeasts of the genus Malassezia are part of the normal skin biocenosis and are involved in a series of distinct skin disorders and specific dermatomycoses in man and animals. Several species are currently distinguished. Their relative in vitro susceptibility to antifungals appears different according to the species and to the nature and route of administration of the drug. Corneofungimetry is an ex vivo bioassay allowing to test the fungal response on human stratum corneum following oral intake of a given antifungal by volunteers. Two series of cyanoacrylate skin surface strippings (CSSS) were harvested from the volar forearm of 30 volunteers before and after a 2-week treatment with itraconazole 200 mg daily. They were coated by olive oil and inoculated with suspensions of seven different Malassezia spp. After a 1-week culture on CSSS, the amount of viable yeasts was assessed using neutral red staining assisted by computerized image analysis. Growth of the seven species was not similar on the CSSS from untreated stratum corneum. The ranking order from the most proliferative to the least was M. restricta, M. sympodialis, M. globosa, M. furfur, M. obtusa, M. slooffiae and M. pachydermatis. Their growth was abated to almost the same level after itraconazole treatment. It is concluded that in vivo treatment with itraconazole is highly active against all Malassezia spp. colonizing the human stratum corneum.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

Effect of haemodialysis on acoustic shear wave propagation in the skin.

BACKGROUND: Diverse skin alterations may develop in patients under chronic haemodialysis. Among them, signs of premature photo-ageing have been described. AIM: To assess alterations in the physical properties of skin consistent with ageing effects and with cutaneous fluid exchanges during haemodialysis sessions. METHODS: In the first part of the study, 45 haemodialysed patients were compared to 45 age-, sex- and body-mass-index-matched healthy subjects. In the second part of the study, skin of 30 haemodialysed patients was assessed immediately before and after a haemodialysis session. The speed of ultrasound shear wave propagation was measured in each subject. Series of 16 multidirectional resonance running time measurements (RRTM) were performed on the forehead and/or the volar forearm. They were averaged for each subject. The corresponding intra-individual coefficients of variation were calculated as an estimate of the skin mechanical anisotropy. RESULTS: In both haemodialysed patients and their matched controls, RRTM values were significantly higher on the forearms than on the forehead. By contrast, no significant difference was found in RRTM values that could be ascribed to chronic haemodialysis. However, RRTM values were significantly increased as an immediate and probably transient effect of haemodialysis sessions. In healthy subjects, ageing was associated with increased RRTM values. CONCLUSION: Chronic haemodialysis does not appear to influence significantly the functional expression of the dermal ageing process. Subtle fluid movements occurring in the skin during haemodialysis sessions can be assessed by measuring non-invasively the speed of ultrasound shear wave propagation in the skin.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[How I prevent...skin cancers: from information to the telly-belly syndrome].

During the past decades, the incidence of skin cancers has been on the rise in Wallonia as in other regions of similar latitude in the rest of the world. Awareness of the population to the dangers of sun exposure and to the benefit of early cancer diagnosis is of the upmost importance and undisputed. The impact of the information delivered by the media and of the actions initiated by physicians is heterogeneous. The positive and unquestionable aspect is hampered if the population at risk is not properly targeted. It is also reduced if the problem understanding creates a surge in telly-belly syndrome.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2004

[How I explore ... diaper dermatitis].

Diaper dermatitis is a frequent condition. Several clinical types are distinguished. The most frequent type results from increased fragility of the newborn buttock skin when covered by diapers. According to the mechanisms involved and the severity of the dermatitis, one can distinguish the intertrigo of the chubby baby, and the so-called "W", "Y" and "red panties" types of diaper dermatitis. When the effects of occlusion are not controlled by adequate absorption by the diapers, hyperhydration of the stratum corneum occurs and progresses to maceration. As a result, the value of the coefficient of friction of the skin increases with epidermal weakening to rubbing. In addition, fecal enzymes (urease, proteases and lipases) alter urines and skin. Judicious hygiene measures and the correct choice of diapers are mandatory. Cutaneous colonization by microorganisms, the most important of which being Candida albicans, is the main complication. Adequate preventive and curative measures can combat diaper dermatitis with confidence. A miconazole paste allows to improve the tribological properties of the interface between diapers and the skin. It also abates the impact of Candida albicans in the pathogenesis of the skin disorder.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2004

[How I explore ... an enlarged red leg].

A consultation motivated by an enlarged red leg is a common situation. The causes are multiple and the diagnosis primarily relies on case history and physical examination distinguishing inflammatory red legs from erythemato-violaceous presentations. Additional diagnostic search cannot be described as a single standardized procedure. Each disease calls for specific and different paraclinical investigations. The most frequent cause is erysipelas or a thrombophlebitis. Some vascular malformations and some functional circulatory disturbances are also possible, as well as sequelae of panniculitis or borreliosis.

