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Biomedical subjects

C R Winfield

Publications and source records attributed to C R Winfield.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Exercise-induced airway narrowing in army recruits with a history of childhood asthma.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of cold, dry, inspired air to maximum heart rate (MHR) exercise increased the number of subjects demonstrating abnormal airway narrowing, when applied to symptom-free army recruits with a history of asthma in childhood. One hundred recruits with a history of asthma in childhood underwent two exercise challenges to maximum heart rate, breathing either room air or cold dry air in randomized order. The percentage fall index (%FI) was calculated for each challenge, a positive result being > or = 15%. A total of 29 subjects had a positive % fall index, 12 subjects were positive to both challenges, 7 to the room air alone and 10 to the cold air challenge alone. In these subjects (n = 29), the mean (SD) % fall index to the cold air challenge was 22.7 (11.0)% compared with 16.3 (9.5)% for the room air challenge. We conclude that when employed as a screening test for abnormal airway narrowing, the addition of cold, dry, inspired air during exercise does not increase the number of subjects with a positive response, but the magnitude of the response is increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is an uncommon cause of abdominal pain which may mimic other causes of acute abdominal pain and result in unnecessary laparotomy. In many cases clues to the diagnosis are available prior to surgery; however a high index of suspicion must be maintained if the condition is to be identified at presentation. Two cases are described followed by a review of the disease entity.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1990

Attenuation of exercise induced asthma by nedocromil sodium and sodium cromoglycate.

A randomized double blind cross over trial to compare nedocromil sodium and sodium cromoglycate with placebo in the prevention of exercise induced asthma was conducted. Twenty asthmatics received nedocromil sodium, sodium cromoglycate or placebo via metered dose inhalers on successive days 30 minutes before exercise in a randomized order. Nedocromil sodium and sodium cromoglycate gave sufficient protection (P less than 0.05) compared to placebo as assessed by the reduction in the maximum percentage fall in the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). The protective effect of nedocromil sodium and sodium cromoglycate varied in individuals.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1985

Exercised induced asthma in young male asthmatics with symptoms, and in remission.

A treadmill exercise test was carried out on 154 male subjects aged 15-25 years who gave a history of mild asthma in childhood, and on 31 similarly aged control subjects. The results were expressed as an exercise lability index, (ELI), based on measurement of FEV. The mean ELI of the control group was 7.6%, range 2.9-12.2% and a positive result in the asthma subjects was an ELI greater than 15%. Seventy five of the asthma subjects were found to have been asymptomatic for a year or more (group 1) and, in 15 of them (20%) the test was positive. The remaining 79 were currently symptomatic, or had been symptomatic within a year (group 2), and in 52 of these (66%), the test was positive. The difference between the two results was significant, p greater than or equal to 0.001. We believe this observation suggests that exercise induced asthma (EIA) cannot be demonstrated in the majority of asthmatics who are in remission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in normal and asthmatic subjects in relation to dose.

The pharmacokinetics of prednisolone have been studied in asthmatic patients following intravenous injection at three different doses and in normal volunteers at five oral doses. Plasma prednisolone concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. With increasing dose there is an increase in the apparent volume of distribution, plasma clearance and half life. The relationship between area under the plasma concentration time curve, maximum concentration and dose is linear but the regression lines do not pass through the origin. These findings following oral and intravenous administration confirm that prednisolone shows non-linear kinetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Herpes zoster pericarditis.

A healthy 22-year-old man developed acute varicella pericarditis, characterised by an enanthem with diagnostic rising titres of varicella zoster antibodies but without the typical exanthem. This, the third reported case of varicella pericarditis, is the first to be documented without a typical varicella eruption.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Clinical study of prolonged jaundice in breast- and bottle-fed babies.

A study of 893 births was undertaken to determine the incidence of prolonged neonatal jaundice. 55% of these babies were breast feeding on discharge from the maternity hospital. Jaundice lasting for 3 weeks or more was found in 12 breast-fed term babies (2-4% of all breast-fed babies), and in no bottle-fed infant. 3 of the jaundiced babies gained weight poorly in the first 3 weeks of life, but after that age failure to thrive was not associated with the prolonged jaundice. The hyperbilirubinaemia, which persisted in 11 infants from between 21 to 80 days (mean 39 days), was due to elevations in both conjugated and unconjugated fractions.

Bottle Feeding↗