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Biomedical subjects

C S Chang

Publications and source records attributed to C S Chang.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Basic fibroblast growth factor in human prostate cancer cells.

To increase our understanding of the potential role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in malignant progression of prostate cancer, we determined the production of bFGF, the expression of FGF receptor (flg), and the response to exogenous bFGF in LNCaP, DU 145, and PC 3 cells. We observed that these three prostate cancer cell lines, which differed in their dependence on androgens for growth in vitro and in their in vivo behavior in nude mice, could be distinguished as follows: (a) androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells, which do not metastasize in nude mice, did not produce measurable amounts of bFGF, expressed small but measurable amounts of FGF receptor mRNA, and did respond to exogeneous bFGF; (b) androgen-insensitive, moderately metastatic DU 145 cells did produce measurable amounts of biologically active bFGF, expressed large amounts of FGF receptor mRNA, and responded to exogeneous bFGF and the heparin-binding fractions from DU 145 cell extracts; (c) androgen-insensitive and highly metastatic PC3 cells also produced measurable amounts of bFGF but did not demonstrate a growth response to either the heparin-binding fractions from PC3 cell extracts or exogenous bFGF, even though large amounts of FGF receptor mRNA were expressed in PC 3 cells. These results suggest the possibility that differences in production of, and response to, bFGF may be associated with different biological behavior.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1992

Leukemic manifestation in a case of alpha-chain disease with multiple polypoid intestinal lymphocytic lymphoma.

We describe a female aborigine from Taiwan with alpha-chain disease associated with multiple polypoid intestinal lymphocytic lymphoma and leukemic manifestation. Initially, the patient experienced intermittent diarrhea, abdominal pain, and leukemic manifestation. No evidence of bone marrow involvement was found. Alpha-chain protein was demonstrated in the serum. Gastroendoscopy and a series of radiographs of the small intestine revealed multiple polypoid tumors involving the entire length of the small intestine. Duodenal biopsy showed diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining of tumor samples revealed features typical of alpha-chain disease. Cytogenetic analysis showed the same abnormal karyotypes of neoplastic clones in intestinal tumor cells and in circulating leukemic cells. The data suggest that alpha-chain disease can present initially with intestinal multiple polypoid lymphocytic lymphoma and leukemic manifestation without evidence of bone marrow involvement. The data also support the homing theory of lymphomas from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma].

A precise evaluation of the presence of metastasis is mandatory in the management of head and neck malignancies. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity, representing slightly more than 90% of all oral malignancies. The present study included 330 consecutive patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma seen at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division of the Department of Dentistry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei from June 1975 to December 1990. Among these cases, the tongue (31.2%) was the most frequently involved site. According to AJCC staging system, 37.3% of the patients were at stage IV, the highest among stages of patients. The overall incidence of regional lymph node metastasis was 49.4%. The incidence of regional lymph node metastasis was significantly correlated with the location of the primary tumor, especially the low metastatic rate of palate and lip carcinoma (p less than 0.05). Distant metastases were detected in 14 (4.2%) cases. The rate of distant metastasis increased with the advance of staging (6.2% for stage III and IV, p less than 0.05). The lungs were the most common sites of distant metastasis. Due to the poor awareness and socio-economic condition of the patients, a majority of them presented with advanced diseases. The distant metastasis rate was low since all the patients were not kept followed up till death, nor was any autopsy study carried out.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Changing seroepidemiology pattern of hepatitis B virus infection among elementary and junior high school children in Keelung, Taiwan, 1988].

