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Biomedical subjects

C Salerno

Publications and source records attributed to C Salerno.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Deaths from falls in children: how far is fatal?

The outcome of injury was determined in 317 children who were brought to a children's trauma center with a history from the caretaker that the child had fallen. Cases in which the clinicians' judgment was that an incorrect history had been given were included along with cases in which the history was not questioned. Seven deaths occurred in 100 children who fell 4 feet or less. One death occurred in 117 children who fell 10 feet to 45 feet. The 7 children who died in short falls all had other factors in their cases which suggested false histories. When children incur fatal injuries in falls of less than 4 feet, the history is incorrect. Long falls with an outdoor component are likely to be reliable data points for studies of children's injuribility.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1991

Valinomycin-induced modulation of adriamycin resistance and cationic probe distribution in MCF-7 cell lines.

In vitro restoration of adriamycin sensitivity in a resistant human breast tumor cell line was obtained by continuous exposure to nanomolar nontoxic valinomycin concentrations. Seven-day treatment with nanomolar valinomycin concentrations caused a slight increase of the signal of the cationic fluorescent cyanine probe DiOC5(3) but did not appreciably affect adriamycin incorporation in the cells. A marked increase of the DiOC5(3) signal was obtained in the presence of micromolar valinomycin concentrations, which were incompatible with the in vitro cellular growth.

Carbocyanines↗
PubMed1991

Effects of polyene macrolides on the membrane potential of resting and activated human leukocytes.

Membrane potential changes in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes have been studied by monitoring the fluorescence signal of a carbocyanine probe in the presence of calcium ionophore A23187, chemotactic tripeptide f-met-leu-phe, and polyene macrolides. Reduction of the signals triggered by the ionophore and the tripeptide, inhibition of the respiratory burst, and changes in the Na+ influx into the cell seem to be the dominant effect of the polyenes. Polyene-induced depolarization does not correlate with the inhibition of the respiratory burst.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of erythrocyte ghost ATPase by polyene antibiotics.

The effect of micromolar concentrations of polyene antibiotics on erythrocyte ghost ATPase activities has been studied. (Mg2+)-ATPase is inhibited by amphotericin B and amphotericin B methyl ester, whereas (Na+ + K+ + Mg2+)-ATPase is inhibited by amphotericin B and lucensomycin. (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase is only slightly affected by polyene antibiotics.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1989

Combined effects exerted by amphotericin B and lucensomycin on cation permeability in a unilamellar vesicle system.

The permeability of artificial unilamellar vesicles and of plasma membrane vesicles from homogenized yeast in aqueous solutions of polyene antibiotics (amphotericin B and lucensomycin) was studied by measuring proton leakage by a pH-stat method. Micromolar concentrations of amphotericin B induced a remarkable proton efflux from the vesicles. Lucensomycin exerted similar effects only at 100 times higher concentrations. The latter antibiotic, at concentrations one order of magnitude lower than those necessary to induce a detectable proton efflux, seemed to protect the vesicles from the subsequent permeabilizing action of amphotericin B.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1989

Interaction of lucensomycin with membranes: the role of non-steroidal components.

The binding of lucensomycin to unilamellar phospholipid/cholesterol vesicles and to colloidal emulsions of cholesterol in aqueous solutions was studied by monitoring the changes in the electronic absorption spectra of the polyene antibiotic. The total extent of the absorption variations was a direct function of cholesterol concentration and quite independent of the nature of the emulsion. The rate of binding, relatively slow in the colloidal systems, was greatly enhanced when cholesterol was included in phospholipid-containing membranes. The rate of lucensomycin binding to colloidal cholesterol increased with increasing cholesterol concentrations and/or stirring the heterogeneous suspension. The time course of lucensomycin binding to vesicles appeared to be independent of the concentrations of phospholipids and cholesterol.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1989

Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent reactions in water pools.

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, its Schiff base with L-alanine, and cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase were dissolved in isooctane solutions containing reverse micelles of the surfactant di-2-ethylhexylsodium sulfosuccinate and water. The physico-chemical properties of these compounds in the new environment have been studied.

Alanine↗
PubMed1987

Inactivation of de novo DNA methyltransferase activity by high concentrations of double-stranded DNA.

The activity of eukaryotic DNA methyltransferase diminishes with time when the enzyme is incubated with high concentrations (200-300 micrograms/ml) of unmethylated double-stranded Micrococcus luteus DNA. Under similar conditions, single-stranded DNA induces only a limited decrease of enzyme activity. The inactivation process is apparently due to a slowly progressive interaction of the enzyme with double-stranded DNA that is independent of the presence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. The inhibited enzyme cannot be reactivated either by high salt dissociation of the DNA-enzyme complex or by extensive digestion of the DNA. Among synthetic polydeoxyribonucleotides both poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC) and poly(dA-dT).poly(dA-dT), but not poly(dI-dC).poly(dI-dC), cause inactivation of DNA methyltransferase. This inactivation process may be of interest in regulating the 'de novo' activity of the enzyme.

DNA↗
PubMed1987

Kinetics of binding of lucensomycin to natural and artificial membranes.

The binding of the polyenic antibiotic lucensomycin to native or modified human erythrocyte ghosts and to model membranes has been studied by monitoring the absorbance variations of the polyene at 320 nm. The non-steroidal components of the membranes (such as proteins and phospholipids) seem to affect the rate of the individual reaction steps leading to the formation of cholesterol-lucensomycin complexes rather than the ratio among these heterologous aggregates at equilibrium.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1987

Reutilization pathway of purine nucleotides in human erythrocytes.

Human erythrocytes can operate the pyrophosphorolysis of IMP and utilize the phosphoribosyl moiety of this compound for the synthesis of AMP and of GMP from exogenous purine bases. Erythrocyte purine phosphoribosyltransferases seem to have a role in this interconversion pathway.

Adenosine Monophosphate↗