PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Requena

Publications and source records attributed to C Requena.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effects of cholinergic drugs and cognitive training on dementia: 2-year follow-up.

Several studies have shown that pharmacological and cognitive treatments for Alzheimers's disease improve cognitive function for short periods, but fewer studies have evaluated the efficacy of those treatments for longer (2-year) periods. An initial sample of 68 subjects with mild Alzheimer's disease underwent clinical and cognitive evaluation. After evaluation, subjects were assigned to four different groups and participated in a 2-year follow-up study. Group 1 (n = 14) received combined drug and cognitive stimulation, group 2 (n = 20) received only drug treatment, group 3 (n = 14) received only cognitive stimulation, and group 4 (n = 30) received no treatment at all. Results confirmed previous investigation, cognitive and combined stimulation improved patients' performance throughout the 1st year; however, all groups deteriorated gradually throughout the 2nd year of treatment. According to this evidence, it can be concluded that we cannot stop cognitive deterioration after 2 years of treatment, although deterioration is greater and its progress faster in patients not receiving any treatment at all.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Clinical, dermoscopy and histological correlation study of melanotic pigmentations in excision scars of melanocytic tumours.

BACKGROUND: Melanotic pigmentations in scars consecutive to the excision of melanocytic tumours can be secondary to a reactive phenomenon related to the scar tissue or to a recurrence of the melanocytic lesion excised in the first case. Recurrent naevi may sometimes adopt unusual features that make them difficult to differentiate from a melanoma. OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical, dermoscopic and histological features of melanotic pigmentations in scars consecutive to the excision of melanocytic tumours, and to correlate the histological diagnosis with the dermoscopic features. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study using macrophotography, dermoscopy and histopathological study. Ninety-five melanotic pigmentations (77 patients) in scars secondary to the excision of melanocytic tumours were prospectively collected in the Department of Dermatology at the Instituto Valenciano de Oncología in Valencia, Spain. Histopathological study was performed in 57 scars. RESULTS: Thirteen dermoscopic structures were identified. Four criteria allowed a differentiation between reactive and specific melanocytic pigmentations. Presence of globules and presence of heterogeneous pigmentation were features associated with specific melanocytic pigmentations (P < 0.0001). Presence of a regular network and presence of streaks were more frequently found in reactive pigmentations (P = 0.023 and 0.026, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Dermoscopic examination of melanotic pigmentations in excision scars of melanocytic tumours provides useful information about the origin of that pigmentation. Based on such information, recurrent naevi can be differentiated from reactive pigmentations in most cases. Excision and histopathological diagnosis continue to be imperative in some cases of recurrent naevi with atypical clinical features.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed2006

Basal cell carcinoma of the nasolabial fold: an apparently 'benign' tumour that often needs complex surgery.

BACKGROUND: Location of the tumour is a well-known prognostic factor for recurrence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). We have observed that tumours located in the nasolabial fold may deserve a particular attention. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the behaviour of BCC located on the nasolabial fold in comparison to a control group of patients with BCC in lower risk sites, and to detect characteristics which may imply a more complicated treatment or the consideration of adjuvant treatment. METHODS: A series of 24 patients with BCC located on the nasolabial fold were retrospectively recruited from our database of Mohs surgery from January 1997 to December 2000. A control group of 37 patients with BCC located on the cheek or forehead were selected from the same database. The differences between both groups in clinical, surgical and histological terms were evaluated. RESULTS: BCC on the nasolabial fold presented with shorter evolution time from first symptom, had a smaller size, had been less frequently treated before and showed mostly non-aggressive histologic subtype, but needed more surgical stages and more complex reconstruction. CONCLUSION: We have observed that BCC on the nasolabial fold, despite presenting with better clinical and histological features, needed more complicated surgery. In our opinion, this location warrants a particular attention and further prospective studies should be made to corroborate our findings.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

An amalgam tattoo on the oral mucosa related to a dental prosthesis.

