PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C R Archer

Publications and source records attributed to C R Archer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral venous thrombosis secondary to "low-dose" birth control pills.

The clinical and radiographic features of cerebral deep venous thrombosis in a 21-year-old white woman are presented. This nulliparous patient presented with relatively mild clinical symptoms and progressing mental status changes. The only known risk factor was "low-dose" oral contraceptive pills. The magnetic resonance image (MRI) showed increased signal intensity from the internal cerebral veins, vein of Galen, and straight sinus. The diagnosis was confirmed by arterial angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Correlation of high resolution computed tomography and gross anatomic sections of the temporal bone. Part III. Cochlear and vestibular aqueducts.

Gross anatomic sections of isolated temporal bones (TB) were compared with high resolution computed tomography (CT) scans obtained utilizing contiguous 1.5-mm thick slices in the transaxial, coronal, and sagittal planes. Each TB was then sectioned at 2.0-mm intervals in planes parallel to those of the CT scans. Both the cochlear and vestibular aqueducts were best visualized in the coronal plane; the transaxial plane proved less reliable and the sagittal plane was not useful at all. The cochlear aqueduct in the coronal plane appears as a funnel-shaped configuration with its widest portion opening into the subarachnoid space. The vestibular aqueduct at its opening into the epidural space is well visualized in the coronal plane, and as it traverses the bone toward the vestibule it appears as an oval to spherical lucency, whereas in transaxial sections it is seen as a small longitudinal lucency.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1988

Correlation of high-resolution computed tomography and gross anatomic sections of the temporal bone: II. Vestibular apparatus.

High-resolution computed tomography (CT) of isolated temporal bones was performed in the transaxial, coronal, and sagittal planes at 1.5-mm intervals. The temporal bones were then sectioned at 2.0-mm intervals in planes parallel to the CT scans. The structures making up the vestibular apparatus were identified, and the planes in which each is best visualized were selected for the illustrations. The vestibule, oval window, tympanic cavity, and tympanic portion of the facial nerve are best seen in the transaxial and coronal planes; the arch of the superior semicircular canal in the transaxial plane and its limbs in the coronal plane; the arch of the posterior semicircular canal in the coronal and sagittal planes and its limbs in the transaxial plane; and the common crus in the sagittal plane. The horseshoe-shaped lateral semicircular canal is displayed in the transaxial plane, and the relationship of its lateral limb to the tympanic segment of the facial nerve is best demonstrated in the sagittal plane. The ampullae of all three canals can be appreciated equally well in all three planes.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Preoperative computerized tomographic imaging in hyperparathyroidism.

The surgery of hyperparathyroidism can be technically very difficult, even for an experienced surgeon. Until the present decade, preoperative localization procedures were of little help because of poor resolution of imaging modalities, significant morbidity, and the cost of invasive procedures. The efficacy of preoperative high-resolution CT scanning was evaluated in ten patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who had not previously been operated on. Contrast and noncontrast scans were performed on each patient, under the supervision of an experienced radiologist. Surgical findings were the standard against which all CT scans were judged. Each patient was diagnosed as having a single adenoma. Preoperative scans localized eight of ten adenomas for an overall sensitivity of 80 percent. In one patient, the adenoma was incorrectly localized for a specificity of 89 percent. The smallest adenoma correctly localized measured 4 x 4 mm in its axial dimensions. In addition to shortening operative time, accurate preoperative localization permitted use of unilateral dissection technique. Recent literature has repeatedly proved unilateral dissection superior to bilateral dissection by production of identical cure rates and a 2- to 12-fold decrease in postoperative hypocalcemia. We suggest that CT scanning be considered in the routine preoperative workup of patients who have primary hyperparathyroid disease.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Correlation of high-resolution computed tomography and gross anatomic sections of the temporal bone: Part I. The facial nerve.

