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C R Campos

Publications and source records attributed to C R Campos.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Alterations in blood-brain barrier ICAM-1 expression and brain microglial activation after lambda-carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain.

Previous studies showed that peripheral inflammatory pain increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and altered tight junction protein expression and the delivery of opioid analgesics to the brain. What remains unknown is which pathways and mediators during peripheral inflammation affect BBB function and structure. The current study investigated effects of lambda-carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain (CIP) on BBB expression of ICAM-1. We also examined the systemic contribution of a number of proinflammatory cytokines and microglial activation in the brain to elucidate pathways involved in BBB disruption during CIP. We investigated ICAM-1 RNA and protein expression levels in isolated rat brain microvessels after CIP using RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, screened inflammatory cytokines during the time course of inflammation, assessed white blood cell counts, and probed for BBB and central nervous system stimulation and leukocyte transmigration using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Results showed an early increase in ICAM-1 RNA and protein expression after CIP with no change in circulating levels of several proinflammatory cytokines. Changes in ICAM-1 protein expression were noted at 48 h. Immunohistochemistry showed that the induction of ICAM-1 was region specific with increased expression noted in the thalamus and frontal and parietal cortices, which directly correlated with increased expression of activated microglia. The findings of the present study were that CIP induces increased ICAM-1 mRNA and protein expression at the BBB and that systemic proinflammatory mediators play no apparent role in the early response (1-6 h); however, brain region-specific increases in microglial activation suggest a potential for a central-mediated response.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Blood-brain barrier tight junctions are altered during a 72-h exposure to lambda-carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain.

In this study, we examined the effect of lambda-carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain on the functional and structural properties of the rat blood-brain barrier (BBB) over a 72-h time period. Systemic inflammation was induced by an intraplantar injection of 3% lambda-carrageenan into the right hind paw of female Sprague-Dawley rats. In situ brain perfusion and Western blot analyses were performed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. In situ brain perfusion showed lambda-carrageenan significantly increased brain uptake of [(14)C]sucrose at 1, 3, 6, and 48 h (139 +/- 9%, 166 +/- 19%, 138 +/- 13%, and 146 +/- 7% compared with control, respectively). Capillary depletion analysis insured the increased brain uptake was due to increased BBB permeability and not vascular trapping. Western blot analyses for zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin were performed on isolated cerebral microvessels. ZO-1 expression was significantly increased at 1, 3, and 6 h and returned to control expression levels by 12 h. Total occludin expression was significantly reduced at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 48 h. This investigation demonstrated that lambda-carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain elicits a biphasic increase in BBB permeability with the first phase occurring from 1-6 h and the second phase occuring at 48 h. Furthermore, changes in BBB function are correlated with altered tight junctional protein expression of occludin and ZO-1. Changes in the structure of tight junctions may have important clinical ramifications concerning central nervous system homeostasis and therapeutic drug delivery.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Patients with epileptic seizures and cerebral lesions who underwent lesionectomy restricted to or associated with the adjacent irritative area.

PURPOSE: To analyze the best surgical procedure for patients with epileptic seizures and cerebral lesions-i.e., resection restricted to the lesion or resection associated with the adjacent irritative area-based on the clinical evolution of patients' seizure outcome and electroencephalographic (EEG) and electrocorticographic (ECoG) findings. METHODS: This study comprised 37 patients with epileptic seizures and cerebral lesions, ranging in age from 9 to 66 years. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 consisted of 21 patients with medically intractable epilepsy, Group 2 of 16 patients with medically controlled epilepsy. Eleven of the 21 patients in Group 1 (Subgroup A) underwent surgical resection of the cerebral lesion and adjacent irritative area as shown by ECoG. For the remaining 10 patients in Group 1 (Subgroup B), the resection was restricted to the lesion. The 16 patients in Group 2 all underwent lesionectomies. RESULTS: Of the 11 patients in group 1 who underwent resection of the cerebral lesion and adjacent irritative area, 91% became seizure free. Sixty percent of the remaining patients in group I whose resections were restricted to the lesion also became seizure free, as did all the patients in group 2. An overall analysis of the EEGs for all patients showed a statistically significant decrease in paroxysmal activity. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with uncontrolled seizures, resection of the cerebral lesion associated with the irritative area shows a tendency to obtain better seizure-outcome results than restricted lesionectomy.

Adolescent↗