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Biomedical subjects

C R Singer

Publications and source records attributed to C R Singer.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Frequency of severe neutropenia associated with amodiaquine prophylaxis against malaria.

6 out of 7 patients with severe neutropenia associated with the use of amodiaquine for malaria prophylaxis amodiaquine (400 mg weekly) plus proguanil (200 mg daily); 1 of these patients had also taken cotrimoxazole and another had taken sulphaguanidine. The 7th patient had taken amodiaquine alone, but at a higher dose. A retrospective analysis suggests that the frequency of severe neutropenia complicating amodiaquine taken prophylactically may be as high as 1 in 2000.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

The significance of host haemopoietic cells detected by cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow from recipients of bone marrow transplants.

Bone marrow from 39 patients who received a bone marrow transplant (BMT) from a matched donor of different sex were studied by chromosome analysis for evidence of mixed haemopoietic chimaerism (MC). Recipient metaphases were detected in the bone marrow of 10 patients after BMT. Patients in whom MC was detected within 6 weeks of BMT did not all have a poor outcome. Two of seven are disease-free survivors at greater than 470 and greater than 632 d. All three patients in whom MC was diagnosed more than 6 weeks after BMT subsequently relapsed. Four factors appear to be important in determining the probability of relapse when MC is detected in a patient after BMT: the timing of detection of residual recipient cells; the proportion of these cells in the bone marrow; persistence of these cells in increasing proportions; and the karyotype of the recipient metaphases detected. Cytogenetic assessment may provide the earliest indication of relapse in these patients. In addition, this study provides further evidence that cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation, as used in these patients, may be inadequate conditioning therapy for BMT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Platelet studies in normal pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension.

The platelet count does not appear to change during normal pregnancy but a rise in the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width was found in the third trimester in this study of 208 healthy pregnant women. Alteration of all three platelet parameters was seen following delivery in 40 women studied sequentially. Moderately severe pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) was associated with no alteration of platelet parameters when compared with gestation-matched controls. Platelet abnormalities in severe PIH appeared to be related to the time of presentation and may be a reflection of the rate of progression of the underlying condition.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Minimal change nephropathy associated with anaplastic carcinoma of bronchus.

Nephrotic syndrome associated with extra-renal malignancy shows a characteristic pattern: carcinoma is most frequently associated with membranous glomerulonephritis and Hodgkin's disease with minimal change nephropathy. We report a patient with minimal change nephropathy in association with anaplastic carcinoma of the bronchus. Strong temporal evidence of a causal relationship is presented. The dissociation in the response of the two conditions to treatment of the tumour after relapse may be evidence of an indirect pathogenesis.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Transplantation of unpurged autologous bone-marrow in acute myeloid leukaemia in first remission.

Twelve consecutive patients aged 18-53 were given autologous remission bonemarrow and cyclophosphamide and total-body irradiation to maintain first remission of acute myeloid leukaemia. Follow-up lasted at least 6 months. Seven patients remain in complete unmaintained remission 26-140 weeks post-autograft with overall remissions of 42-202 weeks. The prediction of leukaemia-free survival based on these results is 58% at 3 years. The procedure was well tolerated and resulted in little morbidity and no mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Twenty-five year survival of chronic granulocytic leukaemia with spontaneous karyotype conversion.

Following busulphan-induced bone marrow hypoplasia a woman with chronic granulocytic leukaemia has survived 25 years from diagnosis. Since the last course of busulphan therapy in 1959 she has remained in clinical and haematological remission. Repeated cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow showed Philadelphia chromosome mosaicism with a minority of abnormal metaphases till 1969. Analysis of 150 metaphases in 1982 revealed no cells containing the Philadelphia chromosome. The possible significance of this spontaneous karyotype conversion is discussed.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1983

T lymphocyte reconstitution following autologous bone marrow transplantation.

Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subpopulations were analysed using OKT3, OKT4 and OKT8 monoclonal antibodies in eleven patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation following high dose chemotherapy +/- total body irradiation for bronchial carcinoma or as intensification therapy for acute myeloblastic leukaemia. Marked inversion of the OKT4:OKT8 ratio was noted in all patients following the procedure. This is due to both a fall in the number of OKT4 positive cells and a rise in the number of OKT8 positive cells in all but one patient. Sequential analysis of six patients shows a return to the normal ratio in two with time and a trend towards normalization in the others. We suggest that the subpopulation inversion noted following bone marrow transplantation is an effect of marrow regeneration and is not causally related to graft versus host disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The immune response in cirrhotic rats. Antigen distribution, humoral immunity, cell-mediated immunity and splenic suppressor cell activity.

The immunological disturbances occurring as a result of liver disease have been studied in an animal model of cirrhosis. The mononuclear phagocytic cells of the normal liver phagocytose large amounts of antigen irrespective of whether that antigen is injected directly into the portal or into the systemic circulations. The liver therefore acts as a filter 'in series' and 'in parallel' with the spleen and reduces the immunogenicity of antigens entering the organism by either of these routes. In rats with hepatic cirrhosis, there is a reduction in the capacity of the liver to phagocytose the flagellar antigen of Salmonella adelaide. This results in increased stimulation of splenic lymphoid tissue and in an increased antibody response to this thymus-independent antigen. The increased antigenic stimulus to the spleen may also be responsible for the increased suppressor-cell activity which has been demonstrated in these rats, and may be the mechanism of the diminished cell-mediated immune response both in this animal model of cirrhosis and in the human disease state. These studies suggest that many of the immunological disturbances associated with chronic liver disease may be the result of maldistribution of antigen occurring because of impaired hepatic phagocytic capacity.

Animals↗