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C Pinelli

Publications and source records attributed to C Pinelli.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Immunohistochemical demonstration of FSH and LH in the pituitary of the developing frog, Rana esculenta.

The ontogenetic pattern of immunohistochemically detectable FSH beta and LH beta cells was investigated in the pars distalis of the pituitary of the frog, Rana esculenta. The appearance, distribution, and percentage of these cells were examined in tadpoles from soon after hatching to the end of metamorphosis and in juveniles. We used monoclonal antibodies against bullfrog FSH beta and LH beta for single staining, and either mouse anti-bullfrog LH beta + guinea pig anti-rat FSH beta or rabbit polyclonal anti-bullfrog LH beta + mouse monoclonal anti-bullfrog FSH beta for double staining. The first appearance of gonadotropes, immunopositive for FSH beta, was revealed in stage 26 tadpoles. In successive stages of development the percentage of FSH beta-positive cells increased progressively and significantly. The mean percentage of these in the pars distalis cells increased from 0.7% in stage 26 to nearly 10% during the metamorphic climax (stages 31-33). In juveniles, the mean percentage of FSH beta-positive cells increased more than twofold compared to the climax value. The appearance of LH beta-positive cells was first recorded during the climax, and the mean percentage of LH beta-positive cells in juveniles reached levels as high as 30% or more, exceeding the number of FSH beta-positive cells. In climax, all LH beta-positive cells stained with anti-FSH beta as well. In juveniles, however, up to 80% of gonadotropes demonstrated colocalization of FSH beta and LH beta staining. We argue that both gonadotropins may be synthesized in all gonadotropes, and a small number of cells immunoreactive to either of the two gonadotropins may simply indicate that at that particular moment the cell contained detectable amounts of only one form of gonadotropin. These observations are discussed in relation to the possible involvement of hypothalamic influence in the differentiation of gonadotropes of the pituitary.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Neuropeptide Y: localization in the brain and pituitary of the developing frog (Rana esculenta).

The immunohistochemical localization of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like peptide has been investigated in the peripheral terminal nerve, brain and pituitary of the frog, Rana esculenta, during development. Soon after hatching, a rather simple NPY-immunoreactive (-ir) neuronal system is present, with elements located mainly in the diencephalon. When hind limbs appear and develop, the NPY-neuronal system undergoes considerable elaboration and NPY-ir perikarya appear in several regions of the telencephalon (dorsal, medial, and lateral pallium; medial septum; medioventral telencephalon; anterior preoptic area), diencephalon (ventromedial, central and posterior thalamic nuclei; suprachiasmatic nucleus; infundibulum), mesencephalon (anteroventral mesencephalic tegmentum), and rhombencephalon (central grey; area of the cerebellar and vestibular nuclei). The frequency of NPY-ir neurons increases during larval development, and then decreases in the anterior preoptic area during the metamorphic climax. Dense plexuses of NPY-ir fibers are formed in several brain areas. NPY-ir fibers are found in the peripheral terminal nerve, and ir-neurons through its course along the ventromedial surface of the olfactory bulbs. NPY-ir fiber projections to the median eminence and pars intermedia derive mainly from the ventral infundibular group of NPY-ir neurons, with a contribution from the suprachiasmatic group of NPY neurons. NPY and carboxyl terminal flanking peptide of proneuropeptide Y coexist in the same neurons throughout the brain. The ontogenetic pattern of NPY-ir neuronal system in the brain of Rana esculenta is remarkably different than that reported for Xenopus laevis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Development and distribution of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal systems in the frog (Rana esculenta) brain: immunohistochemical analysis.

The ontogenesis of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal systems was studied in the brain of the frog, Rana esculenta. Attention was also focussed on the differential distribution of molecular forms of GnRH during development. The first GnRH-immunoreactive neurons appear in the mesencephalon of posterior limb-stage tadpoles. These neurons are shown to contain only chicken [His5,Trp7,Tyr8]GnRH (cGnRH-II). Later in development, mammalian [Tyr5,Leu7,Arg8] GnRH (mGnRH)-like peptide-containing neurons appear simultaneously in the terminal nerve as well as in the anterior preoptic area of the telencephalon. Subsequently, only after metamorphosis, mGnRH-containing neurons appear in the medial septal area of the posterior telencephalon. It is here shown that neurons containing the two forms of GnRH are distributed in distinct brain areas during development and in the adult: mGnRH-immunoreactive neurons in the terminal nerve, olfactory bulb, mediobasal telencephalon, medial septal area, anterior preoptic area, ventrolateral thalamus and infundibulum, whereas cGnRH-II neurons are located in the mesencephalon. We hypothesize that the terminal nerve/forebrain-located GnRH neurons express immunohistochemically late in development and originate extracranially migrating centrally, along the terminal nerve, during development, whereas those located in the mesencephalon express earlier and may have an intracranial site of origin.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Neuroanatomical organization of GnRH neuronal systems in the lizard (Podarcis s. sicula) brain during development.

