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Biomedical subjects

C Raschka

Publications and source records attributed to C Raschka.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[A 15-year-old boy with spontaneous pain in the lower leg].

On kicking the ball during a football tournament, and with no involvement of any other player, a 15-year-old boy experienced a spontaneous fracture of the tibia with no fragment displacement. The X-ray of the region of the fracture revealed a cystic structure measuring approximately 3 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm. After eight weeks of conservative treatment, radiography showed bony consolidation of the cyst, and the patient was pain-free. The differential diagnosis must give consideration to juvenile and aneurysmal bone cysts, giant cell tumors and malignant tumors (e.g. osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Medical insurance focus on sports disabilities: the knee joint].

This retrospective epidemiological study analyzes the distribution of sports invalidism in Berlin and Brandenburg in a period of four years, based on the data material of the German Lloyd sports insurance company and medical expert opinions. Over 600 cases occurred in a period of four years in more than 40 types of sports disciplines; most of them were registered in soccer (57%), followed by handball (13%), volleyball (4%) and judo (4%). Most of disablements were found during competition (63%). Most of incapacities were concerned with the knee joint (48%).

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2005

[Epiphysiolysis capitis femoris caused by a repeat minor trauma].

We discuss the case of a 14-year-old boy who, after two episodes of mild recurrent sports trauma, presented with restricted mobility of the right hip due to substantial pain. Radiography revealed an acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis affecting the right femoral head. We report on the successful emergency osteosynthesis, and follow-up. On the basis of the current literature, we also discuss the clinical course of this lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Stress-induced changes of attention during choking in judo].

The aim of the investigation is the registration and analysis of cognitive parameters in the alarm phase of the stress reaction during a conventional judo cross choking technique. 57 judoka (41 males, 16 females; mean age 23.1 +/- 6.7 years) underwent a standardized cross-choking maneuvre (juji-jime), which lasted for 6 - 8 s until giving up, carried out by a black belt physician. The Stroop inference test was performed before and twice after the intervention. The reading velocity of the interference task was reduced by an average of 77.4 s to a mean of 74.4 s (p < 0.01), and the number of reading errors decreased by a mean from 2.9 to 2.1 (p < 0.01), finally increasing to 2.4 s. The data show the most important improvement in performance in 25 s after choking in the male judoka. In the female judoka increasing performance started already 25 s before choking and continued 25 s after the intervention. The alarm reaction following the potential life threatening stressor with an attack upon the throat improves selective attention before (female subjects) and after choking (female and male subjects) depending on gender.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Influence of moderate altitude on blood lactate and heart rate in a standardized exercise test in healthy volunteers.

Nineteen healthy volunteers were exposed to a standardized exercise test at sea level (SLa), at an altitude of 1700 m before (1700a) and after a moderate 10-day mountain training (1700b), with a final control four weeks later at sea level (SLb). Vital signs, blood lactate and arterial oxygen saturation were determined prior, during or after the exercise test. Whereas systolic blood pressure and heart rate at rest did not change substantially, diastolic blood pressure decreased at the final control (SLb, p<0.05) and oxygen saturation was significantly lower at 1700 m (1700a, 1700b, p<0.01). Lactate at rest increased from 1.16 (SLa) to 1.97 (1700a) mmol/l after acute exposure followed by a slight reduction after adaptation (p<0.05). The mean maximum lactate levels were as follows: 6.03, 10.56, 6.22 and 8.75 (p<0.01). The mean maximum performance increased during the study (225.6, 223.3, 231.6, 248.1 Watt, p<0.01). Lactate versus workload curves did not show a marked shift to the right. No significant changes of maximum heart rates during the exercise test were found. In conclusion, a sojourn at 1700 m provokes an increase of lactate levels with subsequent reduction after acclimatization and has a significant positive impact on the mean maximum performance after moderate mountain training.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed2004

[Early symptoms and causes of sudden death related to sports activities].

BACKGROUND: This study provides an overview on presymptoms and causes of sport-related death and suggests preventive measures. METHODS: 29 436 autopsies of the Centre of Legal Medicine at the University of Frankfurt/Main from 1972 to 2001 were analysed and compared with a control group. RESULTS: 96 men (95 %, average age 53.3 years) and 5 women (5 %, average age 36.4 years) were involved in 101 fatalities connected with sports (0.34 % of all autopsies). 78 athletes (77.2 %) died during, 20 (19.8 %) immediately after sport activities. Immediately before death 18 of 50 persons concerned were free of symptoms, twelve complained of nausea and vomiting, seven of vertigo, five of weakness, four of epigastric pain and dyspnoea, three exhibited angina pectoris symptoms. The day before death 7 of 25 athletes had symptoms like angina pectoris, nausea, backache and palpitation. 84 fatalities (83.2 %) were due to coronary heart disease. Seven were due to myocarditis (6.9 %), in four cases (26.7 %) among athletes younger than 36. Among children and adolescents (n = 4) myocarditis, cardiomyopathy and in two cases a valvular defect of the heart were the cause of death. In comparison to controls death in elder athletes due to coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction was high significantly more common and athletes died significantly younger. CONCLUSIONS: Further prospective investigations are needed to provide strategies for prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Relation between pharmacodynamic and anthropometric parameters during ergometry at rest and after repeated intake of metoprolol in healthy volunteers: results of a pilot study.

