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Biomedical subjects

C R Mattick

Publications and source records attributed to C R Mattick.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Adhesives for fixed orthodontic brackets.

BACKGROUND: Bonding of orthodontic brackets to teeth is important to enable effective and efficient treatment with fixed appliances. The problem is bracket failure during treatment which increases operator chairside time and lengthens treatment time. A prolonged treatment is likely to increase the oral health risks of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances one of which is irreversible enamel decalcification. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of different orthodontic adhesives for bonding. SEARCH STRATEGY: Electronic databases: the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE and EMBASE. Date of most recent searches: August 2002 (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2002). SELECTION CRITERIA: Trials were selected if they met the following criteria: randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing two different adhesive groups. Participants were patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. The interventions were adhesives that bonded stainless steel brackets to all teeth except the molars. The primary outcome was debond or bracket failure. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were recorded on decalcification as a secondary outcome, if present. Information regarding methods, participants, interventions, outcome measures and results were extracted in duplicate by pairs of reviewers (Nicky Mandall (NM) and Rye Mattick (CRM); Declan Millett (DTM) and Joy Hickman (JH2)). Since the data were not presented in a form that was amenable to meta-analysis, the results of the review are presented in narrative form only. MAIN RESULTS: Three trials satisfied the inclusion criteria. A chemical cured composite was compared with a light cure composite (one trial), a conventional glass ionomer cement (one trial) and a polyacid-modified resin composite (compomer) (one trial). The quality of the trial reports was generally poor. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: It is difficult to draw any conclusions from this review, however, suggestions are made for methods of improving future research involving orthodontic adhesives.

Dental Cements↗
PubMed2003

Current products and practice section: religious, cultural, and ethical dilemmas in orthodontics.

There are potential religious, cultural and ethical dilemmas facing patients who are undergoing orthodontic treatment. Opinions were collected from religious and cultural leaders, as well as from non-religious groups who take an ethical standpoint on certain medical or dental treatment. Factors relating to ingredients in orthodontic products, timing of orthodontic appointments, and the effects of religious fasting are all discussed. It is important to recognize all patients' opinions and beliefs when planning and undertaking orthodontic treatment.

Cultural Diversity↗
PubMed2002

Orthodontic adhesives: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate which orthodontic adhesives (a). bond orthodontic brackets to teeth more reliably and (b). are more effective at preventing decalcification. DATA SOURCES: The search strategy for the literature review was carried out according to the standard Cochrane systematic review methodology. The Cochrane Clinical Trials Register and the Cochrane Oral Health Group Specialized Register were searched for randomized clinical trials and controlled clinical trials. All volumes that had not already been assessed by the Oral Health Group in the European Journal of Orthodontics, American Journal of Orthodontics, Journals of Orthodontics, and Angle Orthodontist were hand-searched. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied when considering the studies to be included in this review. DATA SELECTION: The primary outcome measure was the failure of the orthodontic adhesive. A secondary outcome of decalcification occurring around the orthodontic bracket was also recorded, if data were available. DATA EXTRACTION: Two randomized clinical trials and one controlled clinical trial were identified that fulfilled all the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The trials compared: (a). light- and chemically-cured composite; (b). chemically-cured composite and conventional glass ionomer cement; and (c). chemically-cured composite and light-cured compomer. DATA SYNTHESIS: Each paper was quality assessed by two people independently. A qualitative analysis of the trials in the review is presented. The data presentation, for the majority of the trials, precluded the use of suggested Cochrane Health Group statistical analysis. CONCLUSIONS: It is difficult to draw any conclusions from this review; however, suggestions are made for methods of improving future research involving orthodontic adhesives.

Compomers↗
PubMed2002

Ethical and scientific decision making in distraction osteogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: To propose a prospective registry for distraction osteogenesis research. RESULTS: The search strategy identified 82 reports, of which 11 were review articles, 17 were animal studies, 5 were theoretical models, and 49 were case reports/series. CONCLUSIONS: So far, the literature concerning distraction osteogenesis does not allow reliable choices to be made on the most appropriate form of distraction osteogenesis in different clinical decisions or whether it is superior to osteotomy or nontreatment. A prospective registry is proposed to hasten critical appraisal of distraction osteogenesis.

Bias↗
PubMed2001

Mandibular advancement using an intra-oral osteogenic distraction technique: a report of three clinical cases.

