Biomedical subjects

C Pylatiuk

Publications and source records attributed to C Pylatiuk.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

["Bionic" arm prostheses. State of the art in research and development].

BACKGROUND: A new generation of arm prostheses is being developed worldwide. These so-called bionic prostheses are intended to offer additional functions, such as sensory feedback, extended range of possible movement, intuitive movement control as far as possible, and a more natural cosmetic appearance. STATE OF THE ART IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: In recent years, prosthetic components with much enhanced performance have been developed for use at various levels of the upper limb. Artificial hands that allow for additional grips are are being tested in clinical settings. Innovative methods of signal acquisition and communication with the patient are being intensively researched. CONCLUSION: Several patients have been provided with prototypes of new arm prostheses. At the moment, the results are limited by the restricted communication between patient and prosthesis. However, we can expect the options for prosthesis control to be extended in the near future.

Arm↗

PubMed2002

[Expanding control possibilities of myoelectric hand prostheses].

Raising control possibilities of myoelectric prostheses--The control of hand prostheses is based on the surface scan of myoelectric voltage caused by muscle contractions in an amputees arm stump. So far available prostheses only perform up to two different grip types. This paper introduces a control scheme that is able to execute a variety of grip types dependent on the patient's control signals. Therefore a platform is presented to adapt control parameters especially to the patients anatomy. Developed algorithms are flashed on a microcontroller, processing data online and controlling a new generation of prostheses (FZK-prosthesis, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe).

Amputation Stumps↗

PubMed1997

Silent period following transcranial magnetic stimulation: a study of intra- and inter-examiner reliability.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation-evoked silent period (SP) has been attributed largely to the activity of intracortical inhibitory systems and recent reports provided evidence that it is a useful indicator of central motor disturbances. We studied the intra- and inter-examiner reliability of SP measurements in 28 healthy subjects. In 15 subjects SP measurements were performed by one single examiner and repeated by the same examiner 3 days and 7 days later, showing a high degree of intra-examiner reliability over time. In another subgroup consisting of 13 volunteers SP measurements were performed on the same subject by three different examiners, demonstrating a higher level of variability. In both subgroups we found a high interindividual variability ranging from 44-258 ms and a considerably lower side-to-side difference within subjects. Our results suggest that longitudinal assessments of the SP in patients with central motor involvement should optimally be performed by a single examiner. Regarding the wide range of possible SP durations in healthy subjects the intraindividual side-to-side symmetry seems to be the most valuable parameter.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of grip force in three different functional prehension patterns.

Normative data of the grip force distribution necessary to complete functional tasks are limited. Small force sensors have been specially designed for accurate measurement of the dynamic handgrip force distribution by attaching them to the palmar surface of the hand. Seventeen healthy participants performed three different tasks, each requiring a different functional prehension pattern. When cylindrical objects were manipulated, the highest average grip forces were found at the fingertips and the thumb, followed by the middle finger. In a spherical grasp pattern, the contributions by the thumb, ring and small fingers always exceeded 71% of the total grip force. The highest local forces of 9.9 N were measured when a zip was closed with a tip pinch. Individual finger forces were found to differ by gender, but not by hand dimension and age. The results are useful for biomechanical modelling of the hand, for designing ergonomic tool grips, and for evaluating hand function.

Adult↗