The ontogenesis of the GnRH neuronal systems was studied in the brain of the lizard, Podarcis s. sicula, by immunohistochemistry. The first GnRH neurons were seen in the mesencephalon on the 45th day of incubation. One week later GnRH-ir neurons appeared in the infundibulum as well. These neurons never appeared to be contiguous with midbrain GnRH neurons. Thus, the adult pattern of distribution of GnRH neurons was reached before hatching, which occurred on the 66th day of incubation at a temperature of 28 +/- 2 degrees C. Although mesencephalic and infundibular GnRH neurons and their fiber projections appeared to be distributed in anatomically distinct brain areas, both systems showed a positive reaction to chicken-I GnRH (cGnRH-I), chicken-II GnRH (cGnRH-II) and salmon GnRH (sGnRH). From the time of hatching, GnRH-ir fibers in the mesencephalon appeared to be reaching the optic tectum, tegmentum, cerebellum and rostral dorsal rhombencephalon, whereas GnRH fibers in the infundibulum were projecting to the caudal basal telencephalon, median eminence and rostral basal rhombencephalon. In 60-day-old juvenile lizards, the central area of telencephalon contained neurons reacting only with anti-cGnRH-I and anti-sGnRH. Such neurons were absent in the adult. Neither GnRH cells nor fibers were observed in the nasal area, terminal nerve and olfactory bulbs at any stage of development and in the adult. We hypothesize that the two GnRH neuronal systems have separate embryonic origins.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Urbach-Wiethe disease. Apropos of 2 cases].

The Urbach-Wiethe disease is a rare condition, where a hyaline substance of an unknown biochemical nature is accumulated in both teguments and mucous membranes. It has an autosomic and recessive genetic transmission. Cutaneous and mucous lesions (especially on the upper digestive tract) are described, insisting about the laryngeal location and the neurological troubles (with their main symptom: intracranial calcifications). The association of the disease with congenital indifference to pain is to be noted. Two particular cases are reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Arteriovenous fistulas of the cranial dura mater. Apropos of 3 cases].

Three cases of arteriovenous fistulas (A.V.F.) of the cranial dura mater are reported. The authors point out that the first symptom is often in the O.R.L. field: vascular tinnitus with sometimes headaches. Diagnosis can be perform by selective arteriography. In the same time, embolization is possible.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis in surgical patients: a study conducted at Nancy University Hospital, France.

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective evaluation aimed to assess the adequacy of prophylaxis against thromboembolism prescribed to surgical patients at the authors' institution, and to compare it with generally accepted published guidelines. Aspects considered were indications for prophylaxis, regimens used and monitoring. METHODS: Eleven units (nine surgical and two surgical intensive care) took part in the survey on a voluntary basis. The clinical audit system used involved developing a set of criteria based on existing guidelines, comparing observed practice with those recommendations, analysing the factors underlying any deviation and developing corrective measures. RESULTS: When the medical records of 117 patients hospitalized in October 1995 were examined, prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis was documented in 86 (low molecular weight heparin in 85, dextran in one). No associated physical preventative measures were recorded. Indications and dosage were appropriately handled in 90.7% and 75.2% of patients, respectively. Ninety-five cases were outside the reference criteria: 74 for excluded surgical indications, 13 which involved laparoscopy, and eight in which spinal or epidural anaesthesia was administered. Platelet count was performed in 73.8% of cases before prophylactic treatment, and in 23.10% during its course. Anti-Xa activity was measured in 0.4% of cases. Analysis of causes showed that guidelines were not complied with either because of lack of organization, or because of disagreement with them. DISCUSSION: In this study, indications for prophylaxis were well established and heparin dosages used were not fundamentally flawed. The weak point in practice was a failure to carry out platelet counts, particularly during the course of treatment. Appropriate corrective action consists of disseminating guidelines and relevant information, and using a preoperative checklist to assess thromboembolic risk. CONCLUSION: Physicians agree that opportunities to improve preventative practices exist, and that the quality improvement programme should be pursued.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical evaluation of glass ionomers used as fissure sealants: twenty-four-month results.

This study evaluated the twenty-four-month retention and effectiveness in dental caries prevention, of Vitremer and Ketac-Bond glass ionomers used as occlusal sealants. The initial sample consisted of 200 school children ages six to eight years whose permanent first molars were sound. The children were divided into two experimental groups (group 1 Vitremer; group 2 Ketac-Bond) and a control group (group 3 unsealed molars). Statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney test) revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the retention levels of the experimental groups A and B in the three evaluation periods (six-, twelve- and twenty-four-month) with Vitremer showing superior results. As to caries incidence, there was a statistically significant difference (chi 2 test) between the experimental groups (A and B) and the control group indicating that glass ionomers are effective for prevention of caries in the occlusal surfaces. Two independent variables were correlated with the presence of caries or that of a restored tooth after twenty-four months (odds ratio) revealing that children who presented white spots (WS) had a probability of presenting caries or restorations that was 5.0, 3.07 and 1.93 times greater at six, twelve, and twenty-four months, respectively than that of children who did not show WS in the experimental groups A and B and in the control group, respectively. The variable represented by the "dmf" index showed a statistically significant correlation (chi 2 test) in the control group, in which there was a 3.26 times greater probability of children presenting a "dmf" index equal to or greater than 1 in the development of caries or who presented a restored tooth in relation to those who did not have a history of caries ("dmf" = 0).

Cariostatic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A survey on the practice of drug prescription in hospitals. Concepts and methodology].

A clinical practice survey, if patient focused, identifies and analyses complexity of drug use. It is not a clinical audit whose aim is to compare observed practice with predetermined criteria. A clinical practice survey is useful when a problem exists in a low evidence based clinical area or to elaborate clinical guidelines. Implementation is based on epidemiological methodology and project management and needs a framework determined by a facilitator (trained in quality improvement methods and expert in the clinical area concerned), planning (the more higher the number of wards, the higher the complexity) and the project guidelines must be respected. Since lack of physician involvement is a drawback, support provided by the quality centre (if it exists) must be limited to technical aspects. It is important to appreciate the level of quality culture of the organization and the project must be approved by the hospital manager.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