Osteogenic distraction has been used for decades to lengthen limbs and now attention is focused upon its use within the craniofacial skeleton. This paper addresses distraction of the mandible. It is proposed that mandibular osteogenic distraction could be a possible adjunct to the orthodontic treatment of those adult patients with skeletal anomalies, who would benefit from combined orthodontic/orthognathic treatment. Three consecutive cases from one unit are presented, where adult patients with severe Class II division 1 malocclusions have undergone orthodontic treatment combined with mandibular osteogenic distraction, instead of conventional bilateral sagittal split osteotomies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Fluoride-releasing elastomeric modules reduce decalcification: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether fluoride releasing elastomeric modules reduced the incidence of decalcification around orthodontic brackets during a complete course of orthodontic treatment. DESIGN: A randomised controlled, split mouth design. SETTING: The study was carried out in the orthodontic department of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Dental Hospital, UK. SUBJECT AND METHODS: 21 consecutive patients (126 teeth) undergoing fixed appliance therapy were studied. A split mouth technique was adopted to examine the upper labial segment, where one side (left or right) was randomly assigned to the experimental group, and the opposite side served as a control throughout their course of orthodontic treatment. INTERVENTIONS: The control teeth were ligated to the archwire using conventional modules. The experimental teeth were ligated to the archwire using Fluoride releasing elastomeric modules. OUTCOME MEASURES: Standardised photographs were taken of the upper labial segment before and after completion of orthodontic treatment, and the degree of decalcification assessed in each tooth quadrant, using a modification of the Enamel Defect Score. RESULTS: Decalcification was found to occur in both treatment groups, though to a significantly greater degree on the control side (p = 0.002). The fluoride module side showed significantly fewer serious decalcified lesions than the control (p = 0.013). No patients withdrew from the study. CONCLUSIONS: It would appear that the use of fluoride releasing elastomeric modules reduces the degree of decalcification experienced during orthodontic treatment.

Fluorides↗
PubMed2000

A comparative micro-topographic study of the buccal enamel of different tooth types.

The aim of this study was to perform an in vitro examination of the etch pattern achieved on the orthodontic bonding area (OBA) of different tooth types, and to compare the extent and definition of etch achieved. Six examples of each permanent human tooth type were studied. These were collected from adolescents. A standardized etch regime was employed on the OBA and the etch pattern examined under the scanning electron microscope. The degree of definition of etch achieved on every third enamel prism was evaluated. Results showed that the extent of etch achieved decreased toward the distal end of each arch and was significantly less on the first molars (covering <2% OBA) than on the incisors (covering >90% OBA). It was also noted that the degree of definition became poorer towards the distal end of the arches and was worst on the mandibular molars. It is suggested that the etched enamel morphology of different tooth types could affect composite resin bond strengths. Consequently, this feature could effect the clinical survival of orthodontic brackets and contribute to the higher failure rate of brackets on posterior teeth.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2000

Osteogenic distraction within the craniofacial complex.

Osteogenic distraction is a method of increasing bone length, and was developed by orthopaedic surgeons. It is now being used in the craniofacial region. This paper outlines some of the suggested uses: mandibular distraction can be used to correct hypoplasia and asymmetry in both children and adults; maxillary distraction can bring the midface forward, and holds potential for people with cleft lip and palate; augmentation of alveolar ridges and regeneration of mandibular tissue following tumour resection show considerable promise. The complex spatial dimensions of the craniofacial bones present considerable challenges for this developing technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The diagnostic value of routine intra-oral premaxillary radiographs in orthodontic assessment.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether significant dental abnormalities are likely to be overlooked in the anterior region of the maxilla if, in the absence of any clinical indication for further views, the only radiograph used during an initial orthodontic assessment is a good-quality orthopantomogram (OPT). SAMPLE AND METHODS: Two orthodontists examined, retrospectively, the written and radiographic dental hospital records of 1169 consecutive, new, young patients who on their first visit to a dental teaching hospital underwent radiographic examination comprising an OPT and one or more supplementary radiographs of the anterior maxilla. RESULTS: In five cases (0.43%) significant findings would have been overlooked if the intra-oral views had not been taken. These included periapical lesions and supernumerary teeth, but in three of the cases the image quality of the OPT was poor. CONCLUSIONS: If the OPT is not routinely supplemented by intra-oral views, the chances of completely missing significant findings in the anterior maxilla are small, provided a thorough history and clinical examination have been completed and the image quality of the OPT is good.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Stomatology--an intriguing blend of traditional Chinese medicine and Western-style dentistry.

I have long been fascinated by the antiquity and mystique of Chinese medicine, but try as I might, I could find virtually nothing in print, nor trace anybody in Britain who professed to know much about dental treatment in modern China. I decided, therefore, to visit China and find out myself exactly what dentists do in the Peoples' Republic of China, and satisfy my professional curiosity about how their work might relate to traditional medical practices.

Acupuncture Therapy↗