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Biomedical subjects

C R Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to C R Hansen.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Long-term results of repair of the internal ring for primary inguinal hernia.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term results of repair of the internal ring for primary inguinal hernia. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University hospital, Denmark. SUBJECTS: 1159 patients with primary unilateral inguinal hernia. INTERVENTIONS: Repair of the internal ring--annulorrhaphy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Recurrence during the median observation period of 10 years (range 1-17). RESULTS: Eighty-four (7%) were women, and the overall median age was 49 years (range 18-90). The overall recurrence rate calculated by life table analysis was 18%. Twenty-one of the recurrences were indirect hernias (49%), 11 were direct (26%), 8 were combined direct and indirect (19%) and 3 (7%) were femoral hernias. CONCLUSION: Repair of the internal ring alone carries an unacceptably high recurrence rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Extended outpatient rehabilitation: its influence on symptom frequency, fatigue, and functional status for persons with progressive multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of an extended outpatient rehabilitation program on symptom frequency, fatigue, and functional status for persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). DESIGN: Nonequivalent pretest/posttest control-group design, with posttest 1 year after initial assessment. Multiple regression analysis and analysis of covariance were used to control for symptom severity at the initial assessment and comorbid factors including depression, cognitive function, and social interaction. Effect sizes (ES) provided a descriptive measure of the change in outcomes. SETTING: Outpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation clinic. PATIENTS: Forty-six patients with definite chronic progressive MS; 20 received treatment and 26 were in a nontreatment comparison group ("waiting list"). INTERVENTION: Rehabilitation services for 5 hours, 1 day per week, over 1 year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The MS-Related Symptom Checklist composite score, fatigue frequency, and selected items from the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Functional Assessment Scale. RESULTS: Receiving treatment was a significant predictor of reduced symptom frequency (partial r2 = .26) at the 1-year follow-up. The ES adjusted for baseline values indicated substantial reductions in symptom frequency for the treatment group (EStreatment = .27 vs ESwaitlist = -.32). Fatigue was significantly reduced at the time of follow-up for the treatment group compared with the waiting list group (EStreatment = .46 vs ESwaitlist = -.20). There were no statistically significant differences among groups regarding functional status, but there appeared to be less loss of functional status in the treatment group compared with the waiting list group (EStreatment = -.07 vs ESwaitlist = -.70). CONCLUSIONS: An extended outpatient rehabilitation program for persons with definite progressive MS appears to effectively reduce fatigue and the severity of other symptoms associated with MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Health-related quality of life for patients with progressive multiple sclerosis: influence of rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The health-related quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is an important aspect of care outcome. The purpose of this study was to compare health-related quality of life between patients who received weekly comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation for 1 year and a group that did not receive rehabilitation. SUBJECTS: Twelve patients receiving outpatient care for chronic progressive MS (mean age = 44.5 years, SD = 11.6) were compared with 19 similar patients (mean age = 49.2 years, SD = 9.2) on a waiting list who were not receiving outpatient care. METHODS: A pretest-posttest longitudinal design was used to descriptively compare outcome measures. Multivariate regression analyses were used to determine which variables, controlled for baseline health status and other relevant patient characteristics, were related to the best outcomes at the time of the 1-year follow-up. RESULTS: The treatment group showed improvements in six health status measures on the Rand 36-Item Health Survey 1.0 (SF-36) that were not improved in the wait-listed group. Outpatient treatment was the sole predictor of positive outcome for energy/fatigue (partial R2 = .43) and change in general health (partial R2 = .19). In addition, the treatment group was associated with a positive outcome (together with other independent variables) in the domains of social function and social support. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: Patients with chronic progressive forms of MS appear to derive benefits from an ongoing comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation program. [Di Fabio RP, Choi T, Soderberg J, Hansen CR. Health-related quality of life for patients with progressive multiple sclerosis: influence of rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Effect of octreotide on anal pressure and rectal compliance.

