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C Ruiz-Matus

Publications and source records attributed to C Ruiz-Matus.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Survey of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 3 Mexican states, 1997.

BACKGROUND: Drug resistance threatens global tuberculosis (TB) control efforts. Population-based estimates of drug resistance are needed to develop strategies for controlling drug-resistant TB in Mexico. OBJECTIVE: To obtain population-based data on Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance in Mexico. METHODS: To obtain drug resistance data, we conducted a population-based study of TB cases in the states of Baja California, Sinaloa, and Oaxaca, Mexico. We performed cultures and drug susceptibility testing on M tuberculosis isolates from patients with newly diagnosed, smear-positive TB from April 1 to October 31, 1997. RESULTS: Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from 460 (75%) of the 614 patients. Levels of resistance in new and retreatment TB cases to 1 or more of the 3 current first-line drugs used in Mexico (isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide) were 12.9% and 50.5%, respectively; the corresponding levels of multi-drug-resistant TB were 2.4% and 22.4%. Retreatment cases were significantly more likely than new cases to have isolates resistant to 1 or more of the 3 first-line drugs (relative risk [RR], 3.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8-5.5), to have isoniazid resistance (RR, 3.6; 95% CI, 2.5-5.2), and to have multi-drug-resistant TB (RR, 9.4; 95% CI, 4.3-20.2). CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study of M tuberculosis demonstrates moderately high levels of drug resistance. Important issues to consider in the national strategy to prevent M tuberculosis resistance in Mexico include consideration of the most appropriate initial therapy in patients with TB, the treatment of patients with multiple drug resistance, and surveillance or periodic surveys of resistance among new TB patients to monitor drug resistance trends.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The epidemiological surveillance of dengue in Mexico].

The clinical behavior of dengue fever in Mexico has changed, now with the occurrence of hemorrhagic cases. In response to the emergence of such cases, a specific epidemiologic surveillance system has been designed and implemented. This system includes the means to monitor the factors involved in the evolution of the disease. The identification and analysis of these factors is necessary to implement prevention and control measures. This paper presents the main components and procedures of the epidemiologic surveillance system for common and hemorrhagic dengue fever in Mexico, emphasizing the usefulness of the risk approach to predict the pattern of this disease. The model includes the collaboration of a multidisciplinary group. The Epidemiologic Surveillance State Committee, coordinated by the National Health System, participates in the collection and analysis of epidemiologic data, particularly data related to the population, the individual, the vector, the viruses and the environment.

Aedes↗
PubMed1993

Five cases of primary amebic meningoencephalitis in Mexicali, Mexico: study of the isolates.

Five Naegleria strains isolated from patients with primary amebic meningoencephalitis and one strain isolated from the water of an artificial canal were investigated. All strains were pathogenic for mice when instilled intranasally and showed cytopathic effects in Vero cell cultures. Their growth characteristics (isolation and subculture at 45 degrees C), serological results, and isoenzyme patterns permitted us to identify the six strains as Naegleria fowleri. This is the first time that Naegleria fowleri has been isolated from patients with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in Mexico.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

[Epidemiologic investigation of measles in Mexico. A methodological proposal].

The epidemiological study of measles needs a critical perspective in addition to a descriptive study of variables in time, place and person. The goal of this critical and methodological study of measles is to evaluate the coverage and efficacy of the vaccine in the affected population. These indicators will provide an indirect evaluation of the preventable services. This document presents a general view of the epidemiological design of cohorts and case-control studies and their immediately application to the study of measles. It describe the mathematical procedures for calculating the coverage and efficacy of the measles vaccine in community and hospital outbreaks.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1990

[Epidemiologic study of a whooping cough outbreak in Rincón Grande, Veracruz].

An outbreak of whooping cough occurred in February 1988 in the town of Rincon Grande, borough of Santa Ana Atzacan, Veracruz. The objectives of this study were: to corroborate the presence of infection by Bordetella pertussis, to survey the immunizational status against this organism in this population, to identify the etiologic agent involved and the main epidemiologic characteristics of the outbreak. A descriptive study of the cases with the known population as well as a study of the cases and controls to identify the risk factors associated with illness were performed. Among the 461 inhabitants of the town of Rincon Grande, Veracruz, 85 cases were detected giving an attack rate of 18.4 per 100 inhabitants. The outbreak lasted 13 weeks with the highest incidence occurring from the 7th to the 13th of January 1988. The 7 to 11 month old group was the age group most affected having a rate of attack of 85%. The rate of secondary attacks was greater at the intrafamiliar level than at the scholastic level. The main symptoms included: the paroxysmal cough, fever, stridor, epistaxis and conjunctival hemorrhage. Among the complications found were: pneumonia, hemotympanus and dehydration; 84% of the affected children showed leukocytosis and lymphocytosis. The determination of serum B. pertussis antibody levels, demonstrated high levels in 60% of the paired samples. In 14% of the patients there was serologic evidence of an association with an adenovirus infection. The study of the cases and the controls revealed that living with 10 or more persons in the same room, and that having an intrafamiliar contact represented a greater risk for acquiring the disease (odds ratio = 21, P less than 0.05). The immunization survey revealed low coverage (6%) in this locale.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Postneonatal mortality caused by diarrhea: a case-control study].

A matched case-control study was undertaken in Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México. The goal of this study was to identify the risk factors for diarrheal disease in children between seven days and one year of age. We identified 63 case and 188 controls. The most important risk factors were: mother's age greater than 36 years with an odds ratis (OR) 3.7, lack of breastfeeding (OR 11.3), breast and bottle feeding (OR 5.4), lack of intradomiciliary sewage (OR 8.3), repeated episoded of disease (OR 8.6) and father's consumption alcoholic beverages (OR 3.6). The main possible paths by which these factors influence mortality are discussed. Specific interventions for some of the factors are proposed.

Case-Control Studies↗