Erysipelas↗
PubMed2004

[Paroxysmal acne].

Contrasting with the chronic evolution of acne vulgar, other types of acne are characterized by paroxysmal outbreaks. They can be endogenous or exogenous in origin. Each of these two groups can be further divided into separate entities.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2004

[Paroxismal reactions of the scalp].

The scalp is a unique site of the human body that may exhibit some particular physiopathological reactions. A few manifestations are paroxysmal. The main ones are the acute pruritus of pediculosis, and the pruritus at onset of dandruff or seborrhoeic dermatitis. One must add the telogen effuvium after solar exposure or during the post-partum, and the anagen dystrophic alopecia following chemotherapy. Other paroxysmal events include acute canitia and alopecia areata.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

[Severe paroxysmal drug eruptions].

Some drug reactions showing cutaneous expression exhibit a paroxysmal course. These diseases encompass the toxic epidermal necrolysis, the drug hypersensitivity syndrome, and the acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis. These syndromes are associated with dismal outcome. They represent medical emergencies needing hospitalization in specialized care units.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

[How I treat... the critical bacterial colonization of a leg ulcer. The Yin and the Yang features of silver-based dressings].

The critical bacterial colonizaion of leg ulcers can impair their healing rate, aggravate the patient discomfort and increase the medical and nursing costs. In recent times, the dressings designed for leg ulcers have followed a pace of conceptual revolution. Some of them are now offered containing an antiseptic of the silver salt family. The silver concentraton delivered into the wound bed is important to consider when assessing treatment efficacy. The diversity of the silver-based dressings currently on the European market is as large as their differences in activity. Only a minority of these dressings adequately control the wound biocenosis. Their cost which is high for the patient, must be compared to that of nursing care that may become less important. The expected beneficit is a reduction in healing time.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed2004

[How I treat ...scalp psoriasis].

Scalp involvement by psoriasis requires a ted treatment suited to the particularities of the anatomical site In course of time, the improvement of therapeutic agents and the galenic refinement have enhanced both the efficacy and cosmetic acceptability of the scalp care. The main therapeutic classes encompass keratolytics, dermocorticosteroids and vitamine D3 analogues. The patient compliance is reported to be best for the liquid or foam formulations.

Betamethasone↗
PubMed2004

[How I explore... Hair loss in cancer patients].

Increased hair loss followed, in some instances by an acute focal or total alopecia, can develop in some cancer patients. The surgical stress or procedure, radiotherapy and some chemotherapy regimens can be responsible for these disturbing events. The alopecia is transient or permanent according to its origin. Diverse diagnostic and prognostic methods are available for assessing alopecias. The trichogram is a rewarding one.

Alopecia↗
PubMed2003

Regional variability in mottled subclinical melanoderma in the elderly.

The density in melanin chromatophores becomes heterogeneous in the epidermis during the early events of photoaging. Little is known about the regional variability in the resulting mottled skin appearance on the sun-exposed parts of the body in the elderly. The relationship between these features and the dermal atrophy related to aging is also an area ripe for study. The aim of the present study was to objectively assess and compare such aspects of photoaging in older subjects. A computer-assisted video camera equipped with an internal ultraviolet-emitting unit (Visioscan) was used in combination with image analysis to quantify the infraclinical mottling of the skin on the forehead, neck and dorsal forearm. A Densi Score device served to assess the dermal atrophy by rating the skin folding capacity. A mottled subclinical melanoderma was disclosed on the three evaluation sites in all subjects irrespective of their phototypes. Three main patterns were identified corresponding to regular perifollicular dots, streaky macules along shallow wrinkles and unevenly shaped macules in the interfollicular area. The extent in melanoderma was larger on the forehead than on the neck and forearm. The age after 60 years did not influence the severity of mottled melanoderma, but clearly altered the skin folding capacity. The greatest inter-individual differences in mottled melanoderma were found in phototype II subjects. In conclusion, infraclinical mottled melanoderma is present in all individuals after 60 years of age. This type of epidermal photoaging does not appear to be influenced in older ages. By contrast, skin laxity due to dermal aging continues to progress beyond the age of 60 years.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Adverse cutaneous reactions to antidepressants].

Due to the widespread usage of antidepressants by the population, they represent a class of drugs which is at high risk for cutaneous side effects. The diversity in the clinical presentations is large. The variability in their severity is large as well. Morbidity may be quite severe, but the vital prognosis is rarely affected.

Alopecia↗