Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Sales.
Metastasis to the parotid region is rare, and originates primarily from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma of the skin. Renal clear cell adenocarcinoma has considerable metastatic potential and the parotid gland is one possible destination. Histopathologic study is important to differentiate this entity from primary clear cell parotid neoplasm.
To test the effect of dietary fatty acids on fatty acid uptake, the influx kinetics of a representative long-chain fatty acid, 3H-oleic acid, in both the jejunum and ileum of rats has been studied using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV). Animals were fed with semipurified diets containing 5 g fat/100 g diet, as corn oil (control group), safflower oil (unsaturated group) and coconut oil hydrogenated (saturated group). With increasing unbound oleate concentration in the medium, the three dietary groups showed saturable kinetics in both jejunal and ileal BBMV (controls: Vmax = 0.15 +/- 0.01 nmol x mg protein-1 x 5 min-1 and Km = 136 +/- 29.1 nmol for jejunum, and Vmax = 0.23 +/- 0.03 nmol x mg protein-1 x 5 min-1 and Km = 196 +/- 50.3 nmol for ileum; unsaturated: Vmax = 0.28 +/- 0.05 nmol x mg protein-1 x 5 min-1 and Km = 242.7 +/- 91.8 nmol for jejunum, and Vmax = 1.29 +/- 0.06 nmol x mg protein-1 x 5 min-1 and Km = 509.8 +/- 97.5 nmol for ileum; saturated: Vmax = 0.03 +/- 0.01 nmol x mg protein-1 x 5 min-1 and Km = 124.5 +/- 72.6 nmol for jejunum, and Vmax = 0.04 +/- 0.01 nmol x mg protein -1.5 min-1 and Km = 205.6 +/- 85.3 nmol for ileum). These results support the theory that feeding an isocaloric diet containing only unsaturated fatty acids enhanced oleic acid uptake, and feeding an isocaloric diet containing only saturated fatty acids decreased oleic acid uptake. The results obtained in the present work also show the adaptative ability of jejunum and ileum to the type of dietary fat.
In previous works, a membrane fatty acid transport system has been identified in brush border membrane vesicles, but no different intestinal regions were considered in these studies. To test the existence of a proximal-to-distal gradient of fat absorption along the small intestine, transmembrane influx kinetics of a representative long-chain fatty acid, 3H-oleic acid, in both jejunum and ileum of rat has been studied using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV). With increasing concentration of unbound oleate in the medium, both jejunal and ileal BBMV showed saturable uptake kinetics (Vmax = 0.15 +/- 0.01 nmol.mg protein-1 x 5 min-1 and Km = 136 +/- 29.1 nmol for jejunum, and Vmax = 0.23 +/- 0.03 nmol.mg protein-1 x 5 min1 and Km = 196 +/- 50.3 nmol for ileum). These results support the hypothesis that oleic acid uptake occurs via a carrier-mediated transport mechanism in both jejunum and ileum. Furthermore, the existence of a proximal-to-distal gradient for fat absorption was apparent with a higher density of transport units (Vmax) in ileum compared to jejunum.
A new provocative test for chronic mesenteric ischemia is described, based upon the demonstration of a fall in the intramural pH of the small bowel after introduction of a test meal into the stomach. Intramural pH (pHI) is determined indirectly by tonometry, utilizing a tonometer passed per os. Postoperative assessment of revascularization procedures is also possible by the same technique. Application of the test in an 84-yr-old woman showed good correlation between a preoperative fall in jejunal intramural pH and abdominal pain, and the absence of a fall postoperatively after successful revascularization.
The results of a zinc-protoporphyrin (ZPP) screening in 1983 among first-grade schoolchildren in Hospitalet de Llobregat (Catalonia, Spain) are presented. Tap water in this industrial city comes from the Llobregat river and is extremely hard, with an excessive level of salts. At this time, Spanish gasoline had high levels of lead. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of environmental pollution on subclinical lead poisoning. These were 428 children in the study, 67% of those eligible. Causes for non participation were being absent from school on the screening day or lack of parental consent for participation in the study. Only in two children levels of ZPP above 40 theta g/100 ml were found; both cases had iron deficiency anemia with low blood lead levels. Mean ZPP levels were somewhat higher in the Collblanc district, which suffers higher air pollution from street traffic, and in children living in houses built before 1940. The relevance and implications of these findings are discussed.
A 34-month-old girl was treated for anterior uveitis, a superiorly subluxated cataract, rubeosis iridis and secondary glaucoma of the right eye of 3 months duration. She was diagnosed as having medulloepithelioma only after a mass was subsequently identified on the anterior surface of the iris. A low grade malignant nonteratoid medulloepithelioma was found to involve the ciliary surface throughout the circumference of the enucleated right globe. These tumors are generally associated with a good prognosis for survival, but are potentially lethal when they extend extrasclerally.
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