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Biomedical subjects

C R Martinez

Publications and source records attributed to C R Martinez.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Expanding spectrum of cocaine induced central nervous system malformations.

Two patients born of mothers who abused cocaine during pregnancy were found to have various brain malformations, some of which were not previously reported. Children who were exposed to cocaine or polysubstances prenatally and who present with a neurologic deficit require neuroimaging studies to detect abnormalities.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sacral foraminal subarachnoid block: an expanded case report.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The sacral foraminal subarachnoid block is a method to access the subarachnoid space at the sacral level through the upper posterior sacral foramina. METHOD AND RESULTS: This expanded case report describes the use of this technique in 40 patients, ranging in age from 34 to 100 years. In 38 patients, the sacral foraminal block was performed satisfactorily with adequate analgesia and without complications. In two patients, the technique was abandoned because of technical difficulties, and the block was done at the lumbar level. All the patients were monitored for up to 3 days after surgery with no complications noted. No postspinal headaches were observed. CONCLUSIONS: A sacral foraminal subarachnoid block is performed at the distal end of the dural sac. This technique is proposed as an alternative for a difficult lumbar or lumbosacral subarachnoid block.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Emptying the gallbladder prior to intravenous cholangiography: effect on gallbladder visualization.

Experiments were done to test the hypothesis that emptying the gallbladder prior to intravenous cholangiography (IVC) would result in earler and better opacification of the gallbladder. Five dogs were studied on two separate days in a crossover experiment. Each dog had a standard IVC (15-minute infusion of meglumine iodipamide) 2.5 cc/kg of following a 14-16-hour fasting period. On one of the days, 0.3 mcg/kg of Ceruletide was intramuscularly administered to each dog 30 to 45 minutes prior to the iodipamide infusion. Films obtained at the end of infusion and at 20, 40, 60, and 90 minutes were evaluated independently by three radiologists. The results indicate that pretreatment with Ceruletide produces a significant (p less than 0.05) improvement in the quality of gallbladder opacification during the first 90 minutes following iodipamide infusion. We conclude that earlier and better opacification of the gallbladder during IVC can be obtained by prior emptying of the gallbladder with a cholecystokinetic agent.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Significance of vaginal air on computed tomography.

The CT examinations of the pelvis in 200 females were reviewed to assess the frequency and significance of finding air in the vagina. Small amounts of air seen on only one section without distention of the vagina were common, occurring in 11% of our patients. Distention of the vagina with air and visualization on more than one image was found only with enterovaginal fistula and in those patients studied with a tampon in place. These two entities are easily distinguished by the symmetry of the latter.

Air↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Parenting of divorced mothers as a link between social status and boys' academic outcomes: unpacking the effects of socioeconomic status.

Socialization theories posit parenting practices as mechanisms linking socioeconomic status (SES) and children's academic outcomes. A mediational parenting model was tested examining separate effects of maternal education, occupation, and income for a sample of 238 divorced or recently separated mothers of 6- to 9-year-old sons. For the SEM path models, each indicator of SES was associated with better parenting, and parenting in turn had indirect effects on achievement through home skill-building activities and school behavior. The direct effect of maternal education on achievement was mediated by home skill-building activities, the direct effect of maternal occupation on achievement was not mediated, and income measures had no direct effects on achievement. These findings underscore the importance of unpacking the effects of SES and the relevance of effective parenting practices as a protective factor in the home and school environment for young boys' school success during postdivorce adjustment.

Achievement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of the neck.

Thorough familiarity with the anatomy of the neck depicted in axial sections is fundamental to the interpretation of computed tomography (CT) scans. Fifteen consecutive sections are selected at 1 cm-intervals beginning at the level of the nasopharynx and extending down to the level of the thoracic inlet. Each scan is referenced to a profile drawing of the neck. Each CT scan is reproduced in the line drawing, which is labeled for major organs and discrete structures appearing in that section. Twelve representative cases illustrate the usefulness of CT in the evaluation of neck masses by documenting tumor size, location and relationship to adjacent structures. Intravenous contrast improves recognition of vascular structures and distinguishes lymph nodes from blood vessels. The location and relative density of lesions facilitate their specific identification. Demineralization of bone and cartilage is accurately documented in the illustrative cases. Symmetry is the key to the interpretation of subtle pathologies.

Carotid Arteries↗