Detailed anatomic analysis of the human temporal bone has been made possible by correlating high-resolution computed tomography (CT) with gross anatomic sections. Serial CT scans of isolated temporal bones were obtained in the transaxial (horizontal), coronal, and sagittal planes at 1.5-mm intervals. The temporal bone was sectioned at 2.0-mm intervals in planes parallel to the CT scans. Based on a correlation of these sections, the facial nerve canal was divided into four segments and the planes in which each is best observed are described and illustrated. The first segment in the internal auditory canal is best visualized in the sagittal plane, the labyrinthine segment and geniculate ganglion in the coronal and transaxial planes, the tympanic portion in the sagittal plane, the genu, between the tympanic and mastoid portion, in the sagittal plane, and the mastoid portion and the stylomastoid foramen in the coronal and sagittal planes.

Facial Nerve↗
PubMed1986

The degree to which accuracy of preoperative staging of laryngeal carcinoma has been enhanced by computed tomography.

In this retrospective study, the accuracy of preoperative staging by high-resolution CT and clinical evaluation (indirect-direct laryngoscopy) is compared to the postsurgical pathologic staging of laryngeal cancer. Forty-two patients who were admitted to St. Louis University Hospital between the years of 1978 to 1985 with diagnoses of laryngeal cancer were included. All patients received high-resolution CT scan of the larynx preoperatively and subsequently underwent total or partial laryngectomy. None of these patients received preoperative radiotherapy. The accuracy of the clinical vs. CT staging--as well as the accuracy of the staging by combination of the two modalities--was determined by comparison with the postsurgical pathologic staging. The accuracy was assessed separately for glottic, supraglottic, and transglottic carcinoma. The accuracy of CT staging for glottic carcinoma was 75%. However, clinical evaluation in this group of lesions was very reliable, offering 92.9% accuracy. The accuracy of CT staging increased in the supraglottic and transglottic lesions, to become superior to the clinical staging. With combined information gained by both examinations, the preoperative staging accuracy was 91.4% for supraglottic carcinoma and 87.5% for transglottic carcinoma. It is, therefore, recommended that high-resolution CT should be included in the preoperative staging of laryngeal cancer.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Localization of carotid cavernous fistula using digital subtraction angiography.

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA), with its rapid imaging rate (30 video frames per second) and immediately available subtraction images, provides excellent vascular detail in localization of the exact site of internal carotid-cavernous fistula. In a patient with two fistulas, we successfully used DSA to determine the sites of fistula and accurately positioned detachable balloons to occlude them.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of laryngeal cartilages by computed tomography.

Computed tomography of the larynx was performed in 21 patients and 3 anatomic specimens for evaluation of laryngeal cancer. Special attention was directed to the appearance of the laryngeal cartilages in both the normal and abnormal examinations in order to establish criteria for cancerous invasion. The problem presented by the normal nonuniformity of density of the cartilages is discussed in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Infundibula may be clinically significant.

An infundibulum at the origin of the posterior communicating artery is observed to such an extent that it provokes little interest or comment. Although considered preaneurysmal by some, no serious consideration is given to its surgical removal. We present a patient with a subarachnoid hemorrhage, a middle cerebral artery aneurysm, and bilateral posterior communicating artery infundibula to draw attention to the importance of the infundibulum in certain circumstances.

Brain↗
PubMed1978

Computer tomography of the larynx.

Evaluation of computed tomography of the normal larynx has been performed utilizing corresponding tomographic and anatomic planes. The transaxial, coronal, and sagittal planes have been evaluated. While all three planes have distinct potential diagnostic value, the transaxial plane offers a unique view of laryngeal structures not afforded by any other technique. It is hoped that diagnostic criteria developed in this study will prove applicable to the evaluation of clinical laryngeal disease.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of laryngeal cancer by computed tomography.

Six cases of laryngeal cancer have been examined by computed tomography. The findings were correlated with those obtained by laryngoscopy and in five cases by pathological examination of the surgical specimens. Computed tomography accurately delineated the extent of tumor involvement of the laryngeal and paralaryngeal soft tissues. The diagnosis of involvement of the laryngeal cartilages presents some problems, which are discussed.

Aged↗