A large-scale seroepidemiologic study of 20816 (35.6% of total) elementary and junior high school children (grades 1-9) in Keelung, Taiwan was conducted in April-May 1988. The study was to investigate the current status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and to plan the extension of the present HBV prevention program to other age groups. Two HBV markers, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), were determined by enzyme immunoassay. The overall seropositivity rates of HBsAg and anti-HBs were 19.0% and 25.6%, respectively. Only 0.4% of the children studied were concurrently positive for both HBsAg and anti-HBs and 55.8% of them were negative for these two markers. It is noteworthy that the seropositivity rate of HBsAg increased with increasing age, from 15.4% in grade 1 (ages 6) to 23.7% in grade 9 (ages 15). This rate of HBsAg was not higher than the 1986 findings (14.0-25.5%) screened from children (4-13 years old) in Keelung, by comparing each age cohort strata, even though the age of study population was two years older. These data indicate that the current hepatitis control strategies have resulted in the reduction of the hepatitis B carrier rate among children from more than 20% to 15% at age 6 (grade 1) in Keelung, but the reduction is still higher than in Taipei children (10%). The seropositivity rate of anti-HBs was also increased with increasing age, from 13.5% (grade 1) to 44.1% (grade 9) and was similar to previous findings in Taiwan.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Cryptococcal infection presenting with lumbosacral polyradiculopathy: report of a case.

Cryptococcal infection presenting primarily as lumbosacral polyradiculopathy is rare. We report on a 57-year-old man with lumbosacral polyradiculopathy, and in which a culture from the cerebrospinal fluid grew Cryptococcus neoformans. A serum cryptococcal antigen study showed a positive reaction. Biopsy specimens from the spinal nerve rootlet showed evidence of arachnoiditis and direct involvement of the nerve root by Cryptococcus neoformans. It is important to remember that localized lumbosacral polyradiculopathy can be the sole initial manifestation of cryptococcosis.

Cryptococcosis↗
PubMed1991

[A dental anthropological study of Chinese in Taiwan. I). Craniofacial morphology].

The cephalometric films were collected from 30 boys and 30 girls of 12 years of age, and from 36 males and 34 females of 18 years of age; all of whom were Chinese in Taiwan, all possessed acceptable occlusion to survey the craniofacial morphology and characteristics associated with dental anthropology. Data were analysed by the computer program at the Department of Orthodontics of Japan Tokyo Medical and Dental University. Data were compared with Japanese, North American Caucasians, Central and South American Indians from papers. It was concluded that: 1) Chinese in Taiwan were similar to Japanese, Central and South American Indians, in that; all possessed a shorter frontal cranial base and depth of face, and were completely different from North American Caucasians. The direction of growth showed counter-clockwise rotation in the four Mongoloid races; however, Caucasians showed straight--down growth. The four Mongoloid races had more frontal position of A,B point and more labial inclination of anterior tooth axis than Caucasians. 2) Chinese in Taiwan were similar to Japanese, but were different from Central and South American Indians, in having a flatter infraorbital outline, longer facial height, flattened mandibular plane angle and a more frontal position of chin. 3) Chinese in Taiwan were characteristically different from Japanese by having a smaller interincisal angle, lower frontal facial height, mandibular angle and mandibular plane angle. In summary, the results indicated that Chinese in Taiwan are characterized by having a wide but short face pattern, a retroposition of the mandible ramus, a more upright mandible angle and a prominent labial inclination of anterior tooth axis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Remission of hypoplastic acute leukemia by low dose Ara-C: one case report.

The occurrence of hypoplastic acute leukemia is widely recognized as an atypical leukemia, and is defined as hypocellular marrow with more than 30% blasts and none or few blasts in the circulating blood. The pathogenesis of hypoplastic acute leukemia is still unknown. Clinically, it usually follows a less progressive course and has a high prevalence rate among the elderly. The treatment and prognosis remains unclear. We present a case of hypoplastic acute leukemia, which responded well to low dose Ara-C. The 67 year-old female patient had symptoms of bruising easily and dizziness for about 3 years. Initial investigation revealed pancytopenia in the circulating blood and hypocellularity (10%) with blast cells (60%) in the bone marrow. Besides supportive treatment with blood transfusions and antibiotics, chemotherapy of low dose Ara-C 10 mg/m2 was administrated for 14 days by subcutaneous injection. Bone marrow examination revealed an increase of cellularity and a decrease of blast cells following chemotherapy. Anemia and thrombocytopenia also simultaneously improved. Such results may suggest induction of differentiation effect of low dose Ara-C in hypoplastic leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical study of androgen receptor in benign hyperplastic and cancerous human prostates.

