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Biomedical subjects

C Pinsky

Publications and source records attributed to C Pinsky.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Neostriatal administration of somatostatin:differential effect of small and large doses on behavior and motor control.

The administration of small doses of somatostatin (SRIF) (0.01 and 0.1 microgram) into the neostriatal complex of unrestrained, freely moving rats induced general behavioral excitation associated with a variety of stereotyped movements, tremors, and a reduction of rapid eye movements (REM) and deep slow wave sleep (SWS). In contrast, the higher doses of SRIF (1.0 and 10.0 microgram) caused movements to be uncoordinated and frequently induced more severe difficulties in motor control such as contralateral hemiplegia-in-extension which restricted or completely prevented the expression of normal behavioral patterns. As a result, the animals appeared drowsy and inhibited. Analysis of the sleep-waking cycle revealed prolonged periods of a shallow SWS while REM sleep and deep SWS were markedly reduced; electroencephalogram recordings revealed periods of dissociation from behavior. The administration of endocrinologically inactive as well as the active analogues of SRIF failed to induce effects comparable with those observed after the administration of the same dose of the native hormone (10.0 microgram).

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Circulating immune complexes detected by 125I-Clq deviation test in sera of cancer patients.

The presence of circulating immune complexes in freshly drawn sera of patients with various forms of malignancies was detected by the 125I-Clq deviation test of Sobel et al. More than 50% of the 459 cancer sera showed a high inhibition of 125I-Clq uptake by sensitized sheep erythrocytes when compared with sera of 50 healthy laboratory personnel. The levels were compared with levels of total hemolytic complement and immunochemical determinations of Cl1 and C3. A correlation between high levels of circulating immune complexes and low levels of Clq was suggested. These immune complexes were separated by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation at low pH and were found to be heavier than 19S. Fluctuation of levels of immune complexes was evident when serial samples from the same patient were tested. Decrease of levels of immune complexes and a concomitant increase of Clq were detected after Calmette-Gueérin bacillus and autologous tumor cell treatment in some melanoma patients.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1977

Delayed hypersensitivity reactions in patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum.

Two hundred and thirty-seven patients with carcinoma of the colon and 16 patients with benign lesions of the colon and rectum underwent skin tests with 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene and a battery of intradermal antigens. The incidence of 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene reactors decreased with the increasing stage of the disease. Seventy-six per cent of the patients with Dukes' A cancer were 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive compared with 56 per cent of those with Dukes' B cancer and 61 per cent of those with Dukes' C lesions. Of the patients with advanced primary operable cancer, those who have metastases beyond the intestine and its mesentery, only 46 per cent were 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive. Only 42 per cent of the patients with inoperable advanced or recurrent disease reacted to 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene. Neither age nor sex was a determinate factor in the capacity of the patient to respond to 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene. Tumor burden appeared to correlate best with the ability of the patient to respond to 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene. In patients with Dukes' A or B lesions, the clinical follow-up period was too short to gauge prognostic significance of skin tests. In patients with Dukes' C lesions who were observed at 12 months, six of 11 in the 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene negative group had a recurrence or died of disease compared with only four of 17 in the 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive group, p less than 0.10. In 38 patients with advanced primary operable cancer who were observed for nine months, 40 per cared iwth 28 per cent of 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive group. A similar relationship was observed in a group of patients with advanced or recurrent disease who were observed for nine months in which 58 per cent of the patients in the 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene negative group were dead of disease compared with 40 per cent of those in the 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive group. Skin testing with 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene and selected intradermal antigens adds prognostic information to that predicted from the clinicopathologic stage of the disease in instances of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. In general, patients with reactive skin tests have more favorable recurrence and survival rates with each stage of the disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Endorphin activity in anterior, intermediate, and posterior pituitary.

The content of endogenous morphine-like substance in bovine pituitary and brain was determined by an opiate radioreceptor assay. The intermediate lobe was most concentrated in activity and the brain least concentrated. Most of the endorphin is obtained in a 120 000 g-min fraction from pituitary or brain homogenates.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effects of cholinergic and anticholinergic drugs and a partial cholinergic agonist on the development and expression of physical dependence on morphine in rat.

Cholinergic and anticholinergic agents were tested against the induction and expression of morphine dependence in rats. Mecamylamine hydrochloride, administered during abstinence, exacerbated the syndrome at the time of peak severity (20-40 hours after with-holding morphine) but accelerated the subsequent decline in severity of withdrawal. Atropine sulfate acted similarly but none of its effects proved statistically significant. When administered together, these drugs were not additive but were antagonistic in their central actions at the time of peak withdrawal. Atropine methylnitrate reduced withdrawal severity throughout the observation period mainly by antagonism of the peripheral expression of many of the parasympathetic signs. Eserine sulfate administered during the period of habituation or of abstinence had little effect on the severity of the total withdrawal syndrome but decreased weight loss. Choline chloride effectively reduced overall withdrawal severity and weight loss throughout the entire course of withdrawal monitored for up to 100 hours after withholding morphine. This occurred whether choline was administered during morphine habituation or after withholding the morphine. These results support the view that a derangement of cholinergic function is a factor in the morphine abstinence syndrome; evidence is yet lacking to decide whether this is the primary derangement of neurotransmitter function. The effectiveness of choline may be explained by its action as a partial agonist to normalize cholinergic function at all stages of derangement. The reduction in withdrawal severity by treatment with choline during the habituation to morphine indicates an inhibition of the development of dependence rather than mere suppression of the signs during withdrawal.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Effects of narcotic analgesics and antagonists on the in vivo release of acetylcholine from the cerebral cortex of the cat.

1. In cats under light allobarbitone anaesthesia, the effects of intravenous injections of narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics, of a general depressant, and of narcotic antagonists were investigated on the spontaneous release of acetylcholine (ACh) from the surface of the sensorimotor cortex.2. The narcotic analgesics morphine (0.1, 1.0 and 5 mg/kg), meperidine (1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg), methadone (1.0 mg/kg) and codeine (5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg) greatly reduced ACh release.3. The non-narcotic analgesics pentazocine (1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg) and propoxyphene (5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg) as well as the depressant chlorpromazine (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) also greatly reduced ACh release.4. Two of the three narcotic antagonists examined, levallorphan (0.1, 1.0 and 5 mg/kg) and nalorphine (1.0 mg/kg) had the property of reducing ACh release. They were thus partial agonists. With levallorphan the greatest reduction occurred with the smallest dose injected and the effect was regularly obtained, whereas with nalorphine a reduction was obtained in some experiments only. The third, naloxone, was a specific narcotic antagonist and did not reduce the ACh release in any dose (0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) examined. In a dose of 1.0 mg/kg it actually produced a small increase in Ach release.5. Naloxone (0.1-1.0 mg/kg) restored the reduction in ACh release produced by the narcotic analgesics and by the partial agonist levallorphan. It partially restored the reduction produced by the non-narcotic analgesics and by nalorphine, but had no effect on the reduction produced by chlorpromazine.6. The relevance of these results with regard to analgesia and to the narcotic abstinence syndrome is discussed.

Acetylcholine↗