A 60-year-old woman presented with a pigmented lesion on the upper left gingival mucosa of 2 years duration. The lesion was in an area where a dental metallic prosthesis had been inserted into a nearby tooth several years earlier. A biopsy of the affected mucosa showed aggregates of pigmented granules varying in size in the dermis, extracellular matrix and within macrophages; these did not stain with melanin stains. The diagnosis was consistent with an amalgam tattoo.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2004

Effects of cholinergic drugs and cognitive training on dementia.

A study was performed on patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in order to evaluate the efficacy of a combined treatment (donepezil plus cognitive training) in both cognitive processes and affective states. Eighty-six subjects, 25 men and 61 women, with an average age of 75.58 years, were studied. Almost all the subjects had a basic educational level. Donezepil was administered at a dose of 10 mg daily along with cognitive treatment involving images of everyday life and reminiscent music; the sessions took place on Monday to Friday and lasted three quarters of an hour. The study lasted 12 months. Subjects underwent test-retest with the following tests: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog); the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the overall deterioration scale (FAST). The results showed that subjects receiving the combined treatment had a better response than those who did not receive any cognitive training. These subjects' MMSE score decreased by 3.24 on average. The affective symptomatology of those receiving only drug treatment improved whereas the cognitive processes did not.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Excellent response of basal cell carcinomas and pigmentary changes in xeroderma pigmentosum to imiquimod 5% cream.

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive disease in which patients have a 1000-fold increased risk of developing cutaneous neoplasms. Management of patients with XP is a difficult therapeutic challenge as they usually present with many cutaneous malignancies and continue to form skin tumours at a high rate. We describe a 19-year-old woman with XP who had been previously treated with many different therapeutic approaches. She had an excellent clinical response of her multiple small pigmented basal cell carcinomas and pigmentary changes using imiquimod 5% cream with only minor side-effects.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Cutaneous metastases from Ewing's sarcoma: report of two cases.

Ewing's sarcoma is a malignant osseous neoplasm that affects mostly children and young adult males. Clinically, the neoplasm presents with oedema, swelling, and pain of the involved area. Histopathologically, Ewing's sarcoma consists of solid sheets of small round cells, with vesicular nuclei and scant cytoplasm, arranged in irregular masses separated by strands of fibrous tissue, with areas of necrosis en masse intermingled with intratumoural haemorrhage. Ewing's sarcoma is an extremely aggressive neoplasm and metastases to sites such as lung, pleura, other bones, central nervous system, liver, and regional lymph nodes frequently develop in early stages of the disease. Surprisingly, despite the highly aggressive biological behaviour of this neoplasm, cutaneous metastases from Ewing's sarcoma are very uncommon. We report two patients with Ewing's sarcoma of the bone who developed cutaneous metastases. As in other internal malignancies, the onset of cutaneous metastases in patients with Ewing's sarcoma indicates a poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with onset in early childhood: a case report.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a tumour that grows locally, infiltrating the subcutaneous tissue; it is uncommon in children. We report the case of a 27-year-old man who had had such a lesion from the age of 3 years, and it had enlarged during his lifetime. A wide local excision with margins of 3.0 cm was performed, but the lesion was not entirely removed. This is a new report of infantile dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and this case reflects the need for Mohs micrographic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Linear childhood cutaneous lupus erythematosus following Blaschko lines.

We report a case of a 3-year-old Spanish boy with linear cutaneous lupus erythematosus following the lines of Blaschko on his face and neck. Histological examination established the diagnosis. Only eight cases of discoid lupus erythematosus following the lines of Blaschko have been reported previously.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2001

Adverse reactions to injectable aesthetic microimplants.

New inert materials such as polymerized silicones, Bioplastique, Artecoll, and Dermalive are now being used as injectable aesthetic microimplants. These substances are better than the old ones because they tend not to migrate and do not usually produce much of a host immune response. Adverse reactions after injection of these materials are rare, although there are a few reported cases as a result of bad technique or anomalous granulomatous reactions. We report on four patients with unsightly results after cosmetic microimplants, including one of Artecoll, one of Dermalive (to the best of our knowledge, the latter is the first such case reported), and two of silicone. This report describes the histopathologic features of cutaneous reactions to these injectable aesthetic materials.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Animal type melanoma: a report of a case with balloon-cell change and sentinel lymph node metastasis.