Androgen receptor was detected immunohistochemically in benign as well as malignant prostatic tissues by using a monoclonal rat anti-human androgen receptor antibody (AN 1-15). In both benign and malignant cells, the androgen receptor was exclusively localized in nuclei. In hyperplastic prostate, the androgen receptor was stained in the glandular and the stromal cells. In the gland, cells facing the lumen were stained more intensively than those adjacent to the basal membrane. In cancer tissue, receptor-positive and -negative cancer cells were intermingled. The percent of strongly positive cancer cells was correlated inversely with grade. Relapsed cells showed a low population of strongly positive cells irrespective of grade.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Cardiac myxoma--clinical experience in 24 patients.

We reviewed our clinical experience in 24 patients with cardiac myxoma. There were 8 males and 16 females, their ages ranged from 14 to 73 (mean, 48) years. Prior to echocardiographic examination, cardiac myxoma was suspected clinically in only 2 cases. The remaining patients were initially diagnosed as having mitral valvar disease (9 cases), infective endocarditis (3 cases), congestive cardiomyopathy (4 cases), pericardial effusion (1 case), systemic embolism of unknown cause (1 case), cerebrovascular accident (2 cases), ventricular septal defect (1 case) and Ebstein's malformation (1 case). The tumor was in the left atrium in 16, in the right atrium in 2, in the biatrium in 1, while one was in the right ventricle and peripheral arterial occlusion had been produced by myxoma without demonstrable cardiac tumors in the other two. Twenty-two patients underwent open heart surgery for excision of myxoma and there was no surgical mortality. Abdominal embolectomy was carried out in 2 patients; one of these 2 patients survived and 1 died. Follow-up for a mean period of 32 months (range 2 to 99 months) was possible in in 18 patients with no evidence of recurrence. We conclude that cardiac myxoma may mimic many cardiovascular diseases, so a high index of suspicion is important for its diagnosis. Echocardiography is the most useful diagnostic screening tool.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Localization and regulation of estrogen, progestin and androgen receptors in the seminal vesicle of the rhesus monkey.

We have used monoclonal antibodies against the estrogen (E), progestin (P) and androgen (A) receptors (R) to study receptor localization and regulation in the seminal vesicles of rhesus monkeys under different hormonal conditions. The antibodies caused substantial shifts of the appropriately labeled receptors on sucrose gradients. ER levels were lower in intact males than in immature, castrate, and estrogen-treated castrates. With immunocytochemistry, ER were detectable only in stromal and smooth muscle cells, not the epithelium. The number of ER-positive stromal cells was significantly lower in intact males than in immature, castrate, and estrogen-treated castrates, and low in a DHT-treated castrate animal. Androgen receptors were localized in epithelial as well as stromal and smooth muscle cells, and the number of AR-positive stromal cells was highest in intact adults and lowest in castrated and immature animals. Estrogen treatment at the time of castration induced PR in the ER-positive stromal cells, prevented a decline in the number of AR-positive stromal cells, and caused stromal hypertrophy. In summary, in the seminal vesicle, as in the prostate, ER is restricted to the fibromuscular stroma, is suppressed by androgens, and can mediate induction of PR on estrogen treatment. Androgen receptors are present in epithelial as well as stromal and smooth muscle cells, but variations in hormonal state appear to affect regulation of AR more in the stroma than the epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A 3-year follow-up of a homotransplanted tooth from a tooth bank.

A successful case of homologous tooth transplantation is presented. A maxillary second premolar obtained from a tooth bank was implanted into a fresh central incisor extraction site. A 3-yr follow-up radiograph indicated satisfactory apical healing and minimal replacement resorption. Clinically, the transplantation site was free of symptoms and there was no evidence of periodontal disease or tooth mobility.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Oculopalatal myoclonus: report of a case.

We report a patient who developed a delayed onset of oculopalatal myoclonus, characterized by synchronous oscillatory movements of the eyeballs, soft palate and the orbicularis oculi muscle, 5 months after a pontine hemorrhage. The involuntary oscillations did not affect the speech or swallowing but continued in sleep with decreased amplitudes. These oscillations also failed to respond to clonazepam therapy and the patient was unable to voluntarily suppress them for several minutes. A temporary association in synchronous titubation of the head was also observed. A characteristic vertical ocular oscillation was demonstrated in an oculogram. This is in accordance with the midline form of oculopalatal myoclonus.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1990

[Delayed intracranial aneurysm of left atrial myxoma--a case report].

