Inheritance of hemochromatosis: linkage to HLA.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
C Q Edwards
Publications and source records attributed to C Q Edwards.
Hereditary hemochromatosis. Diagnosis in siblings and children.
We studied five patients with clinically manifest hemochromatosis and 19 of their siblings and children to define better the diagnostic criteria for stages of the disease. The earliest detectable abnormalities were an increase in hepatic-parenchymal-cell stainable iron, hepatic iron concentration, transferrin saturation and serum iron concentration. In contrast, urinary iron excretion after deferoxamine and serum ferritin concentration were usually normal in early iron loading. In either latent or clinically manifest disease, hepatic-parenchymal-cell stainable iron was Grade 3 or 4; hepatic iron concentration was greater than 250 microng per 100 mg; serum iron was greater than 170 microng per 100 ml; transferrin saturation was greater than 70 per cent; urinary iron excretion exceeded 2.2 mg per 24 hours; and serum ferritin usually exceeded 1000 ng per ml. Estimation of liver iron is the most sensitive method for detecting early disease. Urinary iron excretion and serum ferritin estimate the total body burden of iron in latent and clinically manifest disease.
Adolescent↗
Controlled comparison of amikacin and gentamicin.
Amikacin or gentamicin was used to treat 174 patients with suspected severe gram-negative infections in a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. Enteric gram-negative bacilli were pathogenic in 71 cases (39 treated with amikacin, and 32 with gentamicin). Amikacin was effective in 10 to 12 bacteremias, 21 of 24 urinary-tract infections, two of five pneumonias and four of six other serious tissue infections. The toal favorable response rate was 77 per cent for amikacin and 78 per cent for gentamicin. Nephrotoxicity and auditory toxicity could be evaluated in 124 and 67 cases respectively. Definite nephrotoxicity developed in five of 62 (8 per cent) receiving amikacin and seven of 62 (11 per cent) given gentamicin, and possible nephrotoxicity developed in four patients in both groups. Definite ototoxicity developed in four patients in both groups. Definite otoxicity developed in two of 34 (6 per cent) and three of 30 (10 per cent) respectively. These differences were not statistically significant (by chisquare analysis, P greater than 0.05). The results indicate that amikacin is effective against severe gram-negative infections and is not more and not less ototoxic or nephrotoxic than gentamicin.
Adult↗
Concentrations of gentamicin and amikacin in human kidneys.
High kidney concentrations of gentamicin or amikacin, measured by an enzymological assay, were found in 9 of 10 patients who died during therapy with these aminoglycosides. Renal cortical concentrations of gentamicin ranged from 140 to 540 mug/g of tissue, with medullary levels of 128 to 230 mug/g. Concentrations of amikacin ranged from 365 to 1,030 mug/g in the cortex and from 270 to 718 mug/g in the medulla. The only patient with low kidney concentrations was an infant who received a single dose of gentamicin. Tissue levels were high in patients with both normal and abnormal renal function. Our results indicate that gentamicin and amikacin are concentrated in renal cortical and medullary tissue.
Aged↗
Hematologic changes in chronic arthritis of mice induced by Mycoplasma arthritidis.
The arthritis caused by iv injection of M. arthritidis in mice was found to be associated with neutrophilia and lymphopenia without a change in the total WBC concentration. A mild anemia developed which was characterized by hypoferremia and plentiful RE iron but with an increased plasma total iron-binding capacity. This anemia therefore differs from the anemia of chronic disorders and indeed from any anemia which occurs in man.
Anemia↗
An experimental study of hyperchromic nerve cells in the cerebral cortex.
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Aluminum Hydroxide↗
Hypothyroidism presenting as a polymyositis-like syndrome. Report of two cases.
Two patients with proximal muscle weakness and marked elevations of serum muscle enzymes were initially believed to have polymyositis; however electromyography and muscle biopsies were normal. Both patients were subsequently found to have hypothyroidism. Each regained her muscle strength, and serum enzymes normalized with thyroid hormone replacement. Because muscle weakness and an elevated creatine phosphokinase occur in most patients with hypothyroidism, thyroid dysfunction must be considered in the differential diagnosis of polymyositis.
Adult↗