Animal type melanoma is a rare histopathologic variant of melanoma characterized by sheets and nodules of heavily pigmented epithelioid melanocytes that involve the entire thickness of the dermis. This human neoplasm mimics melanocytic neoplasms seen in gray horses and laboratory animals; thus, is termed animal type melanoma. It is quite rare and, with only a few reported cases, its biological behavior is not well understood. We report an example of animal type melanoma on the back of a 27-year-old man. The lesion showed areas of melanoma in situ, which ruled out the possibility of metastatic melanoma. Features of regression were also seen at dermo-epidermal junction and papillary dermis. In some areas, neoplastic melanocytes exhibited a balloon-cell appearance; in others the neoplasm was composed of sheets and fascicles of heavily pigmented epithelioid melanocytes that permeated the entire dermis and extended into the dermal-subcutaneous interface, mimicking a cellular blue nevus. Epithelioid melanocytes in deeper areas showed abundant, heavily pigmented cytoplasm and pleomorphic nuclei with prominent eosinophilic nucleoli and some mitotic figures. The neoplastic cells did not show evidence of maturation in deeper areas of the lesion. In some sections, a nodule of heavily pigmented epithelioid melanocytes was seen far from the main bulk of the lesion, at the dermal-subcutaneous interface, raising the possibility of a satellite lesion. A lymphoscintigraphy showed a sentinel lymph node in the right axilla and a subsequent axillary lymphadenectomy demonstrated that the architecture of the sentinel lymph node was effaced by metastatic melanoma. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy with inteferon alfa-2b and four months after this treatment the patient is alive and well, without evidence of recurrences or additional metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The morphological and morphometric study of the segment of the labyrinth of the fallopian canal].

The study of the Fallopian canal with bone specimens can offer an exact and valuable information on the morphology of this duct and its close relations with neighbouring structures. The aim of this paper is to give an actualized compilation of the updated know findings, regarding the morphology and the morphometry of the first segment of the Fallopian canal. The study is based on 92 human temporal bones coming from skulls of adult subjects of both sexes. After a careful drilling work the whole length of the canal, that of the I.E.C. and the corresponding to the labyrinthine segment as well, were exposed and measured. The results allowed the AA. the macroscopical checking of the inversed ratio between the length and the calibre of the investigated canals. The labyrinthine portion of the facial canal is more narrow at its beginning (at the bottom of the I.E.C.) becoming broader as the duct approaches the first knee (geniculated ganglion) of the nerve.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Morphological and morphometric study of the tympanic and mastoid portions of the fallopian aqueduct].

In surgery of the temporal bone the best way to avoid injuries to the facial nerve is to be acquainted with its location in all the surgical steps of the procedure scheduled. That is to say: an exact knowledge of its normal intratemporal run, having always in mind some characteristic landmarks, is absolutely essential. This work has been done through drilling 92 human temporal bones, measuring the length of both the tympanic and mastoidal segments and also considering the bending of the 2nd knee of the nerve. In the issue the mastoidal portion resulted the most straight (by half of the cases) whereas the tympanic one was slightly sloping downwards between the lateral semicircular canal upwards and the oval window below. Topographically has not been possible to establish neither a strict correlation between the location of the pyramide and the 2nd knee nor this knee was found by uns (in contrast to other AA's findings) at higher angle than 90 degrees in our specimen.

Culture Techniques↗
PubMed1989

Simultaneous occurrence of junctional nevus and seborrheic keratosis.

A 45-year-old man presented with a pigmented lesion on his face. A clinical diagnosis of melanocytic nevus was made and the lesion was excised. Histopathologic examination showed a reticular seborrheic keratosis associated with a junctional nevus. We discuss the relation of nevocellular nevi with epidermal and adnexal tumors.

Cheek↗