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Biomedical subjects

C Prados

Publications and source records attributed to C Prados.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Bilobectomy and amphotericin B in a case of endobronchial mucormycosis.

Lung mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection that has been described mainly in oncologic and diabetic patients. We here report the case of an endobronchial lesion caused by this fungus in an immunocompetent person. Prompt diagnosis, and therapy with Amphotericin B and surgery, permitted the complete resolution.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

An evaluation of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in the two bronchoalveolar lavage fractions of lung cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: It has been proven that cytokeratins (CKs) are useful tumor markers for the follow-up, treatment monitoring and prognosis evaluation of lung cancer and among these, tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) plays an important role. Nevertheless, only a small number of studies have been reported about their diagnostic capacity. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) can be divided into two fractions: bronchiolar (BF) and alveolar (AF). For the above reasons, our aims were (1) to analyze the diagnostic usefulness of TPA in the BAL of lung cancer patients and (2) to observe if, in lung cancer patients, TPA levels in the two BAL fractions are different. This should mean that the study of tumor markers in the BAL should be carried out in both fractions to increase their diagnostic capacity. METHODS: We studied 289 BALs divided into two phases. In phase I, TPA was analyzed in the BAL of six groups of subjects (healthy persons, chronic bronchitis, asthma, respiratory infections, diffuse interstitial pulmonary diseases and lung cancer). In phase II, TPA was studied in both BAL fractions of a group of patients with lung cancer. RESULTS: We observed that TPA levels were significantly higher in the BAL of patients with bronchogenic neoplasias. In these patients, TPA was increased in the BF of the lavage in relation to the AF. In smoker patients with pulmonary carcinomas, TPA was higher in the AF of the BAL than in the lavage of non-smokers. This did not occur in the BF. We found no relation between the TPA concentrations and cancer histology. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that TPA is a useful tumor marker with diagnostic capacity and this capacity is increased when it is studied in the two BAL fractions. Smoking habit may play a role in the secretion of tumor markers by the tumor cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis in a patient of advanced age].

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by hemoptysis, diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and iron-deficiency anemia. It is typically found in children and young adults. Finding that the concentration of siderophages exceeds 20% in bronchoalveolar lavage indicates a diagnosis of IPH. We report the case of a 72-year-old man with repeated diagnoses of respiratory infection, bronchiectasis and melena. Because such a clinical picture is rare for IPH, the final diagnosis was obtained by open lung biopsy.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[An evaluation of new prevention programs for tuberculous infection. II. BCG vaccination].

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a 98-99% of the cases and by Mycobacterium bovis in a 1-2%. Its early diagnosis is of a great importance because permits to reduce the transmission of the infection. Until now, the diagnostic techniques used to discover the dissemination of the disease are indirect. We have the PPD skin test and, among them, Mantoux is the most common. Correctly used it has a great diagnostic and epidemiological value, because it permits to evaluate those patients who can obtain a benefit with the chemoprophylaxis when the skin test is positive. We analyse the actual via of chemoprophylaxis, when and how it must be used. We study not only the drugs for the prophylaxis, but also the good and bad utilisation of the BCG vaccine, that it starts to have its indications in other countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Thoracic aortic aneurysm: a new etiology of pulmonary cavity.

The most frequent chest X-ray finding of descending thoracic aortic aneurysm is an enlargement of medial mediastinum. Haemoptysis caused by thoracic aortic aneurysm is rare and, normally, when it occurs, it is due to an aorto-bronchopulmonary fistula. We report the case of an 88 year-old male, heavy smoker with arterial hypertension, who had been operated on for abdominal aneurysm five years before, whose unique symptom was scant haemoptysis and radiologically presented a cavity mass in the upper left lobe. Autopsy revealed that the pulmonary cavity mass was due to a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

CT in the evaluation of the upper airway in healthy subjects and in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