PURPOSE: The somatostatin analog, octreotide, has previously been found to influence rectal sensation and may also influence anal resting pressure. METHODS: We studied the effect of octreotide on anal resting pressure and rectal compliance in eight healthy patients. Octreotide was administered intravenously as a bolus injection in doses of 100 and 10 micrograms or as infusion of 250 micrograms/hour on separate days and compared with placebo. RESULTS: Within one minute after a bolus injection of 100 micrograms of octreotide, anal resting pressure increased from 56 +/- 12 to 96 +/- 16 cm H2O (P < 0.005). Octrotide had no effect on rectal sensitivity or compliance measurements. Octreotide counteracted rectoanal reflex by increasing anal pressure almost to the level found with an empty rectum. CONCLUSION: Somatostatin thus seems to contribute to the regulation of rectoanal reflex.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Bilateral gluteus maximus transposition for anal incontinence.

Seven patients (five women and two men) with anal incontinence in whom previous surgery had failed, were treated by bilateral gluteus maximus transposition. All patients were incontinent to solid stool. Previous surgery was postanal repair in four women and secondary overlapping suture for obstetric tear in one. The two men were treated in childhood for anal atresia. No covering stoma was used. Wound infection occurred in three patients, requiring surgical drainage in two. After follow-up of more than 1 year three patients experienced improved continence but in four continence was unchanged. Anorectal physiology studies showed moderately increased resting and squeeze pressures in patients who were improved by the operation, but none could retain more than 200 ml of viscous fluid instilled into the rectum. No change in rectal sensitivity or volume tolerance was found. This preliminary series does not indicate that better results are obtained by gluteus maximus transposition than by unstimulated graciloplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Fatal transmural colitis caused by Entamoeba histolytica. Differential diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer].

Perforation of the colon is a rare but frequently fatal complication of amoebiasis. We report a case of a 53 year-old male, with no history of travel abroad, who was admitted to hospital with haematochezia. A tumor of the rectum was diagnosed clinically. Due to acute intestinal obstruction, laparotomy was performed, revealing multiple perforations of the large bowel and severe peritonitis leading to subtotal colectomy. The histological examinations revealed transmural amoebic colitis. The patient died due to multi-organ failure.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1987

Whole blood serotonin in autistic and normal subjects.

Whole blood serotonin and tryptophan were measured in 87 normal subjects and in 40 autistic subjects. Whole blood serotonin concentrations (mean +/- SE) were significantly higher in drug-free (N = 21) autistics (205 +/- 16 ng/ml) than in normals (136 +/- 5.4 ng/ml). The Gaussian distribution of serotonin levels in the unmedicated autistic group suggests the elevation was not due to a subgroup of autistic subjects. Autistics medicated with anticonvulsants or neuroleptics had significantly lower serotonin levels than did drug-free autistic subjects. Whole blood tryptophan levels and platelet counts were similar in the autistic and normal groups. The possible causes of the hyperserotonemia of autism are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Multimodality approaches in the treatment of attention deficit disorders.

This article describes the diagnostic process and various etiologic considerations that underpin the formulation of a comprehensive treatment program for a child with attention deficit disorder and then goes on to describe treatment modalities and strategies. The authors then suggest that the coordinated use of problem-specific treatment modalities is likely to prove more therapeutic and cost-effective than a global treatment.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1980

Whole-body distribution an Malpighian tubule transport of 2',5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide (Bayer 73) and 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol in larvae of the aquatic midge Chironomus tentans.

1. Residues of the lampricides 14C-Bayer 73 (2',5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide) and 14C-TFM (3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) were absorbed from aqueous sublethal concn. by aquatic larvae of the midge Chironomus tentans. 2. Toxicant residues were widely distributed during early hours of exposure, but later and during a 24-h post-exposure period, they became concentrated in the trunk and intestinal tract; the posterior movement of Bayer 73 was more rapid than that of TFM. 3. During 4-h tests, Malpighian tubules of the chironomid actively transported Bayer 73 and TFM in vitro, and on a per tubule basis, more TFM was transported than Bayer 73. 4. Potassium cyanide inhibited tubule transport; serotonin had no effect.

Animals↗