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Biomedical subjects

C Riley

Publications and source records attributed to C Riley.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Weekly and yearly rhythms in plasma fibrinogen in hospitalized male military veterans.

The variation in plasma fibrinogen level demonstrating prominent circaseptan and circannual cycles is clinically relevant. There is a correlation between increasing level of fibrinogen and other hemostatic factors and risk of myocardial infarction and sudden death. The circaseptan and circannual cycles in fibrinogen concentration described in this study may help to explain further the variation in frequency of coronary events. Furthermore, the recent demonstration of a circadian pattern in the efficacy of tissue plasminogen activator, with peak efficacy occurring at 2000 hours--10 hours after the peak incidence of myocardial infarction--implies that further patterns to coronary artery syndromes may be predicted and the treatment efficacy may rely on demonstrated circaseptan and circannual cycles of these events.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A comparative study of family functioning among Vietnamese and Cambodian refugees.

This study was designed to determine the extent of family problems among a clinic population of Cambodian and Vietnamese refugees, and to identify similarities and differences between the two groups. All 107 patients with adolescent children from a total clinic population of 298 were interviewed using a semistructured questionnaire, results were tabulated, and statistical methods were applied. The types of problems with children described by parents were classified into the dimensions of communication, personal behaviors, school performance, social behaviors, and antisocial behaviors. There were significantly more problems described by Vietnamese parents as compared with Cambodian parents. Vietnamese parents reported significantly more dissatisfaction with life in the United States. For both ethnic groups, parents' relationships with their adolescent children were a major source of concern and had a major impact on parents' perceptions of their own health. Yet, there were important ethnic differences between these refugee groups in how patients perceived their problems.

Acculturation↗
PubMed1995

Ceroid granulomas in the female genital system.

Three cases of ceroid granulomas of the female genital system are presented, involving the cervix in two and lesions in the ovaries and bowel serosa in the other. Ceroid granulomas are unusual and interesting lesions formed when suitable substrates accumulate within macrophages to such an extent that a relative lack of biological antioxidants results and auto-oxidation and conversion to ceroid is favoured. This may occur in the setting of haemorrhage and necrosis, whether from tumour necrosis or associated with endometriosis. Other sources of lipids and lipoproteins include bile, meconium and vernix caseosa.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Analysis of apatite deposits on substrates.

Calcium phosphate coatings, important for medical implant applications can occur in several different phases. Because of differences in properties of these phases it is imperative to be able to identify their presence in a substrate's coating. In this study we characterized hydroxy apatite (HA) surfaces applied by four different coating procedures. Included were plasma sprayed, sputtered, a composite, and a composite overlayed with plasma sprayed. It was found that a combination of reflectance infrared and Raman spectroscopy could be utilized to make an in situ characterization of the calcium phosphate phases. It was shown that plasma sprayed and sputtered coatings of HA lost OH and thus decreased in crystallinity, while composite coatings remained unchanged from the original HA powder.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1993

Periodontal microflora of HIV positive subjects with gingivitis or adult periodontitis.

The subgingival microflora of 39 HIV+ subjects with gingivitis or adult periodontitis was cultured quantitatively anaerobically for bacteria, spirochetes, and mycoplasma and aerobically for yeasts. Isolates were characterized by conventional biochemical tests, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of soluble proteins, cellular fatty acid profiles, immunofluorescence, and immunodiffusion. In general, the same types of bacteria were isolated from the subgingival crevice of HIV+ subjects as we previously had isolated from the subgingival crevice of non-HIV subjects. A statistically significant difference was found between the composition of the flora of HIV+ subjects with adult periodontitis (AP) and concurrent studies of a non-HIV+ AP population. Mycoplasma salivarium was significantly elevated in the HIV+ subjects examined. Yeasts were isolated from only 10% of the samples and from 13% of the HIV-positive subjects at 0.05 to 0.0002% of the total cultivable count when present.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

Indochinese patients in the civil commitment process.

This paper examines in detail the involvement of a group of Indochinese patients in the Oregon Civil Commitment process in the calendar years of 1985 and 1986. The authors found that there was no apparent difference in the rate of commitment as contrasted to the overall commitment rate of the general population. The results also indicated that there was heavy reliance on the Indochinese Psychiatric Program and staff to divert the involuntary Indochinese patients out of the commitment process. Furthermore, comparing the involuntary Indochinese patients to a randomly selected cohort of Indochinese patients hospitalized in the same period revealed no differences in demographic data, diagnosis, and treatment history except that the involuntary group was significantly younger and predominantly male. Finally, the follow-up study of the two cohorts showed high rates of hospitalization, noncompliance, and treatment drop-out.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Over the obstacles.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1992

Increased activity of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in purified cell suspensions and single cells from the uterine cervix in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

The activities of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase have been measured in squamous epithelial cells of the uterine cervix from normal patients and cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). A biochemical cycling method, which uses only simple equipment and is suited to routine use and to automation, was applied to cells separated by gradient centrifugation. In addition, cells were examined cytochemically, and the intensity of staining in the cytoplasm of single whole cells was measured using computerised microcytospectrophotometry. Twenty per cent of cells in samples from normal patients (n=61) showed staining intensities above an extinction of 0.15 at 540 nm, compared to 71% of cases of CIN 1 (n=14), 91% of cases of CIN 2 (n=11) and 67% of cases of CIN 3 (n=15). The cytochemical data do not allow definitive distinctions to be made between different grades of CIN whereas the biochemical assay applied to cell lysates shows convincing differences between normal samples and cases of CIN. There are no false negatives for CIN 3 (n=14) and CIN 2 (n=10) and 11% false negatives for CIN 1 (n=9) and 14% of false positives for normal cases (n=21). The results of this preliminary study with reference to automation are discussed [corrected].