Although embolism is known as a common complication in the early growing stage of atrial myxoma, development of further neurologic disorders after the removal of tumor is rarely encountered. Arterial aneurysm formation and metastatic tumor growth represent the two disorders that had been reported in the literature. Based on the pathogenesis of hematogeneous disseminating, atrial myxoma may lodge its fragment or its adherent thrombus on intracranial vessels to produce cerebral infarct. Besides, several reports have indicated that myxoma emboli in the cerebral vessels may invade the vessel wall to produce delayed disorders. Embolization from atrial myxoma is now recognized as a potentially treatable cause of cerebral infarct. However, the long-term course following resection of the tumor remain complicated, partly due to these inconsistent delayed complications, or the therapeutic dilemma. We report a case with delayed intracranial aneurysm formation and reviewed the literature. A 67-year old woman with a past history of left cerebral infarction was transferred to our hospital for further evaluation of her gross hematuria. Infarction of the left kidney was then demonstrated by angiography. A left atrial myxoma was found in a echocardiographic screen, and the patient received a successful resection of the myxoma subsequently. Unfortunately, three episodes of stroke developed in a half year after the operation of the cardiac myxoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1990

An exonic point mutation of the androgen receptor gene in a family with complete androgen insensitivity.

We have discovered in the X-linked androgen receptor gene a single exonic nucleotide substitution that causes complete androgen insensitivity (resistance) in a sibship with three affected individuals. The mutation, a guanine-to-adenine transition, occurs at nucleotide number 2682 and changes the sense of codon 717 from tryptophan to a translation stop signal. Codon 717 is in exon 4, so the mutation predicts the synthesis of a truncated receptor that lacks most of its androgen-binding domain. The substitution abolishes a recognition sequence for the restriction endonuclease HaeIII. Amplification of exon 4 by the polymerase chain reaction followed by double digestion with HinfI and HaeIII permits facile recognition of hemizygotes and heterozygous carriers of the mutation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical observation of 15 Thai children with dengue hemorrhagic fever].

Fifteen Thai children, diagnosed with dengue hemorrhagic fever and admitted to the Children's Hospital in Bangkok, were studied. All cases were serologically proved to be secondary dengue infections. The clinical signs and symptoms in the first few days of the acute febrile phase were similar to those observed in cases with classical dengue fever, and included continuously high fever, headache, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, etc. In the laboratory findings we noted hypoalbuminemia and mild elevation of the GOT and GPT. The hemogram showed an increasing atypical lymphocyte count during the acute febrile period. Prolongations of the partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time were also found, especially in the severe shock cases. All patients had varying degrees of hepatomegaly and pleural effusion from their chest x-rays accompanied by a rapid increase in the hematocrit of more than 20% and a fall in the platelet count to less than 100000/microliters. During the plasma leakage period the patients easily developed shock, even leading to death, unless adequate fluid supplies were given. This is also the major pathophysiological difference between dengue hemorrhagic fever and classical dengue fever. Although some studies concerning the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever have been reported, but the exact mechanisms need further investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Lymph node blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia. One case report.

We present a patient with philadelphia chromosome (ph')-positive CML with extramedullary blast crisis in the lymph nodes before the bone marrow blast crisis. The morphological and cytochemical studies of lymph node touch preparation, and cytogenetic studies of lymph node tissue confirmed the extramedullary lymphoid blast transformation of CML, while the bone marrow continued to show the chronic phase of CML. When we changed our treatment to use Vincristine-Prednisolone therapy, the lymphadenopathy disappeared gradually. This case shows that the clinical and prognostic features of extramedullary disease can strongly affect disease acceleration in CML, and the therapy should be changed promptly. Besides, cytogenetic study of extramedullary tumor tissue in CML can be useful for accurate diagnosis.

Aged↗