Biomedical subjects

C S Wink

Publications and source records attributed to C S Wink.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Neural elements in the human temporomandibular articular disc.

The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and describe the location of neural elements in the articular disc of the human temporomandibular joint. Six articular discs were obtained from three adult human subjects at autopsy. Four discs were cut into segments of known anterior-posterior orientation. The remaining two were processed intact. All tissues were stained in bulk with gold chloride, and frozen, sectioned on a sliding microtome at 70 to 100 microns, mounted on slides, dehydrated, and coverslipped. Nerve fibers were seen penetrating the discs from the pericapsular connective tissue. Structures resembling Ruffini endings, Pacinian corpuscles, and Golgi tendon organs were identified in the pericapsular connective tissue and within the disc. The population density of neural elements was the greatest at the periphery of the disc and progressively decreased towards the center, which was essentially devoid of them. The concentration of neural elements appeared to be greater at the anterior and posterior margins of the disc, with the greatest concentration being posteriorly. These findings support the theory that afferent nerves may arise from neural elements within the disc.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Neural elements in human cervical intervertebral discs.

This study attempted to characterize neural elements within the human cervical intervertebral disc. Cervical intervertebral discs were obtained from four adult human subjects at autopsy. Discs were stained in bulk with gold chloride, sectioned, and viewed with the light microscope. Nerve fibers appeared to enter the disc in the posterolateral direction and course both parallel and perpendicular to the bundles of the anulus fibrosus. Nerves were seen throughout the anulus but were most numerous in the middle third of the disc. Receptors resembling Pacinian corpuscles and Golgi tendon organs were seen in the posterolateral region of the upper third of the disc. These results provide further evidence that human cervical intervertebral discs are supplied with both nerve fibers and mechanoreceptors.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Tibial dimensions before and during the recovery phase in the osteopetrotic mutant mouse.

Osteopetrosis is a genetic bone disease characterized by excessive bone mass and 'clubbing' of long bones. In the osteopetrotic (op) mouse, remission of the disease begins at 45 days of age. This study attempted to describe changes in the op tibia before and during remission. Osteopetrotic and normal littermates were killed at intervals from 10 to 120 days of age. Left tibiae were processed for transmission electron microscopy. Microradiographs of right tibiae were projected and drawn. Bone dimensions were compared between mutants and controls by ANOVA and bones were viewed in a scanning electron microscope. Differences between mutants and controls were: at all ages mutant tibiae were shorter than those of controls; 10-day distal shafts of mutant tibiae were significantly narrower; 30-day proximal shafts of mutant tibiae were wider, distal shafts were narrower, and there was no bone resorption along the external proximal metaphysis. At 48 days, resorption was seen along the proximal metaphyses of the mutant tibiae and by 60 days, extensive resorption areas were evident. However, proximal shafts of mutant tibiae were still significantly wider than those of controls. These results indicated that before remission there was an unequal deposition of bone on the mutant tibia. After remission, resorption occurred along the external proximal shaft, but was not enough to remove significant amounts of bone from the proximal metaphyses of mutant tibiae by 120 days of age.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1988

Dichloromethylene biphosphonate retards femoral expansion in normal and castrated adult male rats.

This study reports the effects of dichloromethylene biphosphonate (Cl2MBP), an inhibitor of bone remodeling, on femoral expansion in four groups of adult male rats; (1) sham-operated controls; (2) sham operated + injections of Cl2MBP; (3) castrated (osteoporotic), and (4) castrated + injections of Cl2MBP. After controlling for body weight, analyses of covariance revealed significant differences in total femoral width between animals that had received Cl2MBP and those that had not. The results indicated that Cl2MBP treatment retarded femoral expansion in both castrated and normal adult male rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

The effects of estradiol on plasma calcium and femoral bone structure in alligators (Alligator mississippiensis).

The effects of exogenous estradiol on plasma calcium and femoral bone structure were studied in young male and female alligators. Males and females responded in the same manner to estrogen treatment. Eight days after the initial injection, plasma calcium was significantly greater in experimentals than in controls. No changes in femoral bone structure were observed.

Alligators and Crocodiles↗

PubMed1986

A scanning electron-microscopic study of femoral bone surfaces from castrate rats treated with dichloromethylene biphosphonate.

This study compared SEM appearances of endosteal and periosteal surfaces of anorganic femoral diaphyses from three groups of adult male rats: (1) control; (2) castrate (osteoporotic), and (3) castrate + injections of dichloromethylene biphosphonate (Cl2 entrances; (2) area of vascular canal entrances; (3) number of osteoblast lacunae, and (4) percent area of bone surface types. Endosteal surfaces from untreated osteoporotic rats had significantly more osteoblast lacunae, larger vascular canal entrances, and less resting surface than those of the other groups. There were no differences in endosteal surfaces between controls and Cl2MBP-treated castrates. Periosteal surfaces demonstrated no significant differences in percent area of bone surface types between groups, untreated castrates had more osteoblast lacunae than other groups, and vascular canal entrances were smaller in castrate groups than in controls. Castrates treated with Cl2MBP had significantly fewer periosteal vascular canal entrances, and many canal entrances and osteoblast lacunae appeared to be plugged with mineral deposits when compared with the other groups. The results indicate that Cl2MBP treatment prevented endosteal bone surface changes that occurred with castration osteoporosis, and may have disrupted normal vascularization on periosteal surfaces.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

The effects of dichloromethylene biphosphonate on osteoporotic femora of adult castrate male rats.

In a previous study we reported that castration of adult male rats resulted in femoral osteoporosis 4 months later. The present study tested the effects of dichloromethylene biphosphonate (Cl2MBP, formerly Cl2MDP), a bone resorption inhibitor, on the development of osteoporosis in femora of adult castrated male rats. One-year-old male Holtzman rats were assigned to three groups: sham-operated controls; castrated-no treatment; castrated + Cl2MBP injections 3 times/week. The animals were sacrificed 4 months later. Femora from untreated castrated rats were osteoporotic, confirming our earlier study. Femora from Cl2MBP-treated castrates did not differ from those of controls and were significantly denser and more robust than those of untreated castrated rats. The results indicated that Cl2MBP treatment started immediately after castration prevented the development of femoral osteoporosis in adult castrated male rats.

Animals↗