Metoprolol is a widely used beta1-selective beta-blocker in hypertension and tachycardia. The influence on vital signs at rest and during ergometry (exercise heart rate or blood pressure, effect areas above baseline) was investigated in a pilot study with 18 healthy volunteers (mean age 29.1 years) by means of multiple and pairwise correlation analysis. At rest, the difference between predose and day 5 values were not associated with anthropometric characteristics. During ergometry for weight and height significant negative correlations were found corresponding to marked beta-values in the multiple regression models. Therefore heart rate decreases less markedly in slim persons which should be taken into consideration in exercise tests during metoprolol intake.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed2003

Influence of choking in Judo on vision in well-trained Judoka: an explorative field study.

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of a cross-choking-technique commonly used in Judo on visual acuity. In 156 Judokas, experienced in competition, visual acuity was examined before and after choking (Juji-Jime). The average age of the 46 female and 110 male subjects was 22.8 years (standard deviation 10.5 years). In all examined grades of distance (infinite, 0.55 m and 0.4 m), eye tests showed an improvement of visual acuity after choking on a highly significant scale. In quantitative terms, vision the far sight range was optimized more clearly than in the close ranges. The following mechanisms are discussed as possible causes of the present results: an increase of blinking frequency induced by stress, an optimized tear film covering the cornea, a stenopaeic gap induced by improved blinking, pupillomotor alterations and an improved cerebral processing of visual signals and information. From an evolutionary-biologic perspective, the benefit of this psychophysiological mechanism might consist in an improvement of visual acuity in moments of danger, approaching from a distance and, thus, better chances of survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Ethical principles of clinical trials in minors].

Clinical trials in volunteers and patients are essential to ensure rational treatment of patients. As a rule, drugs are routinely developed for adults, but children are excluded. A major reason for this restriction are ethical justifications, in particular the lack of autonomy on the part of children. The principle of fairness, however, requires that everyone should benefit from progress. Industry, science and society are therefore called upon to find ways of making available safe and adequate treatment for children as quickly as possible, by defining the required conditions for pediatric clinical trials. Important principles are minimal risk, minimal invasivity, rapid decision-making, and careful documentation of trial results. Dynamic ethical principles, such as autonomy and competence in adolescents must be considered on equal footing with existing international GCP guidelines. Aspects of child psychology indicate that the autonomy of adolescents should be respected. Where economic incentives for such trials are absent, for example, in the case of non-pharmacological problems, pediatric trials must be considered a task for society as a whole.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Seasonal variations in sudden death in sports clubs].

2,825 cases of sudden deaths (2,669 men, 156 women) in sports-clubs between 1981 and 1999 were evaluated retrospectively by means of the cosinor method in order to detect a circannual distribution of occurrence. Deaths due to cardiovascular and traumatic events were additionally studied with regard to seasonal differences of frequency. The number of sudden deaths per month during a period of 19 years could be significantly fitted to a cosine model with a maximum in June, the absolute maximum value being observed in May (n = 317). In particular, accidents were more frequently found in spring and summer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Hemodynamic, endocrinological and psychological investigations on subjects during helicopter flights].

PURPOSE: The emergency transport in an ambulance can be a considerable physical and psychological stress for the patient. In this article we report on a stress test with 23 volunteers transported in an emergency helicopter. METHODS: We determined the hemodynamic and endocrinological values of 23 volunteers after a standardised 15-minute transportation in a helicopter type EC 135. RESULTS: During the take-off we registered an increase of the heart rate of 18% and endocrinological parameters were elevated up to 51%. All the registered values were within the physiological tolerance level. Psychological tests showed a feeling of fear and agitation before take-off, but after the flight the volunteers reported less stress than expected. CONCLUSION: The stress situation is caused by fear of the flight, that cannot be objectively justified. The relatively low stress induction by helicopter transportation might be an indication that there should be more patient transport with modern helicopters, especially for non-trauma patients. This subject deserves further investigation.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