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1992

Periodontal health in 200 HIV-positive patients.

Two hundred HIV-positive subjects were surveyed to determine their periodontal health status. Particular attention was given to the occurrence of a severe and rapidly progressing form of periodontal disease designated "HIV-associated periodontitis", which has been reported as being unique to AIDS patients. Among the subjects comprising the cohort, 85 subjects had good gingival health, 59 subjects exhibited gingivitis, 49 cases of adult periodontitis were observed, 5 subjects presented with advance adult periodontitis, and 2 cases of necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP) were found within the group. The periodontitis of the patients in this survey did not have unique or pathognomonic characteristics which could set their periodontal disease apart from the periodontal disease seen in HIV negative population.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Heart of the matter.

Nearly half of all deaths in Wales are from cardiovascular disease. Christopher Riley and colleagues set out how health planners aim to change all that with protocols for health gain.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1991

The policy practice interface in Wales.

The National Health Service in Wales, through the work of the Welsh Health Planning Forum (WHPF), has developed a new and exciting way of planning and managing its services. This encourages consumers to exert influence from the individual right through to the national level. Furthermore, managers are required to seek out and involve people, and to take advice from consumer-led groups. In this paper, Jeremy Felvus and colleagues describe briefly this new way of working and give practical examples of its impact on strategy development at all levels.

Community Participation↗
PubMed1990

Analysis of anticancer drugs in biological fluids: determination of taxol with application to clinical pharmacokinetics.

Taxol, a novel antimitotic, antitumor agent is currently undergoing Phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of various tumors. An isocratic HPLC method has been developed for the determination of taxol in human plasma and urine. The method was then applied to the clinical pharmacokinetics of taxol following 6-h intravenous (i.v.) infusions at doses of 175 and 225 mg m-2. A mobile phase of methanol-acetate buffer (0.02 M, pH 4.5) (65:35, v/v) was used to elute a C8 column with detection at 227 nm. The sample preparation involved extraction with t-butyl methyl ether followed by further clean-up of the sample by solid-phase extraction. The method was linear from 0.10-10 microM injected, with a chromatographic run time of 6 min. The results obtained from the clinical study indicate that the plasma pharmacokinetics of taxol are best characterized by a two compartment open body model. Additionally, the present study resulted in the detection of a previously unreported peak which may be a metabolite of taxol.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1990

The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and its clinical significance among Southeast Asian refugees.

All 322 patients at a psychiatric clinic for Indochinese refugees were surveyed to determine the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). If PTSD was not diagnosed at the time of initial evaluation, a structured reinterview was performed. Seventy percent of the patients (N = 226) met the criteria for a current diagnosis of PTSD, and an additional 5% (N = 15) met the criteria for a past diagnosis. The Mein had the highest rate of PTSD (93%) and the Vietnamese the lowest (54%). Of the patients with PTSD who were enrolled in the clinic before March 1988, 46% (N = 87) were given a diagnosis of PTSD only after the reinterview. PTSD is a common disorder among Indochinese refugees, but the diagnosis is often difficult to make.

Asia, Southeastern↗
PubMed1989

Changes in serum copper and zinc during treatment with anticancer drugs interfering with pyridoxal phosphate.

Hexamethylmelamine, pentamethylmelamine and procarbazine are anticancer drugs known to interfere with pyridoxal phosphate. This paper presents results on copper and zinc serum levels during the treatment with each of these drugs used as single agents. Six NZW rabbits weighing 2.7-4.5 kg were used in these experiments. Hexamethylmelamine and procarbazine were administered by gastric gavage and pentamethylmelamine by intravenous route at the daily doses of 100 mg, 30 mg and 50 mg/kg of body weight respectively for up to four days. Blood samples were collected in metal free tubes at fasting state before and during the treatment. Student's paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. The pretreatment serum copper concentration significantly (p = 0.05) increased and conversely the serum zinc concentration significantly (p = 0.05) decreased during each drug treatment. Consequently the copper/zinc ration significantly increased from 0.32, 0.33 and 0.27 to 1.16, 0.63 and 1.13 for hexamethylmelamine, pentamethylmelamine and procarbazine respectively. These results indicate, that daily administration of three anticancer drugs interfering with pyridoxal phosphate causes changes in serum copper and zinc levels with inversed relationship between both changes.

Altretamine↗