AIM: To study if the caliber of the upper airway, measured by CT, allows us to distinguish patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) from healthy people. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixteen OSAS patients (with an apnea-hypopnea index > 10) and 39 healthy volunteers were studied. Polysomnography and CT of the upper airways during awake periods were performed in both groups. We used third-generation equipment (Toshiba model TCT 600QT). The area of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx (in inspiration and expiration), the uvula diameter, and retropharyngeal tissue were evaluated. The simultaneous identification of the variables that differentiate between control and OSAS groups was determined by a multivariate discriminant model. RESULTS: The retropharyngeal tissue in OSAS men was greater than those of the control men (10.3+/-3.6 mm vs 6.4+/-2.7 mm; p < 0.01). The multivariate analysis was performed on the 29 men (14 OSAS and 15 non-OSAS) who had information compiled in the selected parameters. The retropharyngeal tissue, expiratory hypopharynx, and uvular diameter are used to create a discriminant model (Wilks' lambda=0.556; p < 0.01). Two non-OSAS and five OSAS patients were incorrectly classified by this model as members of the other group (total rate of error, 24.14%). Therefore, the point estimates of specificity and sensitivity are 86.67% and 64.29%, respectively, for this model. The Pearson correlation coefficient between body mass index and retropharyngeal tissue is 0.63 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: CT could play an important role in studying the upper airway in patients with OSAS. The determination of the retropharyngeal tissue by CT could be a useful procedure to evaluate OSAS.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Long-term within-subject variability of inspiratory neural drive response to hypoxia.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: We analyze the within-subject variation of mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1) response to progressive isocapnic hypoxic stimulation over long time periods in normal subjects. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS: We studied 21 healthy subjects (14 male and 7 female; aged 40+/-12 yrs) (mean+/-SD). Lung volumes, basal P0.1, and P0.1 response to hypoxia were measured on two separate occasions 2 months apart, under similar ambient and clinical conditions. RESULTS: There was no significant change in clinical condition, FVC, FEV1, arterial oxygenation saturation, end-tidal and mixed venous PCO2 levels, or P0.1 between the two visits. The mean P0.1 responses to hypoxia in the two explorations were 0.032+/-0.022 and 0.034+/-0.022 kPa/%, respectively. There was a moderate intrasubject variability of P0.1 response to hypoxia, with a coefficient of reproducibility of 0.01 kPa/%. Power calculations to establish the optimal sample size required for hypoxic stimulation are presented. CONCLUSION: Long term within-subject variability of P0.1 response to hypoxia is moderate. This intrinsic variability needs to be emphasized when interpreting the effects of experimental interventions on hypoxic sensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Evaluation of new programs to prevent tuberculosis infection. I. Chemoprophylaxis].

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a 98-99% of the cases and by Mycobacterium bovis in a 1-2%. Its early diagnosis is of a great importance because permits to reduce the transmission of the infection. Until now, the diagnostic techniques used to discover the dissemination of the disease are indirect. We have the PPD skin test and, among them, Mantoux is the most common. Correctly used it has a great diagnostic and epidemiological value, because it permits to evaluate those patients who can obtain a benefit with the chemoprophylaxis when the skin test is positive. We analyse the actual via of chemoprophylaxis, when and how it must be used. We study not only the drugs for the prophylaxis, but also the good and bad utilisation of the BCG vaccine, that it starts to have its indications in other countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[New prospects in cystic fibrosis treatment].

Only a few years ago, cystic fibrosis (CF) was considered the most frequent genetic disease in childhood, although survival has increased considerably in recent years owing to improved treatment. We discuss treatments that are still relevant as well as others that are under investigation now, aiming for better understanding of the disease and the therapies that have improved quality of life for CF patients.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed1997

[Evolution of the bibliometric indicators of production and consumption of Archivos de Bronchopneumología in the last 20 years].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of bibliometric indicators for authorship and citation of ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGIA over the past 20 years. At least 16 articles reporting new research or case reports were analyzed for every other year from 1976 to 1996. The following data were collected for each article: type of document, number of authors and their place of work and specialty, time interval between acceptance and publication, and references (including number, types, language, journal name and year of publication). The number of authors per article (collaboration index) averaged around five and has not varied significantly over the 20 years studied. Pulmonologists predominated among the authors, accounting for about 60% of the total, and most contributions came from a few provinces, mainly Barcelona and Madrid. The interval between reception and publication has gradually increased over the 20 years under review, coming to stand around 9.9 +/- 1.6 months in 1996. Most references (over 80%) cite journals and the proportion of references to books has decreased in recent years (from 12.3% in 1976 to 3.5% in 1996). The journal's index of isolation has increased (from 6.2 to 12.1%), as has the index of self-citation (from 0.4 to 6.2%). Although most cited works are in English (over 80%), the proportion of Spanish-language references increased (from 6.2 to 12.1%). In conclusion, maintenance of the number of collaborating authors, the predominance of journals and English-language sources among references are the main traits that characterize the bibliometric indicators for authorship and citation in ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGIA.

Authorship↗
PubMed1997

Nocturnal arterial oxygen desaturation secondary to a sphenoidal meningioma.

We report the case of a nonobese and nonsmoking 51-year-old man with nocturnal arterial oxygen desaturation that returned to normal after sphenoidal meningioma resection. He presented an important daytime hypersomnia and episodes of nocturnal apnea, without snoring. His arterial blood gases, mechanical properties of the respiratory system pulmonary diffusing capacity and chemosensitivity were normal. The most frequent causes of nocturnal hypoxemia are examined.

Blood Gas Analysis↗