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Biomedical subjects

C Roggi

Publications and source records attributed to C Roggi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The relationship between education and risk factors for coronary heart disease. Epidemiological analysis from the nine communities study. The Research Group ATS-OB43 of CNR.

In nine samples of adult populations (2707 males and 2871 females, aged 20-59 years) we studied the relationship between educational level and several lifestyle factors at risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), (i.e., smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary fat intake, sedentary behaviour at work and leisure) and the association between education and certain CHD risk factors (i.e., total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index). The data were analyzed separately in samples from North, Central and Southern Italy. The results show that educational level is often associated to the lifestyle factors considered here. This association was positive for both men and women for physical activity at leisure and work stress and only for women with respect to smoking. It was negative for both men and women for alcohol consumption and physical activity at work and for men only for cigarette smoking. The age-adjusted mean levels of the CHD risk factors show some significant differences among subjects with different educational levels, which were not always the same for the three geographical areas. This was with the exception of BMI in females, which appears negatively associated to education in all areas. These differences decreased after adjustments were made for daily cigarette smoking, wine consumption and dietary fat intake. Education seems to play a determining role in lifestyle, however, its direct and indirect effects on some major CHD risk factors are somewhat different in areas at different socio-economic conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Relation between diet composition and coronary heart disease risk factors.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate dietary intakes and their correlation to some risk factors for coronary heart disease. DESIGN: The study was a population based survey with random sample selection stratified by age and sex. PARTICIPANTS: 352 adults living in a small town in Northern Italy took part in the study. Response rate was 46% among females and 48% among males. Refusal to take part was mainly due to the large number of tests involved. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Diets were high in protein (animal/vegetable ratio 1.7 in women and 1.4 in men) and in fat and low in carbohydrates. The hypercholesterolaemic and atherogenic potential of the diet, evaluated by the cholesterol/saturated fat index, was high in about 50% of the population. The thiamin and riboflavin intakes were lower than the Italian recommended allowances in more than 60% of the people tested, whereas the vitamin A intake was more than adequate in about 70%. A positive association was found in the younger groups (men and women 20-39 years old) between some nutrient components (energy, alcohol, total and saturated fats) and some blood lipids. In the older people blood lipids were correlated with body mass index. CONCLUSIONS: The overall data indicate that a correlation exists between dietary intake and some risk factors for coronary heart disease; dietary intervention, at least in young adults, is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Insulin secretion in migraine: influence on the blood levels of tryptophan.

The blood levels of free tryptophan, glucose and insulin were determined in different groups of patients suffering from headache, initially and after a glucose tolerance and a tolbutamide tolerance test. The control group consisted of subjects without neurological or psychiatric disturbance. A sharp drop of blood tryptophan levels was observed in migraine patients during the tolbutamide tolerance. Migraine attacks may be induced in certain subjects by a disturbance of 5-hydroxytryptamine turnover.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adaptation to a rapeseed oil enriched diet as shown by the mitochondrial oxidation rate in the heart (author's transl)].

40 wistar rats were divided into two groups which had been fed one year earlier a diet in which 30% of the caloric intake consisted of rapeseed oil and peanut oil respectively. Both groups were then fed a diet of 30% peanut oil for five months and then fed a normal diet for seven months. At this time each of the two main groups was subdivided into four smaller groups, each group receiving a different diet: one of 25% rapeseed oil, one of 25% peanut oil, one of 25% butter, and one internal control group. At the end of the experiment the rats were sacrificed by decapitation. One portion of each heart was used for measuring its fatty acid content and the remaining portion was used for preparing sarcosomes on which the exigen consumption was measured polarographically. It was found that no erucic acid was present in the hearts of the rats fed rapeseed oil one year previously, and then then refed the same diet in the present experiment. The mitochondrial respiratory activity of the treated rats did not show any significant difference with respect to the found in the control groups, unlike the first experiment.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Survey on environmental contamination in the total diet of an Italian population].

This work is a review of the total diet studies carried out in the nineties in the area of Pavia in order to evaluate food exposure to some xenobiotics: heavy metals (cadmium, mercury, lead, nickel), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides and mycotoxins. The review shows that: total diet studies are the best tool to evaluate food exposure to xenobiotics; however, the studies utility depends both on the presence of an actual correlation between xenobiotic food exposure and xenobiotic concentration in human body and depends also on environmental distribution of the xenobiotic. It's the case of the mycotoxins which, characterised by a punctiform contamination, can be studied only with analytical studies on biological samples, e.g. human milk. The results point out that some groups of the population are at risk because of high xenobiotic food ingestions above the acceptable daily intakes. In conclusion, we suggest that total diet studies should be carried out in a more systematic way in order to obtain effective surveillance and preventive programmes, besides we underline that the definition of reference values may be of great utility.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reference concentrations of dietary consumption of xenobiotics].

Total diet studies are the best tool to evaluate food exposure to xenobiotics. These studies are based on xenobiotic concentrations measured in foods that are related to food consumption data in order to obtain reliable assessment of xenobiotic food intakes. This work is a review of the main international literature and points out international, European and Italian data of xenobiotic food ingestion. In particular, it focuses on metals, trace elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and some mycotoxin intakes in the total diet. Recorded data show that xenobiotic ingestion differs from nation to nation in relation to environmental pollution and contamination, geographical and climatic conditions, food habits and consumption. Therefore, in order to define reference values for xenobiotic food exposure, it is necessary to set up a monitoring and risk surveillance program by collecting data in a permanent and systematic way. Nevertheless, we have hypothesized some xenobiotic reference values for the area of Pavia based on local studies.

Food Contamination↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adolescent Body Mass Index data: what differences result using different reference standard curves?].

Childhood and adolescent obesity prevalence rates have steadily increased both in industrialised and developing countries in the last years. Data from literature show that BMI is an acceptable indicator to assess overweight and obesity also in children and adolescents. Different reference standard curves for BMI exist: the percentiles of Rolland-Chacherà, Luciano, the National Center for Health Statistics, Cole and Cacciari. Nevertheless, different cut off points are used by the authors to identify underweight, overweight and obesity. The aim of the present study was to investigate what differences can emerge when comparing adolescent BMI using different references standard curves. Five hundreds and thirty-five adolescent subjects, aged 15.4 +/- 0.7 years, were recruited in Aosta Valley (Northen Italy). BMI was calculated according to the following equation: BMI = weight/height2 (kg/m2). The data obtained were distributed according to BMI percentiles and than compared with references standard curves. The comparison shows different results especially when underweight, overweight and obesity are identified. In conclusion, it can be asserted that BMI is an useful indicator to assess adiposity (overweight and obesity) in adolescent, but one should be cautious when comparing results based on different references.